2010年12月大学英语四级词汇活记活用.doc

2010年12月大学英语四级词汇活记活用1,Peoples expectations about the future may have more influence on their sense of well-being than their _ state does.A) currentB) initialC) modernD) primitivecurrent：a. 流通的,现在的,最近的initial：a. 最初的，开始的;modern：a. 现代的,时髦的primitive：a. 原始的,上古的,expectation:n. 期待,指望,展望influence：n. 影响，作用;vt. 影响，作用well-being：n.健康,幸福,福利2,After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no _ to go to the party with us.A) tasteB) moodC) senseD) emotiontaste:n. 味道,品味,味觉;v. 尝,体会mood:n. 心情,气氛sense:n. 意思，意味，感觉，感知，见识，判断能力，意识，理智;vt. 觉得，意识到emotion:n. 情感，激动，激情3,There is already _ clear to show that plants and animals are being affected by climate change.A) witnessB) certificationC) identityD) evidenceclimate:n. 气候affect：vt. 影响，作用，感动witness:n. 证人,目击者,证据;v. 目击,作证,证明certification:n. 出证明identity:n. 相同,身份,一致evidence:n. 根据，证据，迹象4,Many women still feel that they are being _ by a male culture, particularly in the professional services sector.A) held backB) held forthC) held onD) held outsector：vt. 部门，区域，(数学)扇区particularly：ad. 特别，尤其hold back：，阻碍;退缩;隐瞒hold forth：大发议论,夸夸其谈hold on：握紧;等候hold out：持续;伸出professional：n. 专业人才;a. 专业的,职业的5,The findings paint a unique picture of the shopping habits of customers, plus their motivation and _.A) privilegesB) possibilitiesC) possessionsD) preferencesfinding:n. 发现,发现物paint:v. 绘，画，给上油漆，描绘;n. 绘画作品，油漆，颜料unique:a. 独一无二的,独特的,稀罕的plus:prep. 加上,加,增加motivation:n. 动机,刺激,推动privilege:n. 特权，优惠，恩典，荣幸possibility: n. 可能性,可能的事possession:n. 所有,财产,领土preference:n. 偏爱,优先,喜爱物1,答案:A参考译文:人们对于未来的期望,相比于他们当前的状况，可能更多的影响他们的意识。题目分析:题干为一个简单句，主语部分为Peoples expectations about the future，情态动词may，动词have，宾语部分为一个比较结构，more influence on their sense of well-being than their current state does.考点解析：expectation:n. 期待,指望,展望 由动词expect派生而来，应联系起来记忆。influence：n. 影响，作用;vt. 影响，作用注意：influence的英语解释为：an effect on someone or something without the use of direct force or command.influence所指的影响并非直接作用而产生的影响,尤其指一些潜移默化,日积月累的影响。have influence on sth.对某物施加影响四个选项的意思比较接近,A,C项相对比较简单,但应注意两个单词不常涉及的意思.current可以表示为流通的,而modern可以表示为时髦的.B,D两项是四六级比较容易考到的词汇,应牢记其意思.2,答案:B参考译文:工作一整天以后,她累得没心情和我们一起去那个聚会了.题目分析:题干为so.that.引导的结果状语从句,After working all day为分词短语作状语.考点解析：备选项的四个词汇是意思比较容易弄混的一组词汇,尤其是sense意思比较多,务必牢记每个单词的意思.so.that.这个看似简单的词组在写作中是一个很好的句子结构.in (no)mood to do sth.(没)有心情做某事3,答案：D参考译文：有证据清楚的显示，植物和动物受到气候变化的影响。题目分析：There is already evidence clear to show为there be句型，that plants and animals are being affected by climate change为show引导的宾语从句。考点解析：注意：affect和effect是一组容易混淆的词汇，affect只有作动词时，做影响和作用的意思。而effect只有作名词时，做影响的意思。本题四个备选项都可作名词，故需区分四个单词的意思。certification由动词certify派生而来，identity由动词identify派生而来。并且将evidence和其形容词evident联系起来记忆。4,答案：A参考译文:很多女性仍然觉得他们被男性文化所阻碍，尤其是在一些专业的服务部门。