M1 UNIT3 复习学案.doc

M1 UNIT3 复习学案.汉译英1节食 2保持健康3渴望，想要 4运动，锻炼；计算，解决5准备好去做 6独立， 独自7对感到羞愧 8从肝脏衰竭中恢复9与我完全相配 10把捐献11为感到难为情 12把集中在上13事实上 14立即，马上15体重增加 16从长远角度看17副作用 18冒险做某事19连同，随同 20秘密地.完成句子1I think you look great as you_ are. 我觉得你这样就很好。2This is not a family where bad behavior goes unpunished. 这个家可不是一个对不良行为听之任之的地方。3Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports. 步行和骑自行车都有用，学校里的体育活动也有用。4I used to go to the gym three times a week, but I dont work out any more. 我以前也常去健身房，一周三次，但我现在不锻炼了。5My mother is right: dont damage your health for a slim and attractive figure. It isnt worth it. 我母亲说的对：不要为苗条迷人的身材而伤害身体，那样不太值。6Its the same in Chinamany people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weightloss pills, which are often dangerous. 在中国也是一样的情况许多人，包括有些根本就不超重的人，总是在节食，或者是吃减肥药片，这些做法往往是危险的。 单词点睛1.recovervt.& vi.重新获得，找回；恢复(能力、健康)，痊愈recovery n恢复； 痊愈； 复苏recoverable adj. 能找回的， 重新获得的recover from 恢复，复原recover oneself 恢复知觉；重新控制自己的情绪recover sth from sb/sth 从找回；重获【活学活用】(1)那次突发事件后，她很快恢复过来，又重新面带微笑。After the emergency, she quickly and smiled again.(2)我们提前出发把失去的时间补了回来。We by setting out early.(3)羊毛市场已经从前些时候的疲软状况恢复过来了。The wool market has its earlier weakness.2.failurenC失败的人或事；U失败；U，C 倒闭；衰退，衰弱；故障，失灵fail v失败， 不及格；不足，衰退 n. (考试)不及格heart/liver failure 心脏/肝脏衰竭fail in sth 在某事中失败fail to do sth 未能做成某事【活学活用】(1)我数学及格，但语文不及格。I passed in maths, but Chinese.(2)他总是未能实现他的诺言。He is always 3.matchn相匹配的东西或人， 对手，匹敌者；比赛；火柴 vi. & vt.(颜色、品质、设计等)与相配；(能力上)与相当，敌得过matchless adj. 无比的，无双的matchmaker n. 媒人amatch for 的对手no match for 不是对手 meet ones match 棋逢对手match A with B 使A与B相配合、相适应match A against B 使A与B相较量、竞争strike a match 划火柴 a close match 一场势均力敌的比赛with no match in the world 举世无双【词语辨析】 match，fit与suit(1)match 意为“与相配，与相称；使较量”，一般指两样东西互相匹配或两人的能力势均力敌、互为对手。如：I want a tie to match my suit. 我需要一条领带配我的西服。I think the curtains dont quite match the paint of the wall. 我认为窗帘与墙漆不很匹配。No one can match him in the basketball in our school.在篮球运动方面我校没人能与他匹敌。(2)fit 多作及物动词用，意为“适合，使适合”，一般指衣着大小合身。另有“与相符合”之意。如：The coat fits her nicely/perfectly. 这件大衣很合她的身。Will the key fit the lock?(3)suit 意为“适合”，指气候、食物、时间、花色、款式、设计、质地等适合某人，从而使人感到愉快、满意。如：What time suits you best? Will it suit you if I come around at four?什么时间对你最合适？如果我大约四点钟去，这合适吗？Thats OK.合适。The color/food/weather doesnt suit her. 这颜色/食物/气候不适合她。It doesnt suit you to have your hair cut short.剪短头发不适合你。【活学活用】(1)How about eight o clock outside the cinema? That _ me fine. Afits Bmeets Csatisfies Dsuits(2)To be frank, I dont think that the carpets and the curtains in your room _ well. Afit Bsuit Cmatch Dgo(3)As for listening, youd better buy some tapes to _ the textbooks. Amatch with Bsuit Cfit for Dgo with4.affectvt. 对有影响，发生作用； (疾病)侵袭，感染； 使有同情之感，感动affection n. 感情；喜爱，钟爱effect n. 影响；效果，作用effective adj. 有效的；生效的；实际的，事实上的effectual adj. 有效的，奏效的efficient adj. 