2013职称英语B级理工类押题.doc

第一部分：词汇选项 (第115题，每题1分，共15分) 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1 According to some observers, television has acquired a disquieting monopoly over peoples leisure time. A recent B business C noisy D troubling2 Professor Smith continued his research work and disregarded his colleagues advice. A ignored B deplored C explored D implored3 Before the development of movable metal type in the mid-fifteenth century, news was disseminated by word of mouth, by letter, or by public notice. A organized B requested C distributed D limited4 Corn, domesticated by the American Indians, was brought to Europe by Columbus.A trained B cultivated C implanted D reared5 Of all the wild dogs, none is more closely related to the domesticated dog than the wolf.A ordinary B tame C faithful D hunting6 The dominant theme in the music is of tranquility and peacefulness.A major B final C copious D sluggish7 During their winter hibernation period, bears doze. A sleep lightly B lose fur C go hungry D have babies8The municipal home-rule system used in many United States cities gives a city the right to draft its own charter.A enforce B make revisions in C draw up D have 9 The Little Foxes, a drama by Lillian Hellman, was first produced in New York in 1939.A play B novel C musical D dance10 The new wing of the National Art Gallery in Washington D.C., drew twenty-two thousand visitors on its opening day.A captivated B attracted C entertained D fascinated11 Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawback.A property B additive C disadvantage D disparity12 A long journey in cold weather is dreadfully tiring.A unfortunately B terribly C noticeably D predictably13 The manchineel tree has smooth, pale brown bark and long, drooping branches.A spindly B prickly C sagging D blossoming14 A drop in the overall price of goods and services may signal a period of deflation.A A freeze B A pattern C A fall D An interest15 The drought destroyed the crops in the Southwest of the United States.A dry period B precipitation C locusts D temperature extreme第二部分：阅读判断 (第1622题，每题1分，共7分) 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。The Fat Problem that Men Face It is a pleasure to see men of a certain age worrying about their weight. Listening to them is not such a pleasure. Because the men are new at the game, they dont hesitate to discuss the fat problem incessantly. However women of the same age do not discuss the fat problem, especially not in mixed company. They prefer to face the problem with quiet dignity. Discussing the problem might only draw attention to some stray body part that may be successfully tucked away under an article of clothing.The age at which a man begins to explore the fat problem can vary. The actual problem can manifest itself in the early 30s,but broad-range discussion usually starts later. There are early nonverbal symptoms .Ive watched the rugged journalist who shares my apartment sneak by with a Diet Coke. His shirts are no longer neatly tucked in to display a trim waist. Recently he has begun to verbalize his anxiety .He tells me, with a sheepish grin, that he is taking his suits to Chinatown to have them”tailored”.Still-older men have lost their dignity and rattle on unabashedly.Often wives and children play important roles in their fat-inspection rituals. Take my oldest brother, a former college football, for example, his daughter says that several times a day he will stand at attention and call out,”Fat, medium or thin?”She knows the correct answer: medium. Thin would be an obvious stretch, and fat may not get her that new video. According to his wife, he stands in front of the mirror in the morning(before the days meals take their toll),puts his hands behind his head and lurches into a side bend, then clutches the roll that has developed and says,”Am I getting fatter?”His wife is expected to answer,”you look like you may have lost a few pounds”.And then there are the ex-husbands a pitiful group. They are extremely vocal .When I go to the movies with one, he confides that he is suffering from great hunger because he is dieting. He hasnt eaten since the pancakes and sausages he wolfed down that morning. He pauses in his monologue while he buys his popcorn. After the movie, we sprint to a restaurant, where he again pauses to devour a basket of bread. Before he orders his chaste salad and soup, he grows plaintive. Do I think hes fat?16 Men of a certain age are always ready to talk about their fat problem.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 Women of a certain age do not discuss the fat problem, especially in the presence of men.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 Men usually begin to worry about their weight when they are nearly 40.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 The journalist used to drink Diet Coke and tuck his shirts in order to keep trim.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 Men older than the journalist never hesitate to talk about their fat problem yet would be displeased if their family members tell them the truth.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 My oldest brothers daughter would not tell her father he is fat because she loves him so much that she cannot bear to upset him.