《欧洲文化入门》习题.docVIP

2009年10月高等教育自学考试北京市命题考试欧洲文化入门 试卷(课程代码10017)III Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points, 2 points each)31. According to Aristotle, how could people achieve happiness?32. Why do we say that the year 27 B.C. divided the history of Rome into two periods?33. What was the greatest contribution of Charlemagne?34. How will you define the Reformation in the 16th century?35. What did the Puritan principle emphasize?36. What does induction-mean to Bacon?37. What did romantic music stress?38. According to Marx and Engels, how could Socialism be realised?39. What is the novel to a naturalist?40. What are the three functional parts into which Freud divided human personality?IV. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points each)41. Industrial Revolution42. the Cynies43. the Beat Generation44. Charles DickensV. Write between 100 - 120 words on the following topic on the ANSWER SHEET. ( 10 points )45. What are the differences between Hobbes and Locke on social contract ?2010年10月高等教育自学考试北京市命题考试欧洲文化入门 试卷第一部分 选择题 (共40分2 points each)1The Romans conquered Greece in A146 BC B500 BCC700 BC D1200 BC2The playwright who contributed greatly to Greek tragic art was ASophocles BAristophanes CHerodotus DHomer3The greatest of Latin poets wasAHorace BVirgil CHomer DCicero4Daniel was taken prisoner to after the fall of Jerusalem.AEgypt BPersia CBabylon DAssyria5David was Aa Hebrew king Bthe boy who killed GoliathCthe man who made Jerusalem the capital Dall of the above6In the formative period of feudalism, the bishops were themselves Ascholars Bhermits Cfeudal lords Dknights7As a result of the Crusades，luxuries of the East poured into the WestThey were spices perfumehandwoven carpets andAtea BChinaware Csilk Dsilverware8Martin Luther held that was the supreme authorityAthe Church Bthe Bible Cthe Pope DJesus9Ophelia is a character in ShakespearesAHamlet BOthello CMacbeth DMerchant of Venice10The Reformation shattered Medieval Churchs stifling control over manthus paving the way forAeconomic development Bfree thinking Ccapitalism Dprogress11Galile0，because he refused to compromisewas tried byAthe College of Cardinals Bthe Italian courtCthe Spanish court Dthe Inquisition12To Newton，space and time are absolute，to Einstein，motion and space are Arelative Bunlimited Cinfinite D1imited13“A Modest Proposal” was written by ADefoe BSwift CDiderot DFielding14Shelley called poets “the unacknowledged legislators of the world” in hisAPrometheus unbound BDefence of PoetryC1yrics DOde to the West Wind15Schumann stood as the typical example of the influence of upon musicArevolutionary ideals Bphilosophy C1iterature Dreligion16According to Darwin，becomes a mechanism for evolutionary changeAnatural selection Bprocess Cadaptation Dvariation17Zola believed almost blindlyASocial Darwinism BUtopian SocialismCpragmatism Dscientific determinism18The writer who devoted himself to the novel of social condition in England in the 19 th cen- tury was AThomasHardy BWilliam Makepeace ThackerayCGeorge Eliot DCharles Dickens19The contribution made by Pierre and Maris Curie isAthe discovery of atomic nucleus Bthe discovery of radiumCthe discovery of Xrays Dthe discovery of relativity20To the New Novelists，plot，action，narrative，ideas and analysis of characters areAno longer important Bstill very importantCof equal importance Dnone of the above第二部分 非选择题 (共60分)PART TWOIIIn the foliowing part there are two columnsThe left hand column consists of a list of namesThe right hand column consists of a list of titles，names of organizations， works or remarksMatch each name in the left hand column with corresponding ti- tie，organization，work，or remark in the right hand column and put the number a or b or e in the bracket on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points，1 point each)21StJerome (a)“The die is cast”22Schiller (b)Lettres Anglaise23Keats (C)Mother24Francois Rabelais (d)Gargantua and Pantagruel25Walt Whitman (e)Fathers and Sons26Thomas Hobbes (f)Ode to a Nightingale27Corky (g)Leaves of Grass28Turgenev (h)the Vulgate29Julius Caesar (i)founder of modem German literature30Voltaire (j)author of LeviathanIIIGive a one-sentence answer to each of