考研英语之核心词汇辨析(六).doc

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！考研英语之核心词汇辨析(六)1、apparent, evident, manifest, obvious, distinct这一组形容词都有明显的之意。apparent a.明显的，显而易见的，尤指容易观察或认识到的事物。He is very unhappy, and it is apparent that he wants to leave now.他很不高兴，显然他现在想走了。evident a.明白的，明显的，与apparent基本同意，多用于推理或由事实证明的事物。It is evident that he is guilty; his fingerprints were found at the crime scene.显然他是有罪的，在犯罪现场发现了他的指纹。manifest a.清楚的，明显的，多指根据外部特征或迹象便能看出或了解其意义，常作表语。Her ability is manifest, but she is not attractive.她才能出众，但长相并不动人。obvious a.明显的，显而易见的，含有无可辩白，不需证明之意。It is obvious that that woman has had too much to drink.很显然，那个妇女酒喝的太多了。distinct a.清楚的，明显的;不同的，独特的。修饰性质明显不同的东西。Medical care has made a distinct improvement in his health.治疗已使他的健康有了明显的好转。2、applaud, clap, commend, praiseapplaud v.鼓掌，赞扬，指因精湛表演或某种行为得到别人的赞许，大声叫好或热烈鼓掌。The boss applauded my efforts by praising my work.老板表扬了我的工作，对我的努力表示赞许。clap v.拍打，其用法是clap ones hand=applaud,不能说applaud ones hands。clap sb.为某人鼓掌，clap sth.拍打某物commend v.为正式用词，用于对具体功绩或成就表示嘉奖，通常指上级对下级、长辈对晚辈的赞赏。The teacher commended the student for doing well on the exam.老师表扬学生们的考试成绩优异。praise v.为一般用词，用于对某人的优秀品质表示钦佩羡慕;赞颂，赞美。A supervisor praised the employee for her good work.一位主管称赞这位员工的工作做得不错。Survivors of the crash praised God for saving them.坠机事件的幸存者赞颂上帝使他们得救。3、area, district, region, vicinity, zone有区域的意思。area n.泛指面积较大的地区;面积;专业领域。The New York area has high rents.纽约地区房租很高。district n.行政区划的小范围地区。如Xicheng district西城区region n.行政区划上更大的地区，如自治区;身体部位。The northeast region of the USA includes New York and the six New England states.美国东北部包括纽约和新英格兰地区的那六个州。vicinity n.周围地区，附近地区。The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the vicinity.警察都十分警惕因为逃跑的罪犯就藏在附近地区。zone n.指特定的地方、地带。The city passed a law to create a business zone on some empty land.市政府通过法律，在一些空地上开辟商业区。4、assembly, conference, congress, rally, seminar, session, summit, symposium都表示会议的意思。assembly n.集合，集会。The assembly of students takes place in the auditorium.学生们在大礼堂举行集会。conference n. (专门性的)会议，讨论会。The conference on international economic problems met in Geneva.关于世界经济问题的会议在日内瓦召开。congress n.代表大会，(美国的)国会。Congress passes laws that must be obeyed by the people.美国国会通过的法律，人民一定要遵守。rally n. (鼓舞士气的)集会;群众性集会。The football coach called a rally to build up the teams excitement for the next game.足球教练召开了一个动员会，以便鼓舞士气打好下次比赛。seminar n. (大学的)研究班，研讨会。During summer vacations some teachers attend seminars at college.暑假里，一些教师在学院里参加研究班。session n. (一届)会议，回合。the autumn session of Parliament议会的秋季会议summit n.最高级会议，峰会(通常为领导人参加)。Next year, the summit will be held in Vienna.明年将在维也纳举行最高级会谈。symposium n. (学术、科研方面的)座谈会，专题报告会。The symposium on SARS research lasted two days.非典型性肺炎研究的研讨会持续了两天。5、assessment, estimate, evaluation有评估的意思。assessment n.评估，估价，常常表示对于财产、价值的评估。We have a low assessment on our property.我们对我们的资产评估很低。estimate n.估计，强调进行评估得出的结果，常与give搭配。The mechanic gave me a rough estimate of two or three hundred dollars for the repairs to my car.机械师给我的汽车修理费的粗略估计是200或300美元。evaluation n. (对于能力，价值、工作业绩的)评价，估价，常带有肯定的、正确的含义。He gave a positive evaluation of our scientific research.他对于我们的科学