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 The ex-husbands are pitiful because they have got no wives to sympathize with their fat problem.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第2330题，每题1分，共8分) 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。How to Get along Well with Your Boss 1 Before you argue with your boss, check with the bosss secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the bosss secretary, there are key to timing dont approach the boss when hes on deadline, dont go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed, dont go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.2 If youre mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And dont let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then maybe he will dismiss you.3 Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.4 Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you cant put forward an immediate solution ,at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they cant get past the secretary.5 To deal effectively with a boss, its important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss ,then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.A Keep Your Voice Low All the TimeB Put Yourself in the Bosss PositionC Propose Your SolutionD Dont Go in When You Are AngryEMake the Issue ClearF Never Give In23 Paragraph 2 24Paragraph 3 25 Paragraph 4 26 Paragraph 5 27 If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first 28 It is necessary to make clear to the boss 29It is not wise to present the boss with a problem 30 You must be considerate and think of the troubles A to give the boss your adviceB how he is feelingC the boss may haveD what you really want to talk to him aboutE without suggesting a way to solve itF how unhappy you are 第四部分：阅读理解 (第3145题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇 “Dont Drink Alone” Gets New MeaningIn what may be bad news for bars and pubs, an European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those taking their libations with food. Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the drinking patterns of 1,500 patients from four cancer studies and another 3,500 adults who had never had cancer. After the researchers accounted for the amount of alcohol consumed, they found that individuals who downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals faced at least a 50 to 80 percent risk of cancer in the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus, when compared with people who drank only at meals. Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal cancer. “Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites traced too smoking or drinking by study volunteers,” Dal Maso says. The discouraging news his team reports, is that drinking with meals didnt eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites. For their new analysis, the European scientists divided people in the study into four groups, based on how many drinks they reported having in an average week. The lowest-intake group included people who averaged up to 20 drinks a week. The highest group reported downing at least 56 servings of alcohol weekly for an average of eight or more per day. Cancer risks for the mouth and neck sites rose steadily with consumption even for people who reported drinking only with meals. For instance, compared with people in the lowest-consumption group, participants who drank 21 to 34 alcohol servings a week at least doubled their cancer risk for all sites other than the larynx. If people in these consumption groups took some of those drinks outside meals, those in the higher consumption group at least quadrupled their risk for oral cavity and esophageal cancers. People in the highest-consumption group who drank only with meals had 10 times the risk of oral cancer, 7 times the risk of pharyngeal cancer, and 16 times the risk of esophageal cancer compared with those who averaged 20 or fewer drinks a week with meals. In contrast, laryngeal cancer risk the high-intake, with-meals-only group was only triple that in the low-intake consumers who drank with meals. “Alcohol can inflame tissues. Over time, that inflammation can trigger cancer.” Dal Maso says. He suspects that food reduced cancer risk either by partially coating digestive-tract tissues or by scrubbing alcohol off those tissues. He speculates that the reason laryngeal risks were dramatically lower for all study participants traces to the tissues lower exposure to alcohol.31. Researchers have found that the risk of cancer in the mouth and neck is higher with people A. who drink alcohol outside of meals. B. who drink alcohol at meals. C. who never drink alcohol at meals. D. who drink alcohol at bars and pubs. 32.Which of the following is NOT the conclusion made by the researchers about “drinking with meals”? A. It has a lower risk of cancer than drinking without food. B. It may also be a cause of cancer. C. It increases by 20 percent the possibility of cancer in all sites. D. It does not eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites. 33. Approximately how many drinks do the lowest-intake group average per day? A. 3 drinks. B. 8 drinks. C. 20 drinks. D. 56 drinks. 34. Which cancer risk is the lowest among all the four kinds of cancer mentioned in the passage? A. Oral cancer. B. Laryngeal cancer. C. Pharyngeal cancer. D. