新概念2lesson32笔记.doc

Lesson 31 Success story retire v. 退休retire =stop working =stop doing thisHe is getting old, He is going to retire. 他越来越老, 他打算退休了Im going to retire next year. 我明年会退出影坛或歌坛Im so tired that Im going to retire now. (retire = go to bed)company n. 公司 firm n. 商行 corporation n. 责任公司limited corporation 有限责任公司（缩略形式：Ltd.Co）business n. 生意，公司 He works in my business. 他在我的公司工作save vt. 积蓄 vt. 挽救，救助，拯救 save ones lifeThe doctor saved the childs life. / They saved the child from the fire.save ones face 挽会面子 vt. 积蓄，储蓄 He used to save letters.save money 存钱 He saved (money) for years to buy a car.西方人不喜欢提钱, 所以用 save up 表示存钱I have saved up for many years. 我已经存了好几年的钱Save it for a rainy day. 未雨绸缪, 为将来需要而做好准备workshop n. 车间（工作并且可以拿出来卖）workhouse n. 感化院（强迫劳动的地方）helper n. 帮手, 助手assistant n. 助理employ v. 雇佣employee n. 雇员 ；employer n. 雇主trainer n. 教练 ；trainee n. 接受训练的人【课文讲解】1、Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop.head是“首领、头目”的意思，“the head of+名词”的意思是“的老板，头” John is the head of the family. 一家之主 Frank is the head of the firm. 弗兰克是那家公司的总裁。used to do sth. 过去常常, 但是现在不做My teacher used to live there. 我的老师过去住在那(现在不住了)He lived there. 他过去住在那(不知道现在是否住在那)workas 作为工作 He used to work as a teacher.as a boy = as he was a boy （as的意思是“当的时候”）as a young man 当他年轻的时候2、It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. at that time =just then =at that moment 那时3、He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.of ones own 自己的，属于自己的（own为代词） Do you have a house of your own? my own book (own 起强调作用, 自己的)用of ones own 或 ones own 由被修饰词的位置决定, 如果被修饰名词在前边, 用of ones own, 如果被修饰名词在后边, 用ones own4、In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes.in ones -ies 在某人几十岁的时候in ones twenties/thirties/forties/fifties/nineties，十的倍数的复数形式可用于表达近似的、非确定的数量，与所有格形容词连用时表示大约的年龄。in my fifties 在我五十多岁的时候In his fifties, he learned the second language.in the 1980s 在二十世纪八十年代I worked /began the job in the 1990s.5、In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people.has become 成长为 in a few years 在一些年之后factory which employed 工厂雇佣（除了人可以雇佣外，工厂、公司也可以这样表达)6、Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.ones hard early years =early in ones life 某人的早年艰辛（生活）the long road to success 通往成功的长路There is a long way to go. 还有很长的路要走。remember v. 记得, 回忆起memory n. 记忆 ；memorize v. 记住【Key structures】过去进行时与一般过去时过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，和一般过去时经常在一个句子里使用。与一般过去时相比，它更强调动作的持续性，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。在叙述故事时，过去进行时往往用来表示背景。When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.As I was getting on the bus, I slipped and hurt my foot.used to do used to do表示过去有过但现在已不存在的习惯，以便将过去与现在形成对照。它后面经常用由but now，but notany more/any longer等构成的、用了一般现在时的句子以强调过去和现在的不同之处。 I used to smoke, but I dont any more/longer.He used to be a postman a long time ago. Hes a taxi driver now. 很久以前他曾是个邮递员, 现在他是个出租车司机. I have given up smoking. I used to smoke very heavily. 我已经戒烟了, 过去我吸烟很厉害. I used to collect stamps when I was a boy. 当我还是个小男孩时, 我常搜集邮票. used to仅用于一般过去。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不用助动词do而用used本身。 Used he to smoke? He usednt /used not to smoke.但比较常用的形式是did和didnt Did he use to smoke? He didnt use to smoke.在针对used to提问时，一般也用did： I used to be a good swimmer. Did you really? I didnt even know you could swim.【Special Difficulties】 Experience n. 经历(可数名词)He told me about his experiences as a young man. n. 经验(不可数名词)They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.Does she have any experience in teaching? vt. 经验，体验The village has experienced great changes since 1980.experienced adj. 有经验的，经验丰富的 John is an experienced driver.Save vt.& vi. 救助，搭救，拯救save ones life 挽救某人的生命 The doctor saved the childs life.save ones face 挽回面子 vt.& vi. 储蓄，积攒save money 存钱（多余的钱） He saved (money) for years to buy a car.save it for a rainy day 未雨绸缪economize v.经济，节省（能不用的就不用，节衣缩食）Work and Jobwork和job都翻译为“工作”，job为可数名词，一般与“职业、职位”有关，或表示某人的“份内事”；work作“工作”讲时是不可数名词，常指具体的“劳动、作业”或“（待做的）工作或事务”等，也可能表示“上班”。John is looking for a new job.Im looking for work as a driver.I am looking for a new job.It was his job to repair bicycles.【Composition】Frank (not only) (neither) (repaired) (made)his grandsons bicycle, (but)(also)went for a ride on it(as well)(both). He (said)(told)me later:I(make)(do)aeroplanes, (and) (but) I prefer bicycles.not only / repaired / but /as well / told /make/ butgo for a ride/go for a walk 骑车出去/出去散步ride a car/bicycle/horsego for a ride on sth (对自行车只能用 “on” ) 出去骑车prefer vt.更喜欢, 宁愿【Multiple choice questions】1 When he was a young man, Frank _.a. owned a small shop b. made spare parts for aeroplanes c. made spare parts for bicycles d. worked hard and saved his money (a)(b)选项是作为 “he was a young man” 中的一个部分3 Frank used to work in a small shop. He _ work in a small shop_.a. doesnt anymore b. still does c. is now d. has never done anything elsenot anymore 不再I will not make the mistake anymore.4 He used to work fourteen hours a day. He did this _ day.a. one b. some c. each d. aevery day / each day 每天one day 有一天 ； some day 某一天 ； a 作为计量单位的一部分 I will beat you some day. 总有一天我会打败你8 Frank is the _ of a business company.a. director b. headmaster c. superior d. leaderleader n. 起带头作用的人headmaster n. 校长director n. 管理公司或单位整个事务的人Frank is a director of a business c