2014届高三英语一轮复习(一).doc

2014届高考英语冲刺精品资料晨背强化系列（一）.词汇短语过关1pretend vt. 假装；假扮pretend sth. 伪称某事物(尤用做借口)pretend to do.假装做pretend to ben. (adj.) 假装是pretend to be doing.假装正在做pretend to have done. 假装已做pretend thatclause 假装即学即练1(1)He _ yesterday. 昨天他假装头疼。(2)We mustnt _ what we dont know.我们不应不懂装懂。(3)He _ when he met a bear.当他遇到熊时就装死。2attach vt. 系；贴；附加；认为有(重要性等)attached adj. 依恋的，留恋的attachment n. C附件C,U依恋；眷恋；深爱attach sth. to sth. 把某物系到某物上attach yourself to sb./sth. 参加，和在一起attach to sb./sth.与有联系，与有关联be attached to sb./sth. 依恋，留恋即学即练2(1)She _ a cheque _ the order form.她在订货单上附了一张支票。(2)Dont worrythere are no strings _.不用担心没有附加的条件。(3)She _ the regular exercise.她对常规训练极为重视。(4)No blame _ him for the accident.这次事故的责任与他无关。(5)I am deeply _ this novel.我非常喜欢这部小说。3form vt. & vi. 形成；组织；养成；培养n. 形式；表格；形状，外形；状况；精神form(set up) a club 成立俱乐部form a good habit 养成好习惯form the habit offall/get into the habit of养成的习惯form an organization 成立一个组织fill in the form 填表格in the form of 以的形式in/out of form 状况良好/不佳即学即练3(1)The footballers been _.这个足球运动员的状态不好。(2)He is _ the application _.他正在填申请表。(3)His research _ the basis of the new book.他的研究成果是这本新书的基础。(4)The teacher _ the students _ a line.老师让学生排成一行。4earn vt. 赚得；挣得；获得earn ones livingmake a living 谋生earn ones own living 自食其力earn moneymake money 挣钱即学即练4(1)His courage _of his classmates.他的勇敢博得了同学们的赞扬。(2)Do you know how much he _ a month?你知道他一个月赚多少钱吗？(3)He _ by teaching at a language school.他在语言学校教书以维持生计。5perform vt.&vi 表演；履行；执行performance n. 履行，执行；表演performer n. 执行者；表演者perform ones promise 守信；履行诺言perform duty 尽职perform a part in. 在中扮演角色perform an experiment 做实验give/put on a performance 演出即学即练5(1)The students will _ next Friday.这些学生下星期五将演出一场歌剧。(2)The police _ in our society.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。(3)You shall _ the way they do.你们要按照他们的方法去做实验。(4)Our team _ in the match.我们队在比赛中表现很出色。6familiar adj. 熟悉的；常见的；通晓的；亲密的(1)be familiar with 对熟悉。其主语通常是指“人”的名词；with后的宾语是主语所通晓的事物。(2)be familiar to 为所熟悉。其主语通常是人们所通晓的人或事物， to后的宾语常是指“人”的名词。(3)sb. be familiar with sb. 某人与某人亲密无间即学即练6(1)Yao Ming is _ to us.姚明是我们大家所熟悉的明星。(2)Are you _ the computer software they use?你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗？(3)This nursery rhyme is very _ me.我对这首童谣很熟悉。7to be honest 说实在的；实话说honestly speaking 老实说to tell the truth 说实话，老实说to be honest with you 跟你说实话be honest with sb. about sth. 关于某事对坦诚be honest in doing sth. 在做某事方面坦诚It is honest of sb. to do sth. 在干方面诚实。即学即练7(1)_， I dont agree with you.对你说实话，我不同意你的看法。(2)I think she is _ what she is telling me.我认为她很诚实地告诉我一切。(3)It is _ to tell the truth.你讲实话是诚实的。(4)_， I hate the student wearing long hair.说实在的，我讨厌那位留着长发的学生。8play jokes/a joke on 戏弄；和开玩笑have a joke with sb. 和某人开玩笑make a joke/jokes about sb./sth. 关于某人/某事说笑话play tricks on sb.make fun of sb. 和开玩笑；捉弄某人make a fool of 愚弄laugh at 嘲笑即学即练8(1)Its not proper to _ others in public.在公众场所捉弄别人是不恰当的。(2)She was _ you.她在跟你开玩笑。(3)Dont _ the handicapped.不要说关于残疾人的笑话。9rely on 依靠，信赖；指望(1)依靠，依赖。同live on 或 depend on “依赖”。rely on ones own efforts 依靠自己的努力(2)信任，依赖。同 believe in, depend on.rely on/upon sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事rely on/upon sb. doing sth. 相信某人会做某事rely on/upon it that. 相信(事情)，指望即学即练9(1)Nowadays we _ increasingly _ computers _ help.现今我们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。(2)You can _ me _ your secret.你尽管相信我一定为你保密。(3)I _ early.我指望你早来。(4)You can _ he will come.你放心 ,他会来的。10break up 分解；驱散，拆散；打碎；结束；散会；(关系)破裂；停课，放假即学即练10写出下列break up的意思。(1)The ice will break up when the warm weather comes._(2)The police came and broke up the crowd._(3)The meeting broke up at eleven oclock._(4)Some sentences can break up into clauses._(5)Their marriage is breaking up._拓展：(1)break away from 脱离(2)break down 分解，出毛病，(计划、谈判)失败；(谈话、通讯)中断(3)break into 闯入(4)break in 强行进入，插话(5)break off 打断，折断(6)break out 爆发，发生(不用于被动语态)(7)break through 突破11above all 首先；最重要的是；特别是；尤其above allmost important of all(强调地位上的重要性)first of all “首先，第一”，强调顺序at all 根本，全然in all 总共，共计after all 终究，毕竟all in all 总之即学即练11(1)He longs _ to see his family again.他尤其渴望再见到家里的人。(2)_， let them introduce themselves to us.首先，让他们向我们作自我介绍。(3)_， he didnt agree with what his son said.总之，他没同意他儿子所说的话。(4)He has done it well. _， he is only a learner.这件事他做得很好了，毕竟，他只是个初学者。易 错 点 拨 自我完善误区备考1. earn/gain/win(1)如果为了钱(或任何其他报酬)而工作，这就是earn,而且含有这些报酬是应得的意思。(2)win指在竞赛、战争、比赛中获胜，并可能由此得到奖赏。(3)gain指获得有用或需要的东西，而且与win和earn不同，它用在与钱没有关系的场合。应用1(1)She _ experience while working for the newspaper.