每日一句翻译53-67.doc

53.Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice.主干识别: Creating a “European identity”is no easy task and demands a strategic choice.其他成分：that respects the different cultures and traditions “European identity”的定语从句 which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent （根据go可以判定这个定语从句是在修饰cultures and traditions而不 是“European identity)翻译点拨：词汇的处理： go to make up ：go to 可以不翻译，直接翻译为 make up (组成）； European identity 欧洲的身份/认同 定语的处理： 较短的定语可以翻译到被修饰的名词前： Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions is no easy task and demands a strategic choice. 创造一个尊重不同的文化和传统的欧洲的认同不是一个简单的事情并且需要做出战略的选择。 较长的定语可以单独成句： which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent 在单独成句的过程中处理带有多个定语的宾语： the connecting fabric of the Old Continent 这个地方可以先翻前置定语，再翻后置定语：连接古老大陆的纽带 单独成句： 这些文化和传统构成了连接古老大陆的纽带。参考译文：创造一个尊重不同的文化和传统的欧洲的认同不是一个简单的事情并且需要做出战略的选择，这些文化和传统构成了连接古老大陆的纽带。54This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.主干识别：This alone demonstrates that 其他成分：the television business is not an easy world to survive in.宾语从句a fact 宾语从句的同位语underlined by statistics “fact”的定语that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. “statistics”的定语翻译点拨：词汇的处理: This alone :仅这一点Underlined:强调 out of 在中 took a loss亏损 句子成分的处理： 主句+宾从 This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in 仅这一点就表明在电视行业不是一个容易生存的领域。 同位语单独从句a fact underlined by statistics 一些统计数据强调了这个事实； （数据强调事实不太通顺，怎么改？ ） 一些统计数据更说明了这个事实； 定语从句的处理： that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. 数据表明在80家欧洲电视网中1989年出现亏损的不少于50%。参考译文：仅这一点就表明在电视行业不是一个容易生存的领域。一些统计数据更说明了这个事实；数据表明在80家欧洲电视网中1989年出现亏损的不少于50%。55特别习惯这样有规律的工作和生活方式了；看着同学们每天在空间中来来往往，满足感会油然而生；大隐于市，可能就是这个意思。无论什么时候，什么事情都要笃定于自己的目标，不被外界所干扰，耐得住寂寞，受得了孤独，只有这样才能终有所成！While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. 主干识别： it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. 其他成分： While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories，让步状语从句翻译点拨： 词汇的处理： while虽然 comment评论，见解 stories 新闻报道 preferable 最好. notions of significance对重要性的理解 主干的处理： it is preferable for journalists to rely on. 记者们最好依靠.参考译文： 尽管律师的见解和反应有助于提高新闻报道（的质量），但新闻记者最好依靠他们自己对重要性的理解并做出自己的判断。56In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.主干识别：it is difficult to see how journalists can do a competent job on political stories.其他成分：who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution定语从句翻译点拨：词汇点拨： Grasp掌握和了解 basic features基本特征 competent称职的 political stories 政治新闻 it is difficult to see 很难设想 成分的点拨： 先翻译定语从句可以翻译到主语前修饰主语： journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution 那些对于加拿大宪法的基本特征没有清晰的了解的记者们参考译文： 实际上，很难想象那些对于加拿大宪法的基本特征没有清晰了解的记者们是如何能胜任政治新闻报道工作的。57We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished，as the people who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.主干识别：We are obliged to them 其他成分：because some of these languages have since vanished，状语从句 as the people who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.状语从句中的原因状语从句翻译点拨：词汇的处理 1）be obliged to感激，感谢某人 极少有人能译对这个词组，多数人根据oblige的常用意思译为“被迫”，“有义务”，都不符原文。一词多义很重要！ 2）have since vanished从那以后就消失了，不复存在了；此处的since 表示 “从此以后”之意； 3）die out 消失 4）native languages母语 成分的处理： some of these languages have since vanished 从此以后，这些语言中的一部分消失了 the people who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages 讲这些语言的人要么灭绝了，要么被同化了，因而丧失了自己的语言 再用相应的关联词将句子连接起来。