题目分析:Many women still feel that they are being held back by a male culture为feel引导的宾语从句，particularly in the professional services sector做宾语补足语，对宾语的补充说明。考点分析:本题主要考查动词hold与一些介词搭配形成的短语的意思。拓展：动词hold与其它介词搭配的意思hold down：压制;压低hold off：延迟;使离开hold over：继续;以.威胁hold up：抢劫;举起.展示hold with：赞成;容忍5,答案：D来源：考试大参考译文：这些发现描绘了一幅消费者的消费习惯的独一无二的情景，以及他们的动机和喜好。题目分析:题干是一简单句，要注意多重所有格的翻译，有连接词and判断出答案与motivation相并列的词语.考点讲解：根据题干中所填空前的and，可以判断所填词语是一个与motivation并列的词语，即是个名词而且意思与movitation相近。四个选项全部是名词，需要判断他们的意思。preference表示“喜好，偏好”，故应选D项。possibility由形容词possible派生出来，preference由动词prefer派生出来，要联系起来记忆。另外，possession是一个四六级考试中常考的词汇，务必牢记其意思。注意：多重所有格的翻译：picture of the shopping habits of customers此句由两个of，翻译时应从后向前翻译，即翻译为：消费者的消费习惯的场景。How to improve students mental healthIn recent years, there have been many reports about misbehaved students resort to violence. Such behavior has exerted negative impacts towards other students, families as well as the society in a whole. Therefore how to improve students mental health has always been a priority issue of our universities and society. To develop a student in a all-round way is the purpose of our quality-oriented education.Firstly, parents as the first teacher in students life should play an important role. The parenting method as well as the whole family environment has a direct influence towards the students. Parents should not turn to punishment as a tool to teach their children. Instead, they should talk to them, find out the reasons behind a certain behavior and guide them through the difficulties. Parents should always be a good listener.Secondly, teachers should be trained to help students in a comprehensive way. Teachers should not just emphasize on a students academic performance. Some students feel like they are being ignored by their teachers just because they are not performing well in the exams. Therefore as a responsible teacher, learning to treat each student fairly is of great importance.Finally, it is our shared vision to build a secure and harmonious social environment for the next generation, the future of our nation.题目分析：学生的心理健康是近年来被热议的话题之一，属于经典的问题解决型，故不外乎采用举例子，作比较，分类别，列数字，打比方等方式讨论。参考范文：Students mental health has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. Indeed, it is widely accepted that it has gained growing popularity among persons in all walks of life. There is a general discussion today about the issue of disorder in brains。