2013版高考英语 专题强化测评(一)名词和冠词.doc

2013版英语高考专题辅导与训练精练精析（SDZY）：专题强化测评（一）名词和冠词(限时30分钟). 单项填空1. With _ science and technology developing rapidly, its likely that the robot will take _ place of human beings in many ways. A. /；/B. the; aC. /；theD. the; the2.2011济宁模拟Johnson had made up his mind to give it up, but on _ second thought he determined to try _ third time. A. /; aB. /; /C. a; aD. the; a 3. Of all the subjects, I like _ physics best because it gives us _ useful knowledge of things in science. And I long to turn _ scientist in the future. A. the; a; aB. /; an; /C. /; a; /D. the; /; /4. _ Shenzhen is a beautiful modern city. But _ Shenzhen before the year 1979 was a fishing village. A. The; theB. /; /C. /; theD. The; /5. 2011北京模拟We believe _ Shenzhen well see in _ year 2012 will be quite _ different city from what it is now. A. /; the; /B. the; the; aC. the; the; theD. /; /; / 6. All these changes will lead to _ stronger and more powerful China, _ country that can surprise and enrich our planet. A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. a; / 7. _ loves them dearly. She spares no money and makes great efforts to have them well educated. A. Marys and Kates motherB. Mother of Marys and KatesC. Mary and Kates motherD. Mother of Mary and Kate8. Being Lifes _ only black photographer put him in _ unusual position when Parks set out to cover the civil rights movement. A. the; anB. /; theC. the; theD. /; an9. The boy, who lived on _ second floor, was so clever that everybody thought he was _ second Einstein. A. a; aB. the; aC. the; theD. a; the10. Jack, you have been admitted to _ famous school you have been looking forward to attending! Really? Its _ honor to me! A. a; the B. /; anC. the; anD. the; the11. Do you think an advertisement is _ help when you look for a new job? Well, it all depends. Anyway, it gives me more of _ chance to try. A. a; aB. /; /C. the; theD. a; the12. 2011宜春模拟Everybody present at the meeting agreed to stick to the _ that everyone should be treated fairly. A. purposeB. ambitionC. principle D. level13. 2011天津模拟You should have seen the look of _ when he heard the news that his mother, who used to be healthy, was seriously ill. A. shockB. calmnessC. angerD. scare14. There is an obvious _ between the cultures of the West and the East. A. contractB. contrastC. contentD. contact15. 2011哈尔滨模拟Life is a _, meet it! Life is a dream, realize it! Life is a game, play it! A. challengeB. disasterC. hardshipD. stage16. Ritas husband is away for the week, so I think I should go round and keep her _. A. friendB. pairC. partnerD. company17. When we visited the mountain village, my father took a picture of me with the mountain in the _. A. occasionB. case C. situationD. background18. Even though there were so many hardship cases, Wang Shuo, a DV lover, felt a great _ of satisfaction when the video was completed successfully. A. sourceB. senseC. favourD. value19. You are really very kind. Ill never forget the _ you have done for me. A. favourB. deedC. helpD. good20. Linda gave us a vivid _ of her trip to Mount Lu after her return. A. accountB. explanationC. imaginationD. idea. 