参考译文：我们之所以感激他们，是因为从此以后，这些语言中的一部分消失了，因为讲这些语言的人要么灭绝了，要么被同化了，因而丧失了自己的58The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the wellstudied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.主干识别：这是一个带有结果状语从句的系表结构，主句系表结构的框架为： The languages were so different from. that 各种语言是如此的不同，以至于其他成分：结果状语：some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.一些学者甚至指责Boas 和Sapir编造了他们的资料 定语：The newly described languages 这些新近被描述的语言 介词from 的宾语：the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia 经过充分研究的欧洲和东南亚的语言翻译点拨: 翻译此句的关键在于掌握结构原文的so . that （如此以至于）结构； accused sb. of sth. (指责谴责某人作了某事)， fabricating（捏造, 伪造, 虚构）， The newly described（这些新近被描述的）， strikingly different（显著的不同）， the well studied languages（经过充分研究的各种语言）的准确译法。 此句难点有三处： 1） strikingly different 差别显著 许多人不理解strikingly，要么不译，要么错译为“严格不同”，“完全差别”。 2） sothat (如此) 以至于 由于sothat间隔长，有的考生看不道这一句法结构，错把that后的从句当作South Asia的定语，译文语义混乱。 3） fabricating 编造 这个词许多人不认识，错译为 “构造”，“修饰”，“弄错”或“修改”。参考译文： 这些新近被描述的各种语言与经过充分研究的欧洲和东南亚的语言是如此的显著的不同，以至于一些学者甚至指责Boas 和Sapir编造了他们的资料。59Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. 主干识别：Scientists jumped to the rescue 其他成分：with some distinctly shaky evidence状语 to the effect状语 that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. “evidence”的同位语翻译点拨：词汇的处理： jumped to the rescue 充满介入Shaky evidence 站不住脚的，不具说服力的； to the effect that 其大意是 control them（ insects） 控制昆虫的数量 成分的处理： 1.with some distinctly shaky 介词短语可以单独处理为一个句子。 介词短语的逻辑主语就是前面的科学家，翻译时可以根据增词的原则增加动词“提出” 两种处理：1.提出了站不住脚的证据 2.提出的证据站不住脚 2. to the effect that 例句：A：What did Prof. Lindsay say in his speech?B：He spoke to the effect that the same symbol carries different implication or association in different cultures.A：林塞教授在他的演讲中讲了些什么？B：他大意是说，“同样一个象征符号在不同的文化中却有着不同的含义，使人产生不同的联想”因此原句可以处理为：to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.其大意是，如果鸟类不能控制昆虫 的数量，昆虫便会吞噬我们人类参考译文：科学家们急忙介入，但提出的证据显然站不住脚，其大意是，如果鸟类不能控制昆虫的数量，昆虫便会吞噬我们人类60We are required to look into our hearts, spark our hopes,and fire our imaginations. Its time to turn a page on the environmental protection.Everyone must have the chance to Choose their own tomorrow free from the shadows of yesterday.But for all those who scratched and clawed their way to get a piece of the American dream ,Sunrise industries ,such as computers ,micro-electronics,robotics,and fiber optics-all are creating a new world of opportunities.but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.主干识别: we have at least drawn near the point其他成分：of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us. 可以单独成句的定语； as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.状语翻译点拨：词汇的处理 intrinsic right 固有的权利 at least 至少 the presence or absence存在和不存在 成分的处理： 主句： we have at least drawn near the point of admitting 我们至少可以近乎承认，先翻状语：regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us. 无论鸟类能否为我们带来了经济利益 birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right 鸟类继续活下去都是其固有的权利。参考译文：我们至少可以近乎承认，无论鸟类能否为我们带来经济利益，鸟类继续存活下去都是其固有的权利。 当然我们可以修改一下简洁一些： 我们至少可以承认，无论鸟类能否为我们带来经济利益，鸟类都有活下去的权利。61Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on worthless species.主干识别：Time was when主系表结构其他成分：biologists somewhat over worded the evidence 表语从句that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, evidence的同位语从句之一or that they prey only on worthless species.evidence的同位语从句之二翻译点拨：词汇点拨： Game 猎物 Preserve保持the physically weak 体弱者 prey 猎杀 somewhat或多或少 over worded 过多的提及（滥用） 成分的点拨： Time was when= there was time when 曾经有段时间，同位语从句的处理： ： 或者 “即，”“也就是说” 成分的处理： biologists somewhat over worded the evidence生物学家或多或少滥用了一种证据，that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak,即这些生物通过杀死体弱者来保持种群的健康，or that they prey only on worthless species.