有效率的，高效能的sufficient adj. 充分的，足够的take effect 生效；实施，实行 be in effect 有效，生效have side effect 有副作用 have an influence on 对有影响come/go into effect 开始生效 put/bring/carry into effect使生效，实现have a(an) good/bad/ill/side/immediate/instant effect on 对有好/坏/不良/负面/立即的影响【活学活用】(1)Though the long term _ cannot be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee.Aaffect BEffect Ceffort Dafford(2)The slight change of weather can _ her delicate health.Ainfluence BAffect Ceffect Dafford (3)Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter _ physical and mental health.Aof; at Bby; in Cof; on Don; at(4)The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area.Ain BOn Cat Dwith(5)When we plan our vacation, mother often offers _ suggestions. Acareful BPractical Ceffective Dacceptable6.countvt.计算，把算在内；把看作 vi.起作用，有价值；数数n.计数，计算countless adj. 数不尽的 countable adj. 可数的count in 把考虑/计算在内 count out 不把算在内；数出count down 倒计数，倒计时 count on/upon 依靠，依赖，指望count up to 达到，共计 count for 对有价值，有重要性countas 认为(相当于regard/treat/consideras)Count ones chickens before they are hatched. 打某人的如意算盘。【活学活用】(1)Will $ 200 _？ Im afraid not. We need at least 50 more dollars. Acount BSatisfy Cfit Ddo(2)The manager says he needs an assistant that he can _ to deal with the problems that may occur in his absence. Adepend Bturn up Ccount up Dcount on7.containvt. 包含，容纳； 控制，抑制container n. 容器，集装箱 containment n. 控制，抑制【词语辨析】 contain与include两者都有“包含，包括”之意，但contain意为“have or hold sth in itself”，侧重“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物；而include意为“have sb/sth as a part of a whole”，表示“包括”，侧重包含者只是整体中的一部分，均不用于进行时态。如： He found a wallet containing $ 1,000. 他发现了一个内装1,000美元的钱包。 The price includes the postage charges. 价格里面包括了邮资费。【注意事项】 常用include的现在分词或过去分词来做解释说明，意为“其中包括”。结构为：including sb/sth sb/sth included。如： The atlas contains forty maps, including three of Great Britain. 这本地图册内含四十幅地图，其中包括了三张英国地图。 At least twenty people were killed, two children included. 至少有20人遇难，其中包括两名儿童【活学活用】How much is the rent of the house, Mrs. Sandra?One hundred dollars, the electricity and telephone fee _.Acontained BcontainingCincluding Dincluded8.damagevt. 损害，损坏，损伤；对某人、某物有不利的影响 n. U损失，损害，损毁；pl. 损害赔偿金damage ones reputation损害某人的声誉cause damage to sb/sthdamage sb/sth 损害、损伤某人/某物【词语辨析】damage, destroy, ruin, hurt, wound, injure, harm, pain与ache(1)damage意为“破坏，损坏”，着重指事物的价值或功能受到破坏或损坏，常常是局部的，或是可能修复的。作名词时常用于do little/a lot of/much damage to的结构中。如：The hurricane damaged many houses. 飓风破坏了许多房子。 (2)destroy只能作动词用，其表示的损害程度远大于damage，一般指较大损害且已不能被挽救或修复，本意是“摧毁，毁掉，消灭”。destroy还可以用于比喻意，如：destroy ones hopes, career, reputation 毁掉某人的希望、事业、名誉。 (3)ruin可作名词，也可作动词，强调毁灭的彻底性，并且是一次性的行为。这种毁灭也许力量不是很大，但其严重性却使其不能修复。它强调的是破坏的长期结果。如：The storm ruined the crops. 暴风雨毁掉了庄稼。 (4)hurt为一般用语，作动词用时，可以指“(肉体上的轻微)伤害”，也可以指“(精神上的)伤害”。此外，hurt作不及物动词时，意为“痛”。