the following questionsWrite your answer in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET(20 points，2 points each)31Which are the most famous temples in ancient Greece?32What did Horace mean when he said“Captive Greece took her rude conqueror captive”?33Why were Christians persecuted under the Roman Empire?34HOW shall we define the Catholic Church?35What made Italy lose its supremacy in world trade in the late l5th century?36What was Hobbess view of the nature of man?37What kind of a novel is Les Miserables7 38What did Kant try to reconcile in “Critique of Pure Reason”?39Why did literature become the voice of the people in Russia in the l 9 th century?40What are the major interests of new novelists?IVExplain each of the following terms in EnglishWrite your answer in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET in around 40 words(20 points，5 points each)41Platos and Democritus views of the world42Noahs Ark43John Wyclif44Mark TwainV. Write between l00120 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)45What is the role of Turgenev in Russian literature?2001年下半年北京市高等教育自学考试 欧洲文化入门试卷I. Multiple Choice (40%)1. _ believed that the highest good in life was pleasure, freedom from pain and eraotional upheaval.A. Sophists B. Cynics C. Skeptics D. Epicureans2 _ is said to have told the king of Syracuse: Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.A. Archimedes B. Aristotle C. Plato D. Euclid3. Increasingly troubled by the inroads of northem tribes such as Goths, the West Roman Empire finally collapsed in _A. 395 B. 27 C. 1453 D. 4764. The City of God was written by _璤_, the most important of all the leaders of Christian thought.A. Jesus B. Augustine C. Thomas Aquinas D. Martin Luther5. _ was a painter, a sculptor, an architect, a musician, an engineer, and a scientist- a Renaissance man in the true sense of the word.A. Michelangelo B. Raphael C. Shakespeare D. da Vinci6. In _, Cervantes satirized a very popular type of literature at the time, the romance of chivalry.A. Don Quixote. B. Hamlet C. leviathanD. The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe7. The best- known book written by Thomas More is _ , which describes an ideal non Christian state where everybody lives a simple life and shares the goods in common, possesses a good knowledge of Latin, fights no war and enjoys full freedom in religious belief.A. The Praise of the Folly B. As You Like ItC. Divine Comedy D. Utopia8. _, author of Prince, is regarded as father of political science in the West.A. Machiavelli B. Dante C. Bacon D. Locke9. In The Revolution of Heavenly Orbs,_ put forward his theory that the sun, not the earth, is the center of the universe.A. Kepler B. Galileo C. Newton D. Copernicus10. During the _ century, the modem scientific method began to take shape, which emphasized observation and experimentation before formulating a final explanation or generalization.A. 18th B. 15 th C. 16 th D. 17 th11. _ said, Knowledge is power.A. Isaac Newton B. Francis Bacon C. John Locke D. Marx12. In Faust,_ drew on an immense variety of cultural material-theological, mythological, philosophical, political, economic, scientific, aesthetic, musical, and literary.A. Goethe B. Defoe C. Rousseau D. Byron13. Which of the following is not regarded as a romantic writer?A. Wordsworth B. Shelley C. Pushkin D. Balzac14. The most frequent themes of Romanticism include all of the following except _.A. the power of reason B. individual freedomC. spontaneity D. love of nature15. If winter comes, can Spring be far behind? is the ending line of Ode to the West Wind by _.A. Wordsworth B. KeatsC. Pushkin D. Shelley16. The composer of Swan Lake was _, a genius in symphonic music.A. Tchaikovsky B. ChopinC. Beethoven D. Mozart17. The naturalist school founded by Zola in late 19 th century intended _A. to attack the industrial injustice and urban evilsB. to give full play to the imagination of individualsC. to uphold the classical values such as harmony, balance, proportion and retraintD. to demonstrate the law of human conduct by a scientific study of a slice of life18. Which of the following novels was not written by Tolstoy?A. Resurrection B. War and PeaceC. Crime