或者说它们仅仅捕食没有价值的物种。 参考译文：曾经有段时间，生物学家或多或少滥用了一种证据，即这些生物通过杀死体弱者来保持种群的健康，或者说它们仅仅仅捕食没有价值的物种。62In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.主干识别：the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community （the non-commercial tree species are） to be preserved as such其他成分： In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced状语 within reason状语翻译点拨： 词汇点拨： Ecologically生态 non-commercial tree species 没有商业价值的树种（非经济类树种） native forest community 当地森林群落 as such 相应的 within reason 在合理的范围之内 例句：The Clinton campaign has been low in expectations all day and it seems within reason. 克林顿竞选团已经放低了他们这些天的期望,看起来是有道理的. Preserved 保护 成分点拨： 先翻状语1： In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced 在林业生态更为发达的欧洲， （将ecologically转译为名词） 再翻主句和状语： the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community没有商业价值的树种被合理地看成是当地森林群落的成员 to be preserved as such 并得到了相应的保护参考译文： 在林业生态更为发达的欧洲，没有商业价值的树种被合理地看成是当地森林群落的成员，并得到相应的保护。63It（a system of conservation）tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.主干识别：It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community其他成分：that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.修饰many elements 的定语（根据动词lack可以判断出修饰elements ,因为land community 为单数）翻译点拨：词汇的处理： 代词it 直接翻译不太妥当，指代上文中的a system of conservation保护系统 land community陆地群落 commercial value 商业价值 healthy functioning 健康运行 eliminate去除 成分处理： 主句： It（a system of conservation）tends to ignore many elements in the land community. 这种保护系统往往忽视陆地群落中的很多物种（elements） It（a system of conservation）tends to thus eventually eliminate many elements. 这种保护系统往往最终导致它们的灭绝. 并列的两个谓语 定语： that lack commercial value that are essential to its healthy functioning将定语加到其中一个句子的宾语中。先翻第一句，再翻第二句。参考译文：这种保护系统往往忽视陆地群落中诸多缺乏商业价值、但对其健康运行至关重要的物种，而最终导致它们的灭绝。64Allens contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature. 主干识别：Allens contribution was to take an assumption and reveal its erroneous nature其他成分：we all share 定语 that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts（assumption）的同位语从句（because 引导同位语从句中的原因状语从句）翻译点拨：词汇点拨：Assumption 假说 ，看法（take assumption 研究一个看法） Erroneous 错误的 成分点拨： 先翻同位语从句： an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts 在这里可以翻译为： 我们每个人都认同这样的看法：因为我们不是机器人，所以我们能够控制我们的思想 但是也可以省略掉assumption： 我们每个人都同意，我们不是机器人，因此能够控制我们的思想； 结论：某些同位语从句的被修饰词是可以不翻译的。 再翻主句： Allens contribution was to take an assumption and reveal its erroneous nature 艾伦的贡献在于研究了这一假说并揭示了其错误的本质。参考译文： 我们每个人都认同这样的看法：我们自己不是机器人，因此能够控制我们的思想；爱伦的贡献在于他研究了这一假说，并揭示其错误的本质。65while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?主干识别：we are continually faced with a question其他成分：while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone 让步状语从句 “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? a question的同位语从句 in reality 状语翻译点拨：词汇点拨： While 虽然Sustain 维持 Illusion 幻觉 Conscious 有意识的 Continually 一直 成分点拨： 先翻让步状语从句： while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, 虽然我们可能仅通过有意识的思维就能维持控制的幻觉， （Conscious mind 可以直接翻译为 “意识”，conscious的修饰在中文中是多余的） 再翻状语和主句： 但事实上，我们却要一直面临一个问题：我们为什么不能让自己去做这件事情或去实现那个目标呢？参考译文：虽然我们可能只需要通过意识就能维持控制的幻觉，但事实上，我们却要一直面临一个问题：我们为什么不能让自己去做这件事情或去实现那个目标呢？66This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationaliz