山东省2020届新高考英语总复习第三板块完形填空第三部分体裁应对策略第4讲说明文对点集训.docx

第4讲 说明文Cloze 1(2019衡水二摸)As a child，I was always told to“eat my greens”These were the unappealing vegetables that sat on the edge of my plate.Peas，and green beans，all looked and tasted _1_.Lets face it，when there were so many other delicious treats to _2_，why eat boring vegetables?Since then my taste buds have _3_ and Im also fully aware of the health benefits of eating fresh vegetables.But we still need _4_ of the amazing goodness these green super foods give us.In the UK，a campaign has been _5_ for several years to encourage us to eat our “5 A Day”five portions of fruit and vegetables.Thats _6_ evidence has shown there are significant health _7_ to getting at least five 80g portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day.But I struggle trying to fit these five portions into my daily _8_，partly because I have a sweet _9_ and vegetables are，well，tasteless.Researchers have been _10_ how to make eating vegetables more _11_.They analysed the psychology behind our food _12_ and found that most of us are _13_ by taste.Brad Turnwald from Stanford University says that “studies show that people _14_to think of healthier options as less tasty for some reason.”In Europe，a project called VeggieEAT has also been trying to find ways to get people to _15_ more vegetables.Project leader，Professor Heather Hartwell believes in _16_ encouraging people into eating the right things.One idea has been to put a _17_ of a tasty looking fruit on a supermarket trolley as a _18_ about buying something from the fruit store after looking at the picture.She says，“Choice is a really _19_ thing.But making vegetables look attractive will increase their sales.”Certainly，eating“twisted citrusglazed carrots”does sound tempting，even if it just _20_ like a carrot，but if it makes us eat more vegetables then that can only be a good thing for our health.语篇解读 蔬菜对健康有益这是一个众人皆知的道理。然而，我们有时候会因为偏爱其他食物的口味而对吃青菜感到很不情愿。本文探讨一项旨在提倡人们多吃青菜的研究，并介绍一些商家用来吸引顾客购买蔬菜的销售技巧。1A.disgustingBdeliciousCripen Dsweet解析：A根据上一句“These were the unappealing vegetables that sat on the edge of my plate.”，说那些讨厌的蔬菜总是散落在我的盘子边上。可知是说这些蔬菜不好吃，令人厌恶的。句意：长相恶心的豌豆、西兰花和青豆吃起来也很恶心(disgusting)。2A.buy BprepareCoffer Denjoy解析：D根据“there were so many other delicious treats”可知是美味在前，是享受(enjoy)。故选D项。句意：有那么多好吃的食物，为什么还吃那些难吃的蔬菜呢？3A.appeared BdevelopedCexisted Dshrank解析：B句意：从那以后，我的味蕾就发展(即改变)了，我还充分意识到了吃新鲜蔬菜对健康的益处。4A.reminding BinformingCwarning Dtalking解析：A句意：remind提醒；inform通知；warn警告；talk谈论。根据上一句“benefits of eating fresh vegetables”蔬菜的好处，可知是时刻提醒记得(remind)这些绿色“超级食品”给我们的身体带来的惊人益处。5A.planning BaimingCrunning Dintending解析：C在英国，世界卫生组织为鼓励人们“每天吃5份果蔬”而发起的宣传活动已经进行(run)了好多年的时间。分析句意可知，是这种宣传活动进行了好多年。只有run才有“运转，或进行”之意。6A.why BhowCwhen Dbecause解析：D根据上文可知宣传活动持续了好多年是结果，原因就是因为(because)有证据表明，人们每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜会对健康有很大益处。7A.needs BbenefitsCissues Drisks解析：B根据上题的内容可知，是说“人们每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜会对健康有很大益处(benefits)”。8A.diet BeducationCwork Dexercise解析：A根据上文每天至少5份水果和蔬菜，可知是日常生活中，即“我仍在努力把这5份果蔬纳入到我的日常饮食(diet)中”。9A.tendency BpreferenceCtooth Dappetite解析：C句意：部分原因是我爱吃甜食，而且觉得蔬菜很无味。have a sweet tooth，为固定搭配，“喜欢甜食”。10A.showing BdiscoveringCreporting Dstudying解析：D句意：研究人员一直在研究(study)如何让蔬菜更具吸引力。11A.appropriate BattractiveCbeneficial Dindependent解析：B根据上句“vegetables are，well，tasteless”因为蔬菜无味，人们不喜欢吃，因此研究人员一直在研究如何让蔬菜更具吸引力(attractive)。