八年级英语上册Unit11-12.doc

U.11 Could you please clean your room? U.12 Whats the best radio station?重点词汇、句型：1.There will be a meeting tomorrow morning. =Have/hold a meeting. at the meeting.2. Your pen is in my pencil-case. You can take it out.Take out“取出，拿出”，out为副词，因此当其宾语为名词时，一般置于两词后（也可置于两词中间），但若是人称代词，则只能放在两词中间。Take.out of. 把.从.取出 Please take your pencil out of your pencil-case.3. do the dishes. 洗餐具，洗碗碟 （相当于wash the dishes)Do与the或my, his等 + 名词连用，常指做日常事务。Eg: do the laundry洗衣服 do ones teeth 刷牙 do some reading 读书 do some exercise 锻炼 Do some shopping 购物 do some cooking 做饭 do the washing=do the washing 洗衣服，洗东西4. Could you please sweep the floor?是一个表示请求的交际用语，意为“请你.好吗”？Please后接动词原形，其否定结构直接在please后加not5. work on从事于 on为介词，其宾语直接置于其后 work at 从事于,用法和work on基本相同。只是work at更侧重于所从事的工作的性质，而不在于说明正在做什么，此时，可理解为“学习，研究，写作，致力于”等。He has worked at this subject for three years. work for 受雇于 He works for a computer company. work as 从事.工作 He is working as a math teacher. work out 算出；想出（办法等）； 制定出；锻炼；解决6.borrow/lend从基本词义上看 两者都可表示“借”，但是 borrow 指“借入”，而 lend 则指“借出”，两者其实是一对反义词，而不是同义词。如： Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借用你的自行车吗? He lent his dictionary to me. 他把字典借给我。从句型搭配上看a.要表示“向某人借某物”，英语用borrow sth from sb，其中用介词from。如：Dont borrow money from her. Sam borrowed a car from his friend.b.要表示“把某物借给某人”，英语用lend sth to sb，其中用介词to。如：He lent his pen to me. He told me not to lend it to her. 从是否接双宾语来看lend 可接双宾语(即可用于 lend sb sth)，但 borrow 则不能接双宾语(即不能用于 borrow sb sth)。Could you lend me some money? He offered to lend me some books. 正：He borrowed some money from her. 误：He borrowed her some money.keep 做“借”讲时，是延续性动词，通常表示借了某物多长时间，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，而 borrow 和lend 是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。 eg. You can keep this book for two weeks.7. take care of = look after8. I have a large family to feed. Feed 喂养，饲养9. We invited them to dance. Invite sb to sp. Invite sb to do sth invitation10. Play 用作vt. 后接不同的名词或代词作宾语，其含义也不相同。Play + “人”的名词或代词：“和.比赛” Play + 球类名词 play + 乐器Eg: Who are you going to play?用作vi. Play with “玩，玩耍（弄）”，一是指动物或小孩子的无意识行为；二是指一种不严肃的行为Eg: Its dangerous to play with fire.11. I went to your house, but you werent in. Be not in = be out = be not at home 不在家 be in = be at home 在家12. Can you do me a favor?13. What do young people think about places in town? what do/does.think of. = how do/does.like/find/enjoy.14. be popular with 受到.的欢迎15. We did a survey of our readers and this is what we learned. do a survey of “对.做调查”，也可用make代替do. what we learned 在此句中作is的表语从句。用来作表语的句子叫做表语从句： The problem is whether he will come. This is what we need.16. We cant live without air or water. Is she unhappy without me?Without prep. 无，没有17. Last weeks talent show was a great success. 上周的才艺表演非常成功 =.was very successful. Success 一般作为不可数名词，在此是抽象名词具体化，为可数名词。a success表示“一件成功的事，一个成功的人”,其反义词为failure Success-succeed-successful-successfully18. Who do you think is the funnier actor? Do you think在此作插入语，去掉后不影响句意： What (do you think) is the most boring TV show?19. Harbin is in the northern China. In the north of 在.北方 in表示“在某范围内” ;on表示“与.接壤”；to表示“在.范围外，或隔海相望” off通常用于海岸（coast）B is in the east of A. C is on the east of A. D is to the east of C.belowabove onabove over underinupdown其他方位词： oppositeacrossalongthroughoverpast20.Hotels usually cut their prices in winter. Cut削减，缩短；切，割，削 cut the prices降低物价 cut salaries减薪 The knife cuts well. This metal cuts easily.21. 交际用语： 当想表达一种想法时用 I think.我认为. 在 I think(suppose,believe,imagine)后面的从句里，如果有否定含义，往往需要把否定词由从句移到主句，这被称作“否定转移”： Eg: I dont think its right to do so重点语法：1. 情态动词could表示的用法： Could I please do.?或Could I do,?意为“我可以做