如：He hurt his leg when he fell off the ladder.他从楼梯上摔下来的时候伤了腿。 (5)wound作动词时，一般指在战斗、战争、搏斗中受到“枪伤，刀伤”等。如：She was wounded in the back by a bullet. 她的后背被一颗子弹打伤了。 (6)injure常指由于意外事故而引起的肉体上的损伤；或指由于不公正的行为造成对人或物在名誉、价值、精神等方面的损害，强调故意伤害。如：The rumor injured/harmed his reputation.流言损害了他的名声。(7)harm意为“伤害”，常指对有生命的或无生命的人或物的伤害，从而影响其健全、正常的发展，使其不再像原来那么完整、美丽或像原来那么有价值。如：He smokes too much, which harms him a lot/does him a lot of harm. 他烟吸得利害，这对他造成了很大的伤害。 (8)pain常用作名词，有时也可以作动词，表示严重的伤痛、心痛或悲痛(精神上的苦痛)。如：He has a pain in the arm.他手臂痛。(9)ache一般是指身体的某个部位的疼痛，相当于hurt。作为名词常出现在复合词中。如：I have an ache in the arm.我手臂痛。 (1)Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had _ his leg.Adamaged Bhurt Chit Dstruck(2)My chest _ when I make a deep breath, doctor.Aharms Bwounds Churts Dinjures (3)What happened to the priceless works of art?_.AThey were destroyed in the earthquakeBThe earthquake was destroying themCThey destroyed in the earthquakeDThe earthquake destroyed them(4)An earthquake struck this area, _ a lot of damages.Amaking Bcausing Cdone Dcaused(5)The cook had _ the soup by putting too much salt in it.Ahurt Bruined Cdamaged Dharmed9.riskvt. & n. 冒险，危险risk doing sth 冒险做某事 at the risk of doing sth 冒做某事的危险at your own risk 自担风险，责任自负 take/run the risk of doing sth 冒做某事的危险【活学活用】He thinks we shouldnt go ahead with the plan because of the _ of failure.Afuture BpressureCworry DriskII短语存储1work out【用法点拨】(1)练习，锻炼(常用于口语)。The doctor advised her not to take the weightloss pills any more but work out for a certain time every day. 医生建议她不要再吃减肥药，而是每天锻炼一定的时间。(2)计算出，解决(问题)。Can you work out how much money it will cost? 你能计算出它将花费多少钱吗？I spent a whole day trying to work out the ten words in the word puzzle.我花了一整天的时间解字谜中的十个单词。(3)详细拟定(计划、方案等)。He worked out all the details of the plan.他详细拟定了那项计划。(4)理解，明白，相当于understand。The plot is very complicated; itll take you a while to work it out. (5)被努力地完成，被巧妙地处理。I hope the new project will work out well.我希望新项目能顺利完成。(6)(结果)成为，按某种方式发生。Financially，things have worked out very well for us.我们的经济情况很好。work on 从事 work at 致力于的研究work off 通过干活使消除掉，发泄 work up 逐步发展work up to sth 逐渐走到(更高或更深的程度) at work 在工作in work 有工作 out of work 失业【活学活用】(1)We wanted to get home before dark, but it didnt _ as planned.Amake out Bturn outCwork out Dcome out(2)We didnt plan our art exhibition like that, but it _ very well.Aworked out Btried outCwent on Dcarried out2used to do过去常常做be used to do/for doing sth被用来做某事be/get used to sth/doing sth 习惯于某事/做某事use sth to do sth 用某物做某事 【词语辨析】 used to, would与will(1)表示“过去常常”用would或used to：would只是强调过去常常发生的动作；而used to却强调今昔对比，即过去常常发生的动作现在已经不再发生。如：Edison would spend time reading in the public library. 爱迪生过去常常花时间在公共图书馆读书。I used to get up late but now I get up early.我过去起床晚，但现在我起得早了。(2)表示“现在常常”用will：表示现在的习惯动作，特有的行为和社会风尚，常意为“总是，老是”。如：She will sit talking to him for hours.她老是和他坐下来谈上好几个小时。 【活学活用】(1)She _ listen to records, alone in her room for hours. We just wont interrupt her, for we know this is her usual way to stay in peace.Amight BMust Cwill Dshould(2)They _ live in the country and then they moved into the city.Awould Bwere used to Cused to Dought to(3)Jack _ turn to his teacher for help when he ran across difficult problems in study, but now he _ solving them on his own.Aused to; used to Bused to; is used toCwas used to; used to Dwas used to; is used to4in the long term就长期而言，从长远角度看in the short term 就短期而言in the short run 从短期来看，不久in terms of 从角度，从方面 in ones terms 就某人看来in relative terms 相对而言 on equal/the same terms在平等的/相同的条件下be on good/bad terms with sb 与某人的关系好/不好【活学活用】(1)_ achievement, last weeks ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.AIn terms of BIn case ofCAs a result of DIn the face of(2)The book has been well received, but _ actual sales, it hasnt been very successful.Ain terms of Bin term ofCconsidering to Dwith regarding to(3)They have always been on good _ with their neighbours.Afriendship BrelationsCterms Dconnections5in no time立刻，马上at a time 一次，每次 at one time 一度，曾经(once)at the same time 与此同时；虽然如此 from time to time 时而，不时地in time 及时；迟早，终究 on time 准时，按时for a time 一度，一时 for the time being 暂时for some time 一段时间 at no time 任何时候都不，从来没有at times 有时 all the time 一直【活学活用】(1)_， I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me, “Keep on working hard, youll succeed _.”AAt a time; in timeBAt a time; on timeCAt one time; in timeDAt one time; on time(2)I have a few dictionaries. I can get the meaning of the phrase for you _.Ain time Bin no timeCat the same time Dfor a timeIII 句型透视1Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports.行走和骑自行车就算，在学校里进行的体育活动也算。 句型公式so助动词/系动词be/情态动词主语，表示“某人/某物也” 【注意事项】这种结构的主语不同于前面提到的主语，而是指其他的人或物也有类似的情况。如：He is divorced, and so am I. 他离了婚，我也离了婚。Mary can speak Chinese, and so can her elder brother. 【知识拓展】(1)如果so表示强调， 即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时， 其结构是“so主语助动词/系动词be/情态动词”，这里的主语同前一个句子的主语，指的是同一人或物。如： She knows little English. So she does.她英语懂得不多，她的确如此。(2)前面既有肯定又有否定或两个谓语时用，so it is/was with，so it is the same with，the same is true of, this is true of, as is often the case with等。如： He likes apples and he doesnt go to school by bus，so it is (the same) with her.他喜欢苹果不喜欢乘公交车上学，她也一样。It is just the same with our family. 我们家的情形也一样。 (3)neither/nor 助动词/系动词be/情态动词主语，表示“某人/某物也不”。如：You dont like this book. Neither/Nor do I.你不喜欢这本书，我也不喜欢。【活学活用】(1)If Joes wife wont go to the party, _.Ahe will either Bneither will he Che neither will Deither he will(2)My room gets very cold at night._.ASo is mine BSo mine is CSo does mine DSo mine does(3)David has made great progress recently._， and _.ASo he has; so