and Punishment D. Anna Karenina19. In his poems, Walt Whitman sang praises of all of the following value except _.A. democracy B. the dignity of the individualC. the idyllic way of life D. the brotherhood of man20. Modernism was characterized by _.A. a conscious rejection of established rules, traditions and conventionsB. the exploration of the inner life of the individual and the psychopathology of human relationsC. its intense interest in the bizarre, the mysterious, the unpredictable and the formlessD. all of the above.II. True - False (20%)1. Once every five years, ancient Greeks had a big sports festival on Mount Olympus, which marked the beginning of Olympic Games.2. The greatest names in Western philosophy are Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, who were active in Athens in the 6 th century A. D.3. The body of ideas the Greek philosophers expressed, and the variety of questions they raised about the nature of the world and of human thought, knowledge and conduct, have had an abiding interest for later generations.4. Christianity remained an object of oppression throughout the history of Roman Empire.5. During the Medieval times there was no central government to keep the order; the only organization that seemed to unite Europe was the Christian church.6. Calvinism stressed the absolute authority of the Roman Catholic church, holding that only those especially selectedby God will be saved.7. According to Locke, once a representative is chosen by majority vote, his power is absolute.8. The Declaration of the Rights of Man which was enacted by the English Parliament in 1689 established the supremacy of the Parliament and put an end to divine monarchy in England.9. Descartes believed that thought was the foundation of all knowledge while the senses might deceive us.10. In the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant argued that knowledge is the joint product of both sense and reason. Explain the Following Terms. (25 % )1. Pax Romana2. The Crusades3. Gothic4. Reformation5. Social DarwinismIV. Answer the Following Question. ( 15 % )Why is Renaissance considered the departure from the Middle Ages and the beginning of modernity?2004年欧洲文化入门试题1. Which of the following is not true about Aristotle?A. In Aristotle the great humanist and the great man of science meet.B. Aristotle founded the school of the Stoics.C. Aristotle was tutor of Alexander.D. Aristotle wrote many books on logic, politics, poetry, rhetoric and other subjects.2. Which of the following statements is true about the Roman Empire?A. The Roman Empire had never been divided.B. The Roman Empire was divided into East and West in 395 A. D.C. The Roman Empire was later called Byzantium.D. The Roman Empire was conquered by the Turks in the 15th century.3. The Bible has been regarded as _.A. a religious book B. literatureC. record of great minds D. all of the above4. The Catholic Church should be characterized as_.A. a loosely organized religious institutionB. a highly centralized European organizationC. a highly centralized and disciplined international organizationD. a highly centralized and disciplined western organization.5. The Crusades were wars between _.A. the Arabs and the Christian PilgrimsB. the Turks and the Christians in Western EuropeC. the Christians in Western Europe and the MoslemsD. the Arabs and the Turks6. St. Thomas Aquinas defended in his works _.A. feudal hierarchy of society B. divine power of feudal rulersC. the Pope s supremacy over secular rulers D. all of the above7. The motto Montaigne put down in the essays was _.A. What do I know?B. I doubt therefore I think.C. Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.D. Only to stand out of my light.8. Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese navigator who _.A. discovered the Cape of Good HopeB. discovered the route to India round the Cape of Good HopeC. explored the mouth of the AmazonD. was the first to visit Cuba and Haiti9. Which of the following laws was discovered by Newton?A. l,aw of inertia. B. Law of falting bodies.C. Law of relativity. D. Law of universal gravitation.10. In Locke s political philosophy, the chief reason for the institution of civil government was _.A. the protection of private property B. the upholding of free thinkingC. the abolishment of the rule of the church D. regulation of economy11. Which of the following is not true about the developments of the Industrial Revolution?A. The substitution of water power for human power.B. The introduction of machine.C. The beginning of the factory system.D. The growth of modem capitalism and the working class.12. Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains. This is a remark made by _.A. Voltaire B. RousseauC. Diderot D. Moliere13. In the works of _.one can see the spirit of the Age of Reason.A. Handel B. HaydnC. Bach D. Mozart14. The poem of Byron s that was translated into Chinese at the turn of the 20th centuryA. Don Juan B. Defence of PoetryC. Ode to a Nightingale D. Isles of Greece15. Throughout his his, Beethoven struggled to pass on through his music _.A. the spirit of the French Revolution B. the spirit of Byronic heroesC. ideas of a moral nature D. the praise of natural beauty16. _. is considered to be the poet of the piano.A. Mozart B. ChopinC.Schubert D. Schumann17. Which of the following works was not written by Charles Dickens?A. A Tale of Two Cities. B. The Mayor of Casterbridge.C. David Copperfield. D. Pickwick Papers.18. The author of the short story The Necklace was _.A. O Henry B. Jack LondonC. Mark Twain D. Maupassant19. The apparition of these faces in the crowd/Petals on a wet, black bough. The author of these lines was _.A. William Faulkner B. Ezra PoundC. T. S. Eliot D. William Butler Yeats20. _.was regarded as the greatest Russian literary figure of the 20th century.A. Sholokhov B. TolstoyC. Chekhov D. Gorky第二部分非选择题In the following part there are two columns. The left hand column consists of a list of names. The right hand column consists of a list of rifles, names of organizations or works. Match each name in the left hand column with corresponding title or organization or work in the right hand column and put the number a or b or c etc. in the bracket on the answer sheet. ( 10 points, 1 point each)2l. Augustine ( ) (a) To the Lighthouse22. Aristotle ( ) (b) Ethics23. Shakespeare ( ) (c) Kubla Khan24. Mark Twain ( ) (d)A Hero of Our Time25. Titian ( ) (e) Othello26, Virginia Woolf ( ) (f) Meditations27. Newton ( ) (g) The Confession28. Coleridge ( ) (h) the Venus of Urbino29. Lermontov ( ) (i) Life on, the Mississippi30. Descartes ( ) ( j ) Mathematical Principles PhilosohyGive a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. ( 20 points ,2 points each )31. What are the three styles in Greek architecture?32. What was Marcus Cicero noted for?33. What is the importance of the Middle Ages in terms of development of culture?34. Why was Jan Hus condemned to be burnt at stake?35. What is the theory put forward by Copernicus in his work The Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs ?36. What is Montesquieu s redefinition of law?37. Which composer realized the possibility of the clarinet and used it for solo effects?38. What new literary theory was put forward in the preface of Lyrical Ballads?39. Who was called the father of psychoanalysis?40. Who was the American poet that settled down in London and became a leading figure of the Imagist movement? Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. ( 20 points,5 points each )41. Leonardo da Vinci42. Thomas Hobbes s political thought43. Enlightenment44. Black HumorWrite between 100 - 120 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (10 points)45. What are the distinctive features of Renaissance art?2007年自学欧洲文化入门试题2008年欧洲文化入门试卷PART ONEI. 选择题1. During the height of the development of Greek culture, Alexandria was noted for itsA. port facilities B. population C. library D. architecture2. Which of the following is true about Plato?A. He adopted the dialectical method in argument B. He was the author of EthicsC. He built up a comprehensive system of philosophy D. He was friend of Socrates3. gave birth to Christianity.A. Palestine B. Jewish tradition C. The Bible D. None of the above4. Abraham was told by God to lead the Hebrews to the Promised Land, which roughly corresponds to the present-dayA. Egypt B. Sinai C. Jord