08586汽车实用英语11年04月.doc

2011年4月江苏省高等教育自学考试08586汽车实用英语（一）总分题分1020104020合分人得分.Match the phrases on the left with the explanations on the right and write the corresponding letter in the brackets（before the number ）.(10 points in all,1 point for each)1. air-fuel mixture A. 置入的诊断程序)2gasoline-electric hybrid B燃油直喷)3built-in diagnostic procedure C后备模式)4. fuel pump relay D具有环保意识的客户)5. Closed-Loop System E后轮独立悬架)6. fuel direct injection F空气一燃油混合物)7. climate control system G闭环控制系统)8. limp-home mode H汽油一电动混合汽车)9independent rear suspension I燃油泵继电器)10. green-minded customer J气候控制系统。Word s translation. (20 points in all, 1 point for each)A. Translate the following words into Chinese.11. engine _12.combuston _13. nameplate _15. manual _17. throttle _19. turbocharger _12. combustion _14. hybrid _16. alternator _18. minivan _20. failure _B. Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.21.无级变速器_23.节气门踏板总成_25.故障指示灯_22.交流电流_24.怠速调节控制_26.企业平均燃油经济性_27一氧化碳_29.全轮驱动系统_28.图示万用表_30.美国汽车工程师学会_ Read the passage and choose the proper words or phrases from the box for the blanks, and put the corresponding letter in the blanks below, each word or phrase can be used only once. (10 points in all, 1 point for each)The most important components in the_from a safety standpoint are the light sand signals. Lights are needed to light the way in the_32 , to mark the outline of thevehicle so other drivers can see it and to inform others of the driversstopping or turning)._3 3 ( slowing,_ 0f vehicle inspections during National Car Care Month of 2003in U. S. revealed that: (1)8% of the inspected vehicles needed work on at least one of their turn signals; (2) 6% had problems with at least one of their brake lights, (3) 5% _ a side light inspection; (4) 1% failed the inspection for their headlights, parking lights,taillights, backup lights and license plate lights. Theres no practical way to tell _ a lamp or bulb is about out. A few vehicles have a lamp outage modulev that turns on an instrument But on the _ o:f cars, someone has to physically turn on the lamp or bulb is 39 pane ligh _ 1 warning indicator. ts to determine if a Customers may not even be aware that their tail lamps, turn signals or stop lamps are not functioning properly_ it has been pointed out to them.Reading comprehension. Read the following passages carefully and answer the questions with the correct choice. Then write the corresponding letter in the brackets. (40 points in all, 2 points for each)Passage 1 In 1893, Henry Ford in Dearborn, Michigan, USA, placed his first car on the road. With the development of the sturdy, low-priced Model T in October 1908, Henry Ford made his company the biggest in the industry. Assembly-line production methods introduced by Henry Ford in 1913 enabled the price of this five-seat touring car to drop from $ 850 in 1908 to $300 in 1925. Through the period from 1900 to the mid 1920s, development of automotive technology was rapid. Key developments included electric ignition and the electric self-starter, independent suspension, and four-wheel brakes. Prior to the period in 1886 when Karl Benz patented the first vehicle, most people of the world including Europe and Japan were not able to travel more than 35 km from their homes except armyman and religious travelers. Without Benzs knowledge, his wife Bertha Benz secretly set out on a promotional tour from Mannheim one morning in August 1888, together with their two sons. In the evening of the same day, the trio arrived at Berthas mothers place in Pforzheim. This was the world s first long-distance journey in an automobile, and proved the suitability of the Benz patent motor car for everyday use. The Benzs invention in his patent was not just an existing vehicle to which an engine was fitted. Instead, Benz developed the first modern automobile in which engine, powertrain and chassis formed an independent entity, respectively. In 1901, the Daimler motor company predicted that worldwide car sales would never exceed l million because the population at large could not provide more than a million people capable of learning how to drive their vehicle. It is now well known that Daimler grossly underestimated. From this historical standpoint, it becomes interesting to see how the road vehicle has become the great liberator in terms of personal and mass mobility. Early in the Second World War the world vehicle fleet was less than 50 million units, but by 1987 the total unit has grown to approximately 516 million, of which 395 million were passenger cars.41. Which methods decrease the price of five-seat touring car? ( ) partsA. Using new materials B. Sending a few of labors awayC. Assembly-line D. Reusing some used42. How many automotive key developments have been made through the period from 1900 to the mid 1920s? ( ) A. one Btwo C. three D. four43. Who has performed the worlds first long-distance journey in an automobile?( )A. Karl Benz B. Bertha BenzC. Henry Ford D. Daimler44. Why did the Daimler motor company predict that worldwide car sale would never exceed 1 million in l9017 (A. Because there were not l million people in 1901.B. Because there were not l million people capable of buying the car.C. Because there were not l million people capable of learning how to drive the car.D. Because the car manufacturers couldnt produce more than l million cars.45. By 1987, how many passenger cars were there in the world? ( )A. 50 millions B. 516 millions C. 35 millions D. 395 millionsPassage 2 The head gasket must seal combustion pressures up t0 1 000 psi in gasoline engines and up to 2 000 psi in turbocharged diesel engines. The head gasket must undergo temperature over 2 000 F. Given this severe environment, even the slightest fault in a gasket will eventually result in its failure. If the correct gasket isnt used, proper techniques arent followed or proper inspection isnt done, the seal wont be right. Here are some of the causes of gasket failure that must be recognized and understood in order to correct the problem. Hot Spots A hot spot causes metal in a small area of the head and/or block to expand excessively.This expansion can crush and damage the head gasket. As a result, the gasket may leak,erode and/or eventually burn through. If a head gasket is replaced without finding the cause of the hot spot, the replacement gasket will eventually fail, too. Hot spots also cause additional stress to the head itself, resulting in cracking or warping. Whatever overheating incident can cause the castings to distort permanently. Use a straightedge and feeler gauge to check for flatness. If either surface is damaged or out-ofjlatness, it must be resurfaced to assure proper sealing when a new gasket is installed. Coolant-Related Problems Sometimes coolant can be problematical for head gaskets in bimetal engines. Corrosion inhibitors are added to many coolants to protect all types of metals. In bimetal engines, these additives eventually form aluminum salts, which can form a coating on the radiator tubes, reducing cooling efficiency and possibly leading to gasket failure. A thorough flushing is called for in this case. In extreme cases of plugging or deterioration, radiator replacement may be the only answer. keplacing a radiator at the first sigh of a problem is usually cheaper and easier than doing a head gasket job after the engine damage has been done.46. In the following cases, when will the gasket seal be right? ( ) A. When the correct gasket is used. B. When improper techniques are followed. C. When proper inspection isnt done. D. When the gasket is under poor environment.47. In this article, how many causes will lead to the gasket failure? A. one B. two C. three D. four鼻48. When hot spots expansion crush and damage the head gasket, which of the followingmay not occur? ( ) A. The gasket may leak. B. The gasket may erode. C. The gasket may burn through. D. The gasket may distort.49. In the last paragraph, what does the bold and italic word additives imply ? ( ) A. bimetal materials B. aluminum salts C. corrosion inhibitors D. coolant 50. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? ( ) A. The head gasket must withstand temperature over 2000 F. B. Sometimes coolant can be problematical for head gaskets in bimetal engines. C. If a head gasket is replaced without finding the cause of the hot spot, the replacement gasket can be eventually normal. D.In extreme cases of plugging or deterioration, radiator replacement may be the only answer. Passage 3 The Mazdas new rotary engine RX8 doesnt develop quite as much horsepower as the twin-turbo of old, but at 207 hp. for the base engine and 247 for the high-performance version, the coupe is quick. Wasnt the rotary having problems with emissions? Yes, but the new engine has a significant design change: The exhaust ports were moved from the rotor housing to the two large, flat side housings, where the intake ports also are located.This larger space permits larger ports, plus tailoring their shape for both optimum performance and lower emissions. Without the turbos and other hardware, the new rotary engine is more compact (same height as the transmission), so for vehicle weight distribution.its moved 2.4 in. further to the rear than it was in the RX7. This puts most of the engine weight past the centerline of the front axle, a design Mazda calls advanced front midship. Rotary engines respond well to multipath air intake systems, even more than piston engines. The base engine has a three-stage intake system controlled by three flap valves, the high-output, a five-stage intake controlled by six flap valves. The valve openings are computer-controlled according to engine rpm, with the intake runners getting shorter and straighter as rpm goes up. Some aspects of the engine may bring back memories. There are two spark plugs for each of the two rotor chambers. Those plugs have an iridium center electrode and platinum-tipped side (ground) electrode. There are two fuel injecctors per chamber for the base engine, three for thehigh-output engine.The fuel injectors are not all the same. One has a 12-hole tip for ultra-fine atomization, and the other is a four-hole. The injectors are located in different places. With the high-output engine, the 12-hole is in the intermediate side housing, close to an intake port opening. The other two are in the intake manifold. With the base engine, both are in the intake manifold.51. For the high-out engine, how much hp. can it develop? ( ) A207 B247 C. 2.4 D. 4052. How do you solve the rotary engines problem with emissions? ( ) A.By moving the exhaust ports from the rotor housing to the two large, flat siding housing. B. By burning fewer fuel than before. C. By adding Three-way catalytic converter D. By using an iridium center electrode and platinum-tipped side electrode.53. Why is the new rotary engine more compact? ( ) A. Because the new rotary engine is small in size. B. Because the new rotary engine doesnt have combustion chamber . C. Because the new rotary engine doesnt have the turbochargers and other hardware. D. Because the new rotary engine responds well to multipath air intake systems.54. How many spark plugs are there in the new rotary engine? ( ) A. 1 . B. 2 C. 3 D. 455. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? ( ) . A.The Mazdas new rotary engine RX8 develops as much horsepower as the twin-turbo of old engines. B.For RX8 weight distribution its moved 2. 4 in. further to the rear than it was in the RX7. C.The base engine has a three-stage intake system controlled by three flap valves. D.There are two fuel injectors per chamber for the base engine.Passage 4 . Its widely known that for years spark plug manufactures have sold their plugs to the OEMs for as little as 12 cents each so their brand would be on the OE cars. They do this because they know that when it comes time to change the plugs, the owner is likely to replace them with the same brand. In the case of selling the plugs as replacement parts,theyll be sold at $1. 69 each. Bosch 4504 Platinum Fusion Spark Plug is the more expensive one. This tradition of low benefits is found almost everywhere in the automobile parts business. The story is much the same for tires, filters, batteries and the like. Weve all seen vehicles with over 100 000 miles on the odometer still firing the original set of spark plugs. This greatly improved life expectancy and reliability is great for the consumer, but not so great for those manufacturers who depend on aftermarket sales for big profits. One way to get around this is to convince automotive enthusiasts that a so-called performance part is really so much better than the existing part. But it takes fabulous amounts of money to tool up different parts. New designs have to be built and tested, new tools and dies have to be fashioned and even new assembly lines and fixtures may have to be created. The solution is to make a part that looks different or maybe even is slightly different,but that can be assembled and built using existing machinery. The Split Fire spark plug of a few years ago is a perfect example. Heres a spark plug thats the same as an ordinary one except the ground electrode has been split to form a V. Because it looked different, and because it seemed to be ibetter, people were willing to pay $ 5 and more for each one. This is clearly a much better business model than selling millions of spark plugs and not making a dime on any of them. 56. Why do the spark plug manufacturers sell their plugs to OEMs for 12 cents? ( ) A. Because their plugs cost is low. B. Because when it comes time to change the plugs, the owner prefers to choose their plugs. C. Because there are many spark plug manufacturers, they should complete other ones. D. Because they put forward a promotion.57. According to the passage, low benefits is found almost everywhere in the automotive parts business. Which of the following is not included? ( ) A. spark plug B. tires C. gasket D. filters58. Who has benefit when vehicles with over 100 000 miles on the odometer still fire the original set of spark plugs? ( ) A. The consumer B. Car manufacturers C. The repair shop D. Spark plug manufacturers59. How to convince automotive enthusiasts that a so-called performance part is really better than the existing part? ( )A. The new part takes a lot of money to tool up different parts.B. New designs have to be built and tested.C. New tools and dies have to be fashioned.D. We can make the part that looks different from the original one.60. According to the passage, what is a perfect example on business model? ( ) A. The ordinary spark plug