湘南学院2014年英汉互译考试重点.doc

1 翻译家：严复，黄龙，泰特勒，傅雷，刘重德，董乐山，钱钟书，季羡林，郭沫若，茅盾，鲁迅，瞿秋白。二、What is translation?1.从一种语言转换为另一种语言 2. 两种语言之间的桥梁3.语言和文化之间的桥梁4在译语中用最切近的而又自然的对等语再现原语的信息，首先在语义上，其次是文体上。5.翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种语言传达出来，以达到沟通思想、传播文化知识、促进社会文明，特别是推动译语文化兴旺昌盛的目的。6.翻译是一门科学，一门艺术，一种技能，一种语言活动与交流。7.力求真实地再现原文的形式、内容、意境、风格和文化意蕴。 三、Criterion 1. 乔治坎贝尔1.再现原作的意思2.在符合译作语言特征的前提下，尽可能地移植作者的精神和风格3.最后使译作至少具有原作品的特征，显得自然流畅2.泰特勒（译作应完全复写出原作的思想）（译作的风格和手法应和原作属同一性质）（译作应具备原作品的通顺）3. 奈达 Functional equivalence (from meaning to style)4. 严复：信、达、雅（faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance）5.钱钟书：化境（perfect imitation ） 6.傅雷：神似（identical similarity）7.大致相同的感受 8.刘重德：信切达 9.许渊美：三美（音，美，形美）俗话1. pig-head笨猪 silly ass 犟驴 green eyed红眼病 black in the face脸色铁青 as strong as a horse健壮如牛 as clear as the sun at midday昭然若揭 as poor as Church mouse一贫如洗 blue film 黄色电影2. No missing while pass through走过路过，不要错过。3. Study hard and make progress every day 好好学习，天天向上4. A flaw in an otherwise perfect thing美中不足5. Brimming with joy心花怒放6. Who cares, so what? 这个世界谁怕谁？7. To cast coals to Newcastle.（多此一举）8. To cast pearls before swine.（对牛弹琴） 9. Even if you have climbed a hundred feet up to a pole, you may further make a progress.（百尺竿头更进一步）10. This is utterly unnecessary.（这是脱裤子放屁）11. Earth sticks to earth and makes a wall, poor man stick poor man and together overthrows a kingdom.（土帮土成墙，穷帮穷成王）12. Storms gather without warning in nature, and bad luck befalls men overnight.（天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福）13. He who makes no investigation has no right to speak. 没有调查，就没有发言权。14. Those who kick the ladder will certainly come to no good end. 过河拆桥，决没有好下场。15. You want the horse to run fast and yet you dont let it graze. Isnt that ridiculous! 又要马儿跑，又要马儿不吃草。16. If a woman gives birth to a boy, she eats what she wants; if to a girl, she just eats what there is. 生了儿子，吃啥有啥，生了女儿，有啥吃啥。17. The stone rolled down the hill and hit the boy. (石头滚下山，砸着了孩子)18. Well share ups and downs with you. (我们与你同甘共苦，风雨同舟)19. If you have never tasted the bitterness of gall, how can you know the sweetness of honey? 不知苦中苦，哪知甜中甜？20. What I have done may be appreciated and criticized by the people. Yet ultimately, history will give me a fair assessment or judgment. 知我罪我，其惟春秋。21. The best way to hide a misdeed is not to commit it in the first place. 要想人不知，除非己莫为22. In learning about China, one should avoid making the mistake of the blind man who tried to learn about the elephant by feeling touching it. 了解中国人不要盲人摸象。23. He wanted to learn, to know, to teach.他很想学习，以增长知识，教授他人。24. I gave my youth to the sea and I came home and gave my wife my old age. 我把青春年华献给了大海，回到家时，出现在妻子面前的我白发苍苍。25. The aim is to ensure that more young people will rise to positions of leadership. 目的是要领导干部年轻化。26. Whoever wants to join the spring outing should sign up and pay the expenses before Friday. 你们谁想参加春游就在星期五之前报名并交费。27. The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking efforts. 语言这个东西，不是随便可以学好的，非下苦工不可。 28. His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness. 主人的冷遇使他更加不舒服。29. His weariness and the increasing heat determined him to sit down in the first convenient shade.由于又累又热，于是，他终于下了决心，只要碰到舒适的阴凉处，就坐下来休息。30. They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，许多中国人曾为了理想而牺牲了自己的生命。31. His chief contribution was making me realize how much more than knowledge I had been getting from him. 他使我认识到，我从他那里学到的远远不只是知识，这是他最大的贡献。32. The doctors extremely quick arrival and uncommonly careful examination of the patient brought about his very speedy recovery. 医生迅速到达，并非常仔细地检查了病人，因此病人很快就康复了。