重庆市北大附中重庆实验学校高三英语《情态动词》复习课件.ppt

情态动词modalverbs 常用的情态动词 can could may might shall should will would must must dare dared need need havetooughttobeabletousedtohadbetter 表示说话人的语气或情绪情态动词有一定的意义 但不完整不能单独作谓语动词 必须和动词原形一起构成谓语无人称和数的变化 在情态动词的使用中 我们要注意以下考点 1 表示能力 许可的情态动词的用法 2 表示否定的情态动词的用法 3 shall和will的多种意义的区别 4 情态动词短语的使用 5 情态动词表示推测的使用 6 虚拟语气中情态动词的使用 表示能力 can could beableto beableto能用于各种时态 can could只能表示现在或过去的能力 was wereableto 设法做成某事 相当于managedtodosth succeededindoingsth 1 表示能力 许可的情态动词的用法 1 acomputer thinkforitself itmustbetoldwhattodo a can tb couldn tc maynotd mightnot 2 thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone getout a hadtob wouldc couldd wasableto a d 3 theywill runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths canb couldc mayd beableto4 thatbigcinema seat2 000people a canb shouldc oughttod isableto d a 表示许可 may might can could might could比较委婉 一般多用于疑问句 can may表达的语言比较随便 在以could might表示征询对方意见或表示请求时 回答应相应使用can may 5 couldiborrowyourdictionary yes ofcourseyou a mightb willc cand should6 mightiwatchtvaftersupper yes you a mayb mustc mightd can c a 2 表示否定的情态动词的用法 部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一 mustn tneedn tcan tmaynotshouldn t 不准 禁止没必要 don thaveto 不能 不可能不可以 可能不不应该 oughtnotto 7 you returnthebooknow youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike can tb mustn tc needn td maynot8 johnny you playwiththeknife you hurtyourself a won t can tb mustn t mayc shouldn t mustd can t shouldn t c b 9 willyoustayforlunch sorry mybrotheriscomingtoseeme a imustn tb ican tc ineedn td iwon t10 mayipickaflowerinthegarden a no youneedn tb not please c no youmustn td no youwon t b c 情态动词 shall will的多种意义 shall will 动词原形 shall可表示必须 命令 警告或征询意见 will可表示意愿 常出现的动作 在疑问句中表示请求和建议 均可表示将来 过去时为should would 3 shall用在主语是第一和第三人称的疑问句中表示征求对方的允诺 shalliopenthewindow shallhecomeinorwaitoutside will用在主语是第二人称的疑问句中 表示 请求 wouldyoupassthesalt please willyoupleasepassthesalt will用于主语是各人称的陈述句中 表示 意愿 倾向 thephoneisringing i llgetit 11 he bepunishedifhedisobeys 如果他不服从 就要受到惩罚 12 wearenotgoingtoquarrelatallifyou onlyletmespeak 只要你让我说话 我们根本就不会吵架 13 sir hegoorstay lethimgo a willb shallc mightd could shall will b 14 thedoor open 这门经常打不开 15 ronald stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast a couldb mightc shouldd would16 you havethebookafterireadit 我看完以后一定把这本书给你 won t d shall 4 情态动词短语的使用 wouldliketodo wouldratherdo wouldrather sb didsth wouldprefertodo hadbetterdo 改错 1 wouldyoulikehavingsometea 2 i dprefergoingtothelecturethisevening 3 i dratheryoutogotothemeeting 4 hewouldrathertodiethantogivein 5 you dbettertohaveyourhaircuttoday wouldyouliketohavesometea i dprefertogoto youwentto hewouldratherdiethangivein you dbetterhave 5 表示推测 情态动词的重要用法 1 youmustbemrsmith iwastoldtoexpectyouhere 2 hemusthaveknownwhatwewanted 3 wemayhavereadthesamereport 4 hecan thavesleptthroughallthatnoise 5 there ssomeoneoutside whocanitbe 6 whatcantheybedoing 7 thesepillsmighthelptocureyourdisease 8 youcouldberight isuppose 表示推测 情态动词的重要用法 肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测 must 对将来对现在对过去 情态动词 may mightcould can t couldn t can could v v havedone常见mustbe bedoing v v havedone bedoing可以用not表示 可能不 v v havedone bedoing v v havedone bedoing 高考考题 1 ithoughtyou likesomethingtoread soihavebroughtyousomebooks a mayb mightc wouldd must2 whereismypen i it a mightloseb wouldhavelostc shouldhavelostd musthavelost3 ididn thearthephone i asleep a mustbeb musthavebeenc shouldbed shouldhavebeen b d b 4 therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell it acomfortablejourneya can tbeb shouldn tbec mustn thavebeend couldn thavebeen5 it snearlyseveno clock jack behereatanymoment a mustb needc shouldd could d d 不同的 肯定 程度可按下列层次排列 heisathome 事实 hemustbeathome 非常肯定的推断 hecouldbeathome 很可能 heoughttobeathome 很可能 hemaybeathome 仅仅可能而已 hemightbeathome 或许 非常不确定 hemightnotbeathome 也许不在家 hemaynotbeathome 比might可能 hecouldn tbeathome 很可能不在家 hecan tbeathome 一定不在家 heisn tathome 事实 6 用于虚拟语气的情态动词 should oughttohavedoneshouldn t oughtn ttohavedonemight couldhavedoneneedn thavedone 本应该做 但事实没做 本来不应该做 但事实却做了 本来可以做 但事实没这样做 本来不需要做 但事实却做了 1 iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou you homewithoutaword a mustn tleaveb shouldn thaveleftc couldn thaveleftd needn tleave2 therewasalotoffunatyesterday sparty you come butwhydidn tyou a musthaveb shouldc needhaved oughttohave b d 3 istayedatahotelwhileinnewyork