Obviously, it is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent problems. Authorities in universities play a critical role in the situation. To begin with, schools, such as colleges or universities, can provide chances for the young men to ease their attention. Whats more, some are physically strong, but psychological problems are able to bring potential threats. Teaches may have a chance to find them in advance. Besides, specialists in this field are to be required to make full preparation for cases in time. Facing the crisis, experts can deal with it in a professional way, which means they have more or better opportunities to save us than others. (学校)From the factors mentioned above, we may safely draw the conclusion that we can free ourselves from mental illness by taking certain precautions. For example, if you have pains or puzzles in mind, finding a friend to express these is a good way to release pressure. Certainly, there is little doubt that further attention will be paid to the issue。(我们)总结：potential threats 潜在威胁ease 减轻，舒缓psychological problems 心理问题precaution 预防措施release pressure 释放压力play an important/critical role in sthit is widely accepted that To begin with, Whats more, Besides,From the factors mentioned above draw the conclusion that 等等均为经典模板句式!本文来源于:/cet/cet6/zhxz/201012/6933.html大学英语四级CET-4同义词辨析：第三期2008-10-25 来源: 【大 中 小】 点击: 4461 评论：0 条 投稿 分享到人人 划词已开启 21.这期的单词都有伴随随同的意思accompany vt.伴随，陪同。指某人与他们陪伴或一起干某事。可用于比喻两件事同时发生。Will you accompany me in drinking a glass of beer?陪我喝一倍啤酒好吗？Lightning usually accompanies thunder.闪电通常伴随雷鸣。attend vt.&vi.伴随，伺候。指某人由于工作关系伴随或伺候某人。也可用来比喻两事物相继产生。After school she comes back home to attend her old grandma.放学后她回家照顾她年迈的祖母。The nurse attended to the wounded soldier day and night.那忽视日夜护理那位受伤的战士。22.学习的单词都有伴随的意思。accompany vt.陪伴。该词含有被陪伴人的地位与陪伴者的地位相当这一层含义。He accompanied the other boys to the game.他陪其他男孩去看球赛。（他也是个男孩）attend vt. 随侍，伴随。含有被伴随人的地位高于伴随者的地位这一含义。The student attended the professor on a field trip.这个学生陪教授实地考察。escort vt.护卫，护送，伴随。指因作为护卫，或作为向导，或由于礼仪，或以示殷勤而陪伴他人。A group of motorcyclists escorted the presidential limousine.一队摩托车骑士为总统开道。23.学的这组词有完成、完结的意思finish vt.结束、完结。着重于事情的了结、终止、圆满、成功。He finifhed middle school in 1958. 他于1958年中学毕业。I have finished reading the book. 我已读完那本书。accomplish vt.完成（任务、计划等），达到（目的）。侧重强调达到预期目的的整个过程。They finally accomplished the task by the end of last month. 他们终于在上月底完成了任务。We are sure to accomplish our purpose. 我们一定会达到我们的目的。achieve vt.取得（功绩、胜利等），实现（目的）。指通过持续努力使目的、计划、理想、愿望成功实现。强调在困难情况下完成的。通常表示努力而理所当然获得的成功。We are sure to achieve socialism. 社会主义事业我们一定会获得成功。He hoped to achieve his goal by peaceful means. 他希望通过和平的手段实现他的目的。24学的这组词有完成、完结的意思finish vt.结束、完结。着重于事情的了结、终止、圆满、成功。He finifhed middle school in 1958. 他于1958年中学毕业。I have finished reading the book. 我已读完那本书。accomplish vt.完成（任务、计划等），达到（目的）。侧重强调达到预期目的的整个过程。They finally accomplished the task by the end of last month. 他们终于在上月底完成了任务。We are sure to accomplish our purpose. 我们一定会达到我们的目的。achieve vt.取得（功绩、胜利等），实现（目的）。指通过持续努力使目的、计划、理想、愿望成功实现。强调在困难情况下完成的。通常表示努力而理所当然获得的成功。We are sure to achieve socialism. 