33. I did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for me. Anger and bitterness had preyed me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle.但我不知今后等待我的是什么，会使我欣喜，还是惊骇，几个星期以来，我又气又恨，感到非常苦恼，这种感情上的激烈斗争过去之后，我感到浑身乏力。34. She got into her chair and was soon carried through the city wall. Peeping through the gauze panel which served as a window, she could see streets and buildings more rich and elegant and throngs of people more lively and numerous than she had ever seen in her life before. 自从上了轿，进了城，从纱窗中瞧瞧，其街市之繁华，人烟之卓盛，自非别处可比。35. Nothing was gained by all the over caution. 所有这些谨小慎微，到头来一无所得。36. I must have been cheated again. 我准是又上当了。37. Young as she is, she has seen much of the world. 她年纪轻轻，可见过不少世面。38. I will go and attend the wedding ceremony, if only to make friends.我要去参加他们的结婚仪式，交几个朋友也是好的。39. They will come to see us if only as a gesture of friendship.他们即使只是为了表示一下友谊，也会来看我们的。40. The doctor was not sure whether the patient was likely to make it.医生不敢肯定那个病人是否会好转。41. She finally made it with the crowd in Hollywood.她最终受到好莱坞人的欢迎。42. Thank you for buying the ticket. I will make it up to you later.谢你为我买票，以后我要还你情的。43. He was a long writing a love letter to the girl.他费了好长时间才写完给那姑娘的情书。44. The supreme fall of falls is this-the first doubt of oneself.只要一开始怀疑自己，这就是最大的失败。45. He is acting chairman, and as such has to sign this paper. 他是代理主席，因此，他一定得在这个文件上签字。46. I have no prejudice against foreigners as such, but I dont think they should be allowed to take work from our own people.我对外国人本身没有什么偏见，但是我认为不应该容许他们夺走我们自己人的工作。47. He is not really a scholar, as such.他并不是一个真正的学者。48. It is not an agreement as such, but will serve as one.这并不是一个真正的协议，但它将起到协议的作用。49. Such as have knowledge and skill will not want for work.有知识和技能的人不愁没有和工作。50. It turned out that the boys illness was not such as to cause anxiety.结果发现这个孩子得的不是那么令人着急的病。51. Such as the food was, there was plenty of it.尽管食物一般，但分量挺足。52. I told him what little I knew on the subject.就这个问题，我把我仅仅知道的一点都告诉了他。53. He happened not to have enough money to buy a birthday present for his girlfriend, so I gave him what little I had in my pocket.给女朋友买生日礼物时，他碰巧钱没带够，所以我把口袋里仅有的全给了他。54. Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。55. One boy is a boy, tow boys half a boy, three boys no boy.一个和尚挑水吃，二个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃。56. Dick can be relied. He eats no fish and plays the game.迪克为人可靠，他即忠诚又正直。57. It is a long way that has no turning.世上没有一条不转弯的路。58. Follow love, and it will flee; flee love, and it will follow you. 有意栽花花不开，无心插柳柳成荫。59. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world wont end if you dont pass a test. So dont worry excessively about a single test.考试的目的在于显示你对某一科目的掌握程度。一次考试不及格，天是不会塌下来的。因此不必为个别的一次考试过分担心。60. The novel “The making of a Hero” impressed me deeply. 钢铁是怎样炼成的这部小说给我留下了深刻的印象。61. When I go to see Marx one day, I will not regret what I have done. 将来有一天我去见马克思，可以问心无愧了62. She is a lovely young thing, very graceful.她是个漂亮的年青姑娘，非常文雅。63. The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green.我前头的那辆车停住了，我错过了可通行的时间。64. Nowadays a student heading for college may pack a frying pan along with his books.如今大学生也可以在学校里自己做点吃的啦。65. This would be helpful in purchasing time and sharpening priorities.这将有助于争取时间突出重点。66. As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a precarious existence with uncertain financial rewards.由于家中有这样的前车之鉴，谁要是一提起以音乐为职业，大家就会想起那收入不稳定、生活无保障的情况。67. Life is a battle from the cradle to the grave. 生活就是从生到死的斗争。People are always talking about “the problem of youth”. If there is one, then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are