(2)She _ 1 000 a month.(3)Who is going to _ the election?2. above all/first of all/first(ly)/at first(1)above all是从重要性上讲的，指重要性在若干事物中位列第一。(2)first of all虽也强调重要性，但更多的还是侧重于顺序或次序，译做“首先，第一”。(3)first(ly)用于列举若干事物时引出第一项，指次序，但语气不及first of all强。(4)at first指时间，译作“开始，起初”，相当于in the beginning.应用2(1)_， I didnt like him, but afterwards I came to appreciate him.(2)_， make sure you keep in touch.(3)_， lets welcome our honoured guest, Mr Smith.(4)I cant go. _ I have no time; _I have no money.3. before引导时间状语从句 句式：It will be .before. _ It was .before . _(1)How long do you think it will be_China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?Perhaps two or three years.A. when B. until C. that D. before(2)Its a long time _I last saw you.Yes, and it will be another month _we can meet again.Abefore; since Bwhen; before Csince; when Dsince; before(3)(2009北京四中)She was so angry that she rushed out into the rain _I could stop her.A. until B. before C. when D. unless自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1He is busy sending out _ (请帖)2Have you heard the news _(广播) on the radio?3The famous band from the US will give their_(表演) in the Capital Concert Hall.4Beethoven was one of the greatest _(音乐家)5Your proposal sounds very _(吸引人的)6Now many children are learning to play different kinds of musical i_.7He knew nothing about the matter, but he p_ to know it.8In common with most educated people he prefers c_ music to jazz.9He asked me if I had e_ pay besides salary.10He stopped driving and went out of his car as if to find a p_ and to ask the way. .单项选择1I know you dont like _ music very much. But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday?A/; / Bthe; the Cthe; / D/; the2The boy pretended _ when his mother came in.Ato fall asleep Bsleeping Casleep Dto be asleep3Tom put his heart into the wildlife research, and finally, his efforts _ him great success and fame.Asaved Bearned Cmade Doffered4During the busiest season like National Day, the Spring Festival, the traffic company provides _ buses for the travelers.Aextra Bspare Cvarious Dunusual5In order to continue to learn by ourselves when we have left school, we must _ learn how to study in the school now.Ain all Bafter all Cabove all Dat all6I _ becoming a pilot when I was at school.Really? Do you still think it will _？Awas dreaming; come truth Bwas dreaming of; come trueCwas dreaming; come true Dwas dreaming of; come truth7In many countries, packets of cigarettes come with a government health warning _ them.Aattaching with Battached with Cattaching to Dattached to8What do you think of their marriage?_， if I were Kate, I wouldnt marry him.AGenerally speaking BI have no ideaCTo be honest DTo my surprise9He is _ my English teacher; he is one of my good friends.Amore than Bless than Cno more than Dnot more than10_by the famous band, the piece of music sounded _.APerform; attraction BPerforming; attractingCPerformed; attractive DBeing performed; attracted attractive.11The hurricane damaged many houses and business buildings; _， it caused 20 deaths.Aor else Btherefore Cafter all Din addition12The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days.Aof which Bduring which Cfrom which Dfor which13To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it _ into parts.Adown Bup Coff Dout14When I moved into the new house, I felt that the happy life I had been dreaming of _ at last.Acoming Bhaving come Ccame Dwould come15(2010甘肃天水一中)We had to be patient because it _ some time _ we got the full results.Ahas been; since Bhad been; until Cwas; after Dwould be; before .阅读理解Wanted, Someone for a KissWere looking for producers to join us on the sound of London Kiss 100 FM. Youll work on the stations music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100.Father ChristmasWere looking for a very special person, preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit.Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10301600.Excellent pay.Please contact (联系) the Enterprise Shopping Centre, Station Parade, Eastbourne.Accountants AssistantWhen you join the team in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.Wealden District CouncilSoftware TrainerIf you are aged 24?45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make your own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of 15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.1Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station?AProducer Vacancies, Kiss 100.BMrs Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.CThe Enterprise Shopping Centre.DWealden District Council.2We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who_.Ais aged between 24 and 40Bmay do some training workCshould deal with general dutiesDcan work for about a month3Which position is open to recent school graduates?AProducer, London Kiss.BFather Christmas.CAccountants Assistant.DSoftware Trainer.4What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited?AOne with GCSE grade C level.BOne with some office experience.COne having good computer knowledge.DOne trained in producing music programmes.(二)(2011湖北高考)Feeling blue about the world? “Cheer up.” says science writer Matt Ridley. “The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”Ridley calls himself a rational optimistrational, because hes carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic, because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what hes set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book, The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that, on the whole, has done little but progress for 100,000 years. He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.Heres how he explains his views.1 ) Shopping fuels inventionIt is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, better cars, and, of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us. This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off well be.2) Brilliant advancesOne reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needsfood, clothing, fuel and shelterhave grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hours light cost six hours work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes work to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today its half second.3 ) Lets not kill ourselves for climate changeMitigating (减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil fuel (化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose?bleed by putting a tourniquet (止血带) around our necks.1. What is the theme of Ridleys most recent book? A. Weakness of human nature. B. Concern about climate change. C. Importance of practical thinking. D. Optimism about human progress.2. How does Ridley look at shopping? A. It encourages the creation of things. B. It results in shortage of goods. C. It demands more fossil fuels. D. It causes a poverty problem.3. The candle and lamp example is used to show that _. A. oil lamps give off more light than candles B. shortening working time brings about a happier life C. advanced technology helps to produce better candles D. increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods4. What does the last sentence of the passage imply? A. Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost. B. Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous. C. Peoples health is closely related to climate change. D. Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.词汇答案（1） pretended a headache , pretend to know , pretended to be dead（2） attached , to , attached , attaches great importance to , attaches to , attached to（3） out of form , filling in , form , formed , formed , into（4） earned him the admiration , earns , earns his living（5） perform an opera , perform a vital role , perform the experiment , performed well（6） a familiar star , familiar with , familiar to（7）To be honest with you , honest in , honest of you , Honestly speaking（8）play jokes on , having a joke with , make jokes about（9）rely , on , for , rely on , to keep , relied on your/you coming , rely upon it that（10）破裂 , 驱散 , 结束 , 分解 , 破裂（11）above all , First of all , All in all , After all易错点拨1.gained , earns , win2.At first , Above all , First of all , Firstly , secondly3.(1)It will be long/some time before sb. do/does sth.是典型句式。意为“要过很久/一些时间某人才”。答案：D(2)第一空表示“自上次见到你已有很久不见了”，用 since;第二空表示“再过一个月又会见面的”，用 before.答案：D(3)考查 before引导时间状语从句，意为“在之前；还没来得及”。答案：B自我测评I答案：1-5invitations , broadcast , performance , musicians , attractive答案：6-10 instruments, pretended,classical, extra, passerbyII.答案：D解析：考查冠词。第一空泛指音乐，不填冠词；第二空特指电影中的音乐，用 the.答案：D解析：pretend 后需接不定式，故排除B、C项；且此处表示状态而不是动作，故选D.答案：B解析：earn sb. sth. 意为“为某人赢得某物”。答案：A解析：extra buses指“额外多增加的车”。答案：C解析：above all首要的，特别重要的是。答案：B解析：dream of doing sth. “梦想做”。come true “(梦想)成真”。答案：D解析：过去分词做后置定语，attac