社会主义事业我们一定会获得成功。He hoped to achieve his goal by peaceful means. 他希望通过和平的手段实现他的目的。25.fulfil vt.结束、满足、完成、达到。潜在的事物或迄今在概念上存在的事物或大自然隐藏的事物充分实现，圆满实现。The chemical plant fulfilled the production quota last year. 这化工厂去年完成了生产目标。complete vt.完成、完结。指完成了一切必要工作后讲工程、计划、理想等全部结束，比finish更正式。I have already completed the book. 我已写完那本书。The project is not complete yet. 这项工程还未完工。26.学习的单词都有擅长的意思。accomplished adj.有造诣的。指擅长某门艺术，但不以此为职业。Einstein was accomplished violinist.爱因斯坦小提琴拉的很出色。proficient adj.熟练的，精通的。指对某项技能娴熟 . She is aproficient typist.她打字很熟练。expert adj.熟练的，老练的，经验丰富的，老道的。指具有专门造诣或某种绝技。He is expert at hiding his feelings.他极善于掩饰自己的感情。27.学习的单词都有聚集的意思。accumulate vt.积累，积聚。指长期不断的积累。By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.由于投资英明，她积累了一笔巨产。assemble vi.&vt.集合，装配。指（把）人集中到一个地方或者把部件装到一起。At the beginning of the day，we all assemble into the main hall to be addressed by the headmaster.每天一开始我们全部集中到礼堂里听校长训话。collect vi.&vt.收集，采集，集中。表示有选择性的长时间的收集，也表示逐渐聚积货聚积。Do you collect antiques？你收藏古董吗？gather vi.&vt.聚集，采集。强调把散布在各处的东西归到一起，起不及物动词时可与collect互换，这时gather含有自发的集中的意义，而collect则含有逐渐地集中的意义。考试大论坛She gathered mushrooms in the field.她在田野里采蘑菇28.这期的单词都有精确的意思哈 accurate 准确的，精确的。语气较强。指某人某事准确无误。强调为忠实于真理或事实所耗费的努力和苦心。The information is perfectly accurate.那信息完全准确。They had an investigation to get an accurate account of the accident.他们进行调查，以查明事故的确切原因。exact adj.确切的，正确的。语气较accurate强。指某人某事符合事实或标准，且丝毫不差。Please tell us about the exact number.请告诉我们确切数字。He as an exact ear for music.他具有很强的音乐鉴赏能力。precise adj.精确的，精密的。指在细节上都很准确。用于物与exact同义，用于人表示严谨。The clock is very precise.这个钟走得非常准。She is a very precise woman.她是个非常严谨的人。perfect adj.指极其完美、非常理想或完整无缺。The set was perfect；nothing was missing or broken.这一套完整无缺，一件不少，也一点没有损坏。The actor was perfect for the part.由这个演员担任该角色再理想不过了。correct adj.是一般用于，指符合真理或事实标准且没有错误或差错，即正确无误.The thing turned out to be correct.此事最后证明是对的。Her answer is correct but her explanation is not correct.她回答是正确的，但她的解释不正确。29.学习的单词都有指控起诉的意思。accuse vt.指责，谴责，控告，控诉。是本词组用的最广泛的一个词，可用于正式或非正式的场合。His neighborhood accused him of playing radio too loudly.邻居指责他把收音机音量开的太大。charge vt.控告，指控。主要表示当庭指控，引申后可用于非正式的场合，表示指责别人违反了公认的准则。He was arrested and charged with a variety of offences.他被逮捕，被起诉犯下多项罪行。condemn vt.谴责。表示对某人某事的强烈否定的态度。这种谴责常常只有道德的力量而无法律的约束。We all condemn cruelty to children.我们都谴责虐待儿童的行为。indict vt.控告，告发。指正式指控某人违法，使之接受审判，意义于charge同，但charge常与介词with连用，indict常与介词for连用。在英语国家中，美国人对这个词用的最多。The general was indicted for treason.那位将军被指控犯有叛国罪。prosecute vt.对采取法律上的行动；把推上被告席。Trespassers will be prosecuted.闲人莫入，违者法办。30.这组词可表示“控告”、“指责”的意思accuse vt.意为公开指责或指控某人做错了某事，一般错误或严重罪行、正式非正式场合都能用。常见用法 sb of (doing) sth; sb as sb.They accused their leader of taking bribes. 他们控告领导受贿。They accused him as an accomplice. 他们控告他为同谋。charge vt.控告、指控。主要用作正式向司法部门提出起诉。也可作一般用语。