12A.choices BvaluesCwastes Djudgments解析：A他们分析了我们选择食物时的心理。根据下一句可知，是我们对食物的选择(choice)。13A.confused BdisturbedCmotivated Dchallenged解析：C句意：他们分析了我们选择食物时的心理，发现大部分人都是受味道的驱使。14A.manage BdecideCagree Dtend解析：D研究表明，人们会因为某种原因而倾向于认为更健康的食物更难吃。15A.grow BeatCstore Dharvest解析：B在欧洲，名为VeggieEAT的项目一直在尝试找出能让人们多吃(eat)蔬菜的方式。后面“encouraging people into eating the right things”是提示。16A.slowly BsuddenlyCfirmly Dseriously解析：A慢慢地(slowly)鼓励人们进食恰当的食物。根据常识可知，想让人们接受某种东西，要慢慢地进行。17A.variety BlotCpicture Dnumber解析：C其中一个想法是，把看起来很美味的水果图片(picture)放在超市的购物车上，以此来暗示消费者去水果区域购买东西。根据下文的内容可知是图片贴在购物车上。18A.sign BconcernCclue Dhint解析：D根据上题的内容可知，把水果的图片贴在购物车上给消费者一种暗示(hint)。19A.easy BcomplexCquick Dcasual解析：B句意：选择是一件非常复杂的事情。根据上文意思可知让人们多吃蔬菜，选择健康的蔬菜水果是很复杂的(complex)。20A.looks BsmellsCtastes Dfeels解析：C当然了，“橘汁胡萝卜”这菜名听起来确定很诱人，虽然尝起来(taste)像是胡萝卜。分析句意可知，胡萝卜虽然名字不同，但尝起来还是胡萝卜的味道。Cloze 2Electricity is such a part of our everyday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays _1_ we rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the TV set.At night，roads are brightly lit，enabling people and _2_ to move freely.Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the _3_ of every modern city.In the home，many _4_ devices are powered by electricity._5_ when we turn off the bedside lamp and are _6_ asleep，electricity is working for us，_7_ our refrigerators，heating our water，or keeping our rooms airconditioned.Every day，trains，buses and subways take us to and from work.We rarely _8_ to consider why or how they run _9_ something goes wrong.In the summer of 1959，something did _10_ wrong with the powerplant that provided New York with electricity.For a great many hours，life came almost to a _11_.Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark，_12_ to do anything；lifts stopped working，so that _13_ you were lucky enough not to be _14_ between two floors，you had the unpleasant task of finding your ways down _15_ of stairs.Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in a(n) _16_ became as gloomy and uninviting _17_ the most remote back streets.People were afraid to leave their houses，_18_ although the police had been ordered to _19_ in case of emergency，they were just as confused and _20_ as anybody else.语篇解读 电是日常生活的一部分，如今，我们已经习以为常，以至于开灯或开电视时很少仔细考虑电的问题。本文介绍关于电的使用问题。1A.thatBthusCas Dso解析：A句意：电是日常生活的一部分，如今，我们已经习以为常，以至于开灯或开电视时很少仔细考虑电的问题。so.that.是固定搭配，意思是“如此以至于”。2A.car BtruckCtraffic Dpedestrians解析：C句意：晚上灯光照亮的马路使人们自由通行，使交通畅通无阻。pedestrian意为“行人”，与空格前的people词义重复；car和truck都指具体的车辆类型，含义过于狭窄。综合考虑，此处应填入traffic。3A.appearance BcharacterCdistinction Dsurface解析：B句意：广告中使用的霓虹灯已经成为了每个现代化城市的一大特色。4A.moneysaving BtimesavingCenergysaving Dlaborsaving解析：D句意：在家里，很多节省劳动力的设备都是由电带动的。四个选项都是复合形容词，根据句意，此处填入laborsaving最合适。5A.Only BRarelyCEven DFrequently解析：C句意；即使当我们关上床头灯，睡得很熟时，电仍然在为我们工作。根据句意，此处应填入even。6A.fast BquiteCclosely Dquickly解析：Afast asleep为固定搭配，意为“睡得很熟的”。7A.moving BstartingCrepairing Ddriving解析：D此处的动词与our refrigerators连用，填入driving最合适，意为“使电冰箱正常运行”。8A.trouble BbotherChesitate Dremember解析：B此处是说，我们很少费心思考它们为什么或如何运行。9A.when BifCuntil Dafter解析：C句意：直到这些交通工具出问题时，我们才会费心思考它们为什么或如何运行。前半句出现了rarely，含否定意义，与until搭配使用，意为“直到才”。10A.go BmeanCpass Dfind解析：A句意：1959年的夏天，负责给纽约供电的发电厂真的出了问题。go wrong固定短语，出错。11A.pause BterminalCbreakdown Dstandstill解析：D句意：许多小时过去了，生活几乎停滞不前。come to a standstill是固定搭配，意为“停住，停滞不前”。12A.incompetent Bpo