Unit1知识点.doc

Unit 1知识点31. in the case of 至于，就来说 The rise in interest rate will be disastrous in the case of small firms.Formal training will take at least 3 years in the case of interior decoration.in case of万一，如果: Take your raincoat in case of rain. 2. stand/get/be in the way挡道，妨碍Many teachers complain that they cant make any improvement in teaching methods as the existing exam system is in the way.I dont think kids have as much fun as we used to. Fierce competition keeps getting in the way of their development.3. rawThe events took place on a raw February morning. (阴冷的)This cutting board is only used to cut raw meat/vegetables. (生的)Industrial plants processed the raw material into finished products for export and domestic consumption. (未加工的) 4. launchThe company is launching a new brand of toothpaste.（推出产品）No one understood why they launched a war/plan like that. (发起，开始从事)Beginning in the early 1960s, humans launched probes探测器to explore other planets. (发射)On October 4, 1957, Soviet scientists launched the worlds first artificial satellite, called Sputnik.5. campaignThe government is launching a massive campaign against corruption. (活动)Some people complained that too much money had been spent on political campaigns.（竞选）Hitlers advisers tried to persuade him to avoid the risks of a winter campaign in the Soviet Union and wait until spring.（战役）6. conquest n.征服，克服The year 1939 had witnessed the conquest of Poland by Germany.Hitler badly miscalculated when he assumed the conquest of USSR would be simple.8 retreat v.&n.撤退The troops made a hasty retreat from the battle.After a fierce battle, the troops retreated southward/to safety.We adopted the following strategies: When the enemy advances, we retreat; when they retreat, we pursue.7. be/get bogged down陷入泥潭，不能前进Most of the tanks were bogged down because of mechanical defects and inexperienced crews.The local government got bogged down in problems of how to handle the emission of hazardous chemicals by industrial facilities.8. engageWork engages much of her time. (占用)I have no time to engage in gossip. (从事，参加)They are currently engaged in lengthy trade negotiations.We tried to engage the shy boy in our conversation, but in vain. The commander ordered the soldiers to engage the enemy immediately. (交战)9. crucial adj. 至关重要的Knowing first aid is crucial to saving lives.Amazingly, our soccer team won the victory in the crucial final game.Improved consumer confidence is crucial to economic recovery.critical 决定性的，严重的: The patients condition is critical.10. take a gamble冒险I think shes taking a gamble investing all her money in stocks.The company took a gamble by cutting the price of their products, and it paid off.11. press on/ahead（不顾困难）继续进行Organizers of the strike are determined to press on.Our school authorities are keen to press on with educational reform.12. bide ones time等待时机His political rivals are biding their time for an attack on his policies.He bided his time until Harvard University offered him a professorship.13. minusTomorrows temperature will be as low as minus ten degrees centigrade. (零下)20 minus 10 is 10. (减去)The gross profit of an automobile manufacturer equals the value of its car sales minus the cost of making cars. I got B minus in the final examination. (减)14. drag on/out拖延；缓慢费力地走How much longer is the meeting going to drag on?How could we prevent them from dragging out the talks?These compensation cases have already dragged on for one year.15. stroke n.He suffered his third stroke in two years. (中风)He drove in a nail with one stroke of the hammer. (击，敲)I saw a chance of solving all my problems at a stroke.He won a car in the lottery last week. Thats his first stroke of good luck.16. limp v. 跛行That dog must be hurtits limping.I injured my ankle and had to limp.He limped off the football field.19 alliance结盟，联盟Japan and Germany made their formal alliance in 1940.The two countries entered into a defensive alliance.NATO is considered as the most powerful military alliance in modern history.17. catch sb. off guard让人没有提防The lawyers seemingly innocent questions caught the witness off his guard. Eisenhowers troops were caught off guard and badly defeated by Rommel隆美尔in the first days of the fighting in February 1943.18. renderThe drug will render the tiger harmless for up to two hours.（致使，使得）He was rendered unconscious by a blow on the back of the neck.Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake. The store rendered good service to its customers. (提供)19. siege n.包围，围困The city was under siege for six months.We must do everything possible to lift/raise/break the siege解除围困.They are hopeful of bringing the siege to a peaceful conclusion.20. bring to a halt使停止Our journey was brought to a halt by a storm.Air traffic in Poland had been brought to a halt by an air traffic controllers strike.21. offensiven. The Red Army brought its winter offensive to a successful conclusion. (进攻)In January 1944 a Soviet offensive raised the long siege of Leningrad列宁格勒.a. There is an offensive smell in the room. (使人不愉快的) He made crude jokes that are offensive to women.（冒犯的)The offensive troops gained ground quickly. (进攻的) Faced with invasion, they took immediate offensive action.22. turn the tide (against) 改变形势The appearance of Joan of Arc贞德turned the tide of war.Soviet victory in Stalingrad turned the tide of the war in Europe.23. thanks to由于，因为Thanks to their tireless efforts, the performance was a great success.Thanks to her financial support, the two children in the remote village could go to school.24. reckonMany people reckon him to be a great basketball player. (认为)The existence of the U. S. is reckon