阅读理解(A)Do you ever wonder why the English have one word for some animals and a different one for their meat? Why do they use pig and pork, cow and beef, and sheep and mutton? To find out, we have to go back to 1066. In that year, the Norman French invaded England and put a French king on the English throne. The French not only changed the government but they also changed the language. French became the language of the upper classes of society. And it remained that way for 300 years. Only these high society people could afford to eat meat. As a result, French words like porc (pork) and beouf (beef) came into the English language. However, poor English farmers raised the animals. So, he English language retained the words pig and cow from the native Anglo-Saxon. The Norman French added about 10, 000 French words to the English language. Seventy-five percent of them are still in use today. Language experts estimate that English speakers who have never studied French already know 15, 000 French words! Between one-third and two-thirds of all English words have French origins. Some words such as possible and avenue are the same in French and English; only the pronunciation changes. Other words such as ballet or la carte retain their French pronunciation in both languages. In French grammar, nouns have either a male or female gender, so adjectives（形容词） take different forms for each. English has only one adjective that does this, and it came from French. The word blond describes someone with light-colored hair. Blond is used for men, and blonde describes women. And they are also nouns. Some French words that entered the English language have taken on completely different meanings. The French phrase la mode means “in style. ” In English, the phrase means “with ice cream”. Someone must have decided something eaten with ice cream was in style! Now, as you learn English, youre on your way to learning French!21French was once popular among the upper classes of the UK because_ . Atoo many Frenchmen moved to BritainBthe French brought animals with themCthe king and his officials spoke FrenchDthe king allowed French to be spoken22The underlined word “retained” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “ _”. AadoptedBkeptCintroducedDdeserted23Why does an English speaker find French easy to learn? ABecause English and French share similar pronunciation. BBecause English grammar and French grammar are similar. CBecause English has great influences on the French language. DBecause a large number of English words have French origins. 24From the difference in grammar, we can infer that_. AEnglish nouns have different adjective formsBEnglish nouns have a male or female genderCin French, the adjective must agree with the noun in genderDthe French word “fiancee” is used for men and “fiance” for women25What conclusion can we draw from the text? ALanguage is closely related to history and culture. BLanguage is controlled by the upper classes of society. CFrench and English words dont have much in common. DEnglish combines French and the Native Anglo-Saxon. (B)If cars had wings，they could fly and that just might happen, beginning in 2011. The company Terrafugia, based in Woburn, Massachusetts, says it plans to deliver its car-plane, the Transition, to customers by the end of 2011. “Its the next wow vehicle，”said Terrafugia vice president Richard Gersh. “Anybody can buy a Ferrari, but as we say, Ferraris dont fly. ”The car-plane has wings that unfold for flyinga process the company says takes one minuteand fold back up for driving. A runway is still required to take off and land. The Transition is being marketed more as a plane that drives than a car that flies, although it is both. The company has been working with FAA to meet aircraft regulations, and with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to meet vehicle safety regulations. The company is aiming to sell the Transition to private pilots as a more convenient and cheaper way to fly. They say it saves you the trouble from trying to find another mode of transportation to get to and from airports: You drive the car to the airport and then youre good to