常见用法： sb with sth; that clauseThe king charged that his minister had disobeyed instructions. 国王指控大臣违反命令。He charged her with cheating. 他控告她有欺诈行为。考试大(wwwE)blame vt.责怪、埋怨、 把.归咎于、推诿He is no way to blame. 无论如何也不能责怪他。indict vt.法律术语，指正式指控某人，并使之出庭在陪审团或法官面前。引申意义上指非正式地，但公开地指控。They was indicted him as a thief. 他们指控他为盗贼。大学英语四级CET-4同义词辨析：第二期2008-10-25 来源: 【大 中 小】 点击: 5213 评论：0 条 投稿 分享到人人 划词已开启 11.这些单词都有“取消”的意思。abolishvt.废除，取消。一般用语。指用暴力或法律手段废除某中制度或风俗。The exploiting classes and systems should be abolished over the world.应该消灭世界上的一切剥削阶级和剥削制度。We must abolish such corrupt practices.我们应该废除这种陋习。cancelvt. 取消，作废。指因某中原因临时取消实现决定了的事，如计划，会议等。The sports meeting has been cancelled because of weather.因天气的原因运动会取消了。We should write to Mr. Smith to cancel the lecture beforehand.我们应该事先写信给史密斯先生取消这次报告。12.句子练习：1. No applicant will be considered who cannot offer proof of _.A. capabilityB. abilityC. facultyD. capacity2.We had to _ the losing team from the competiton.A. cancelB. abolishC. eliminateD. do away with3. The scientist _ his research for lack of funds.A. abandonedB. desertedC. discardedD. forsook4. Jack married a girl of _ beauty.A. abnormalB. disorderedC. uncommonD. unusual5. Are you sure that your little sister is _ of this task?A. ableB. competentC. capableD. qualified6. These poorly _ policemen need immediate trainingA. ableB. capableC. competentD. qualified7. In some countries the death penalty has been _.A. abolished B. do away with C. eliminate D. canceled8. He possesses a remarkable _ for music.A. abilityB. capacityC. talentD. competence9. The mountain is about 2000 feet _ sea level.A. onB. upC. aboveD. over10. My promise shall be _ out if you fail to come.A. repealedB. abolishedC. cancelledD. eliminated答案与句子翻译ACADCCACCC1申请人若不能提供其胜任工作的证明，我们无法予以考虑。2我们必须淘汰比赛中失利的队伍。3由于缺乏资金，科学家放弃了他的研究。 4杰克娶了一位异常漂亮的姑娘5你确信你的小妹妹能胜任这项工作吗？6这些不合格的警察需要马上受训。7在一些国家死刑已经被废除。8他极具音乐天赋。9那座山大约海拔两千英尺。10如果你不来，我答应过的都不算数。13.这些词都有“在.周围，围绕，大约，四处”的意思.about prep.& adv.在.周围，附近，围绕，大约。指将中心物或人围起来There was a white fence about the garden. 花园四周围了一道白色栅栏。The student sit about the teacher listening to him 学生坐在老师周围听讲。around prep.& adv. 在.周围，环绕，左右。指环绕中心物或人或靠近某个地方。更强调静态。常用短语：all around 在.周围，各处.The pupils stood around the teacher. 学生们站在老师周围。She found nobody around. 她发现周围没有人。round prep.& adv.围，围绕。 指围绕中心物或人转动，也可指环绕中心物或人不动。更强调动态。常用短语：all round 在.周围，各地；全面的，多才多艺的round about 在.周围，四面八方；迂回地，不直接了当地round and round 围绕，旋转不息地The moon moves round the earth. 月亮绕地球转。A crowd soon gathered round. 一群人马上围了上来。【注】around,round当“到处”或“环绕”讲时，强调的幅度比about更大，更全面。无论做副词还是介词about主要用语英国英语。美国英语常用around代替about和round 14.这些单词都有“多、丰富”的意思。 abundant 丰富的、大量的。指某一地大量出产某物，某一处大量存在某物，远远超过所需。There are abundant supplies of firewood in the forest.林子里有很多柴禾。plentiful 充裕的，足够的、很多的。指大量存在，多的用不完，与abundant词义同，但不同之处在于abundant限于对某一地，某一处的观察，而plentiful则无此限。In autumn,edible fruit is so plentiful that it rots on the vine.秋天，可以吃的果实多的摘不完，烂在藤上。rich 很多的。最普通的用语，指人钱多财多。此外，与介词in或者with搭配，后接物品，表示某物大量存在。Australia is rich with minerals.澳大利亚矿产丰富。 ample 丰富的、充足的。指稍多，稍有节余。we have ample money for the journey.我们有充足的路费。luxuriant 丰富的、多产的。一般用来指植物生长茂密，还可以用作比喻。the poems luxuriant imaginary.诗中丰富的想象。15.这些词都可表示“在.之上”的意思above prep.在.上面。 指某物的位置高于另一物，并不含有垂直的意味。反义词是below。还可以用来比喻思想、品行、学业等优于他人。常用短语：all above 首先，首要above oneself 自高自大，兴高采烈 She is above me in English study. 她学英语比我强。The mountain is 3000 metres above sea level. 这座山海拔3000米。over prep.在.之上。 指某物的位置垂直于另一物体之上。反义词是under。有时指覆盖于某物之上。也可比喻地位、思想在他人之上。常用短语：all over 遍及、从头到尾over all 从头到尾over and above 在.之上；高于，重于；在.之外(还) The sun shines over the earth. 太阳普照大地。He is over me in the office. 他的职位比我高。on prep.表示一物在另一物的上面，两者相接触。反义词为beneath。There is a fly on the table. 桌子上有只苍蝇。A mirror hung on the wall. 一面镜子挂在墙上。16.这些单词都有“给人带来精神伤害”的意思。 abuse vt.骂;讲.的坏话。指用欠公正、欠冷静或者刻薄、恶毒、不敬的言语辱骂或攻击。She abused her ex-husband mercilessly.她骂起前夫来毫不留情。curse vi.&vt.咒骂。指希望别人大难临头，以宣泄自己的愤怒和不满。若后接宾语不是具体的人或作不及物动词时，指口出污言秽语以发泄心中的愤怒。She cursed him for ruinning her life.她诅咒他没有好下场，是他毁了她一生。insult vt.侮辱，凌辱。强调傲慢无礼地故意伤害和羞辱对方。也指一般的轻慢或怠慢。I felt most insulted when they made me sit at a little table at the back.他们让我坐在后面的小坐边我感到极大的屈辱。 slander vt.诽谤，诋毁。指以不实之辞诋毁人声誉。She slandered him behind him.她在背后诽谤他。17.这些词都可表示丰富的意思来源:考试大网abundant adj.充裕的，丰富的。指数量充足。常用于人、动物、物产、时间、资源、雨量等。China is abundant with products. 中国物产丰富。There is abundant rain in this area. 这一带雨量充足。plentiful adj.大量的、富裕的。一般用来指量多。常用于食物、金钱、财产、收获、供应等方面，不能用于时间、空间、语言、思维等方面。In those days books were not plentiful. 前些日子，图书供不应求。Fruits are cheap now because they are plentiful. 现在水果很多，价钱便宜。ample adj.广大的、宽敞的、充足的、丰富的、许多的。一般修饰无形物，指足以满足一定的或特定的需要。A week will be ample for oue journey Chengdu. 去成都旅行一周足够了。There is ample room for ten desks here. 这里的空间足可放10张书桌。18.这些单词都有鼓掌、欢呼的意思。acclaim vt.欢呼;喝彩。指用喊声、掌声迎接某事的开始或者某人的到来。Delegates warmly acclaimed the opening of the congress .代表们热烈欢呼大会的召开。applaud vt.鼓掌，欢迎（喝彩），欢呼。指观赏演出时以掌声表示赞许。They applauded her performance.他们对她的演出报以掌声。cheer vi.&vt.喝彩，鼓励。指因为快活、赞赏、兴致高而欢呼、喝彩或喊加油。The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared.人群大声欢呼女王的到来。clap vt.拍手，鼓掌。这个词既可以含有赞许意义的鼓掌，也可表示拍手这一动作，而不含赞许的意义。They clapped their hands in time to the music.他们合着音乐的节奏拍手。19.辨析的两个单词都有口音的意思.accent n.腔调，口音。常指某一地区语言的发音特征。I soon found him to be a Cantonese by his accent.通过他的口音，很快我就发现他是广东人。She speaks Putonghua without an accent.她讲普通话不带地方口音。dialect n.方言，语言。可指一个语系、国家、民族的语言，也可指一个地区、集团、行业的语言。Some of the dialects descended from the Latin language are French, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese.来源于拉丁语的几种语言有法语、西班牙语、意大利语和葡萄牙语。English is a West Ger