英语高考高效备考之虚拟语气详细讲解及训练ppt课件.ppt

TheSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气 1 语气的定义 语气是动词的一种形式 它表明说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度 2 语气的种类 1 陈述语气 表明动作或状态是现实的确定的或符合事实的 用于陈述句 疑问句和某些感叹句 Wearenotready Diditrainalldayyesterday Whatafinedayitis 3 2 祈使语气 表明说话人的建议 请求 邀请 命令等 Becareful Don tforgettoclosethewindow Openthedoor please 4 3 虚拟语气 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实 而是说话人的主观愿望 假设或推测等 IfIwereyou IshouldstudyEnglish Iwishyoucouldgowithme Mayyousucceed 5 虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 条件句有两类 一类是真实条件句 一类是虚拟条件句 真实条件句 假设的情况是有可能发生的 Ifitdoesn traintomorrow wewillgotothepark 虚拟条件句 假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的 或将来都不可能发生的 Ifhehadseenyouyesterday hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit 6 1 与现在事实相反 从句 过去式 be通常用were 主句 should would could might 动词原形 IfIknewhernumberIcouldringherup Ifhewerefree hewouldhelpus Ifhestudiedatthisschool hewouldknowyouwell Should用于第一三人称would表示结果 might表示可能性 could表示能力 允许或可能性 7 1 要是你再试一试 你就会成功的 Ifyoutriedagainyouwouldsucceed 2 如果我是只鸟 我就能在天上飞了 IfIwereabird Icouldflyinthesky 3 IfI 是 you I 就不会 buythatcoat Were Shouldn t 4 IfI 有 aknife I 就杀了 you Hadwouldkill 8 2 与将来事实相反或将来的愿望推测 从句 did should do weretodo主句 should would could might do Ifitrainedtomorrow ourpicnicwouldbeputoff Ifheweretocomehere hewouldtellusaboutit IfheshouldgotoQingHuaUniversity hewouldmakefulluseofhistime 9 3 与过去事实相反 从句 haddone主句 should would could might havedone IfIhadleftsooner Iwouldhavebeenontime 2 要是我们当时早点找到他的话 我们就可以救活他 Ifwehadfoundhimearlierwecouldhavesavedhislife 10 注意 1 条件从句的谓语动词为be时 不管其主语为单数还是复数通常都用were 但在口语或非正式文体中的单数第一人称和第三人称后 也可用was 不过在IfIwereyou这样的表达中 通常还是以用were为宜 11 2 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were should had时 if可省略 而将were should had等词置于句首 如 Ifheshouldagreetogothere wewouldsendhimthere Shouldheagreetogothere wewouldsendhimthere 12 Ifhehadlearntaboutcomputers wewouldhavehiredhimtoworkhere Hadhelearntaboutcomputers wewouldhavehiredhimtoworkhere Ifshewerehere shewouldagreewithus Wereshehere shewouldagreewithus 13 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中 逐句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气 现将虚拟条件句从句和主句的动词形式列表如下 14 虚拟语气的其他用法 一 wish后的宾语从句 1 与现在事实相反 一般过去时2 与过去事实相反 过去完成时3 与将来事实相反 过去将来时 15 1 Iwish 他再试一次 hewouldtryagain 2 Iwish 和你一样年轻 Iwereasyoungasyou 3 Iwish 我看过这部电影 Ihadseenthatfilm 4 Iwish 我将来当个医生 Iwouldbecomeadoctor 16 二 advise ask demand desire decide insist 坚决要求 order propose request suggest 建议 表示请求 要求 命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气 起虚拟语气的结构为 should 原形动词 Theteacheradvisedthatweshouldmakegooduseofeveryminutehere ThePartyaskedthatweshouldservethepeoplewithourheartandsoul 17 三 Itissuggested requested desired proposed that 后接主语从句时advice desire order plan recommendation request requirement suggestion wish充当句子的主语后接同位语从句 或表语从句时 从句中都用 should do 18 WefollowedhisadvicethatweshouldaskourteacherforhelpHetoldushisideathatheshouldgotouniversityHissuggestionisthatweshoulddoourworkmorecarefully Theirplanisthattheyshouldbuildanewfactoryintheirhometown Itissuggestedthatheshouldgotovisithisoldfriend 19 四 asif though 从句用虚拟语气 与现在事实相反 一般过去时 与过去事实相反 过去完成时 表示将来的可能性不大 would might could 动词原形 Iloveyouasif 你是我儿子 youweremyson Theytalkedasif 以前见过面 Theyhadmeteachotherbefore Theyarehappyasif 他们要去月球了 Theywouldgotomoon 20 五 Itis high timethat到了 的时候了 Itistimethat 过去时Itwastimethat 过去完成时 六 wouldrather宁愿 用法同wish asif 七 ifonly要是 就好了 用法同上 21 1 Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents twoweekstopreparefortheexam A giveB shouldgiveC begivenD wouldbegiven Exercise 2 WangLing oneofmyfriends isverygoodatEnglish HespeaksEnglishasifhe anEnglishman A wereB wouldbeC havebeenD hadbeen 22 3 morecareful hisshipwouldnothavesunk A IfthecaptainwereB HadthecaptainbeenC ShouldthecaptainbeD Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen 4 IfonlyI howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo A hadknownB wouldknowC shouldknowD knew 23 5 Robertwishesthathe businessinsteadofhistory