go. When you land, you fold up the wings and hit the road. There are no expensive parking fees because you dont have to store it at an airportyou park it in the garage at home. The car-plane is designed to fly primarily under 10, 000 feet. It has a maximum take-off weight of 1, 430 pounds, including fuel and passengers. Terrafugia says the Transition reduces the potential for an accident by allowing pilots to drive under bad weather instead of flying into marginal(边缘的)conditions. The Transitions price tag: $194, 000. But there may be additional charges for options like a radio, transponder or GPS. Another option is a full-plane parachute. “If you get into a very awful situation, it is the necessary safety option, ”Gersh said. So far, the company has more than 70 orders with deposits. “Were working very closely with them, but there are still some remaining steps, ” Brown said.26. We can learn from the first paragraph that_. A. car-planes will be popular in 2011B. people might drive a car-plane in 2011C. both the Transition and Ferrari can take off and landD. Richard Gersh is the vice president of Massachusetts27. It takes the car-plane one minute to_. A. fold and unfold its wingsB. unfold wings for flyingC. land in the airportD. meet flying safety regulations28. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. The car-plane needs a runway to take off and land. B. To meet aircraft regulations, the company has been working with FAA. C. The car-plane may fly as high as normal planes. D. People can park the car-plane in the garage at home. 29. The underlined word “it” in the last but one paragraph refers to_. A. the radioB. the transponderC. the GPSD. the full-plane parachute30. Whats the best title for the passage? A. Cars with Wings May Be Just around the CornerB. Which to Choose: a Ferrari or a Car-plane? C. A more Convenient and Cheaper Way to FlyD. Cars with Wings Can Fly as Fast as Planes答案解析. 1.【解析】选C。考查冠词。science and technology泛指科学技术, 是固定表达；take the place of是固定短语, 意为“代替”。2. 【解析】选A。考查冠词。on second thought指“再次考虑”，是固定搭配。a third time表示“再试一次”，强调动作的重复而不是强调第三次，故选A。3.【解析】选C。考查冠词。学科前面不加冠词，a knowledge of表示“对的了解”，是固定表达。turn表示“成为”时，后面的名词前不加冠词。由此可知选C。4.【解析】选C。考查冠词。 专有名词作地名时, 其前一般不用冠词, 但后面带有限制性定语时须用定冠词。句意为：深圳是一个美丽的现代化城市, 但1979年前它是一个渔村。5.【解析】选B。考查冠词。根据句意：我们相信在2012年, 我们看到的深圳将会是一个与现在大不相同的城市。第一、二空均为特指, 用定冠词；第三空为泛指, 用不定冠词。6.【解析】选A。考查冠词。China作为专有名词不加任何冠词, 但此句中China前有形容词修饰, 表示“一个更强大的中国”, 这时就需要用不定冠词；a country是同位语, 是对前面进一步补充说明, 表示“一个的国家”。7.【解析】选C。考查名词所有格。从句中的loves可知主语是第三人称单数, 所以断定Mary和 Kate共有一个母亲, 即她们是同胞姐妹。C项表示共同的母亲。8.【解析】选D。考查冠词。句意：当Parks开始报道民权运动时, 作为生活杂志惟一黑人摄影师的身份使他陷入了一种不同寻常的境地, 第一空名词所有格Lifes已经起限制作用, 所以不用冠词；第二空是泛指, 所以用不定冠词。9.【解析】选B。句意：住在二楼的那个男孩很聪明，以至于每个人都认为他是又一个爱因斯坦。“the+序数词”表示“按顺序排的第几”，“a+序数词”表示“又一个”，相当于another。10.【解析】选C。考查冠词。famous school后有定语从句修饰, 表示特指；根据题意可知第二空表示“一件光荣的事”, 所以应用不定冠词an。11.【解析】选A。考查冠词。前者问“广告对于找工作是否有所帮助（泛指）”, 后者答“会多一些机会（泛指）”。a help有帮助的人或事；more of更多的。12.【解析】选C。考查名词。句意：参加会议的所有人都认为要坚持人人都应该受到平等对待这一原则。principle原则；purpose目的，意图；ambition 雄心, 壮志；level 水平。13.【解析】选A。考查名词。根据所提供的情景who used to be healthy可判断出他听到他母亲病重的消息时感到震惊；shock意为“震惊”；calmness 平静, 镇定；anger 生气；scare惊恐。14.【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意为：东西方文化间有着明显的差别。contract合同，契约；contrast对比，差别；content内容，目录；contact接触，联系。根据句意可知答案选B。15.【解析】选A。考查名词。句意：生活是挑战，迎接它！生活是梦想，实现它！生活是游戏，玩吧！challenge挑战；disaster灾难；hardship艰难；stage舞台，时期。16.【解析】选D。考查名词。keep sb. company 陪伴某人, 和某人作伴。pair一对；partner搭档。17.【解析】选D。考查名词。background意为“背景”, 根据所提供的情景When we visited the mountain village可判断出父亲以那座山为背景给我照了一张相片。occasion 场合, 时机, 时刻；case情形, 病例, 案例；situation情形, 境遇, 位置。18.【解析】选B。考查名词。a sense of satisfaction满足感。source源头, 出处；favour恩惠, 好感, 偏爱； value价值。19.【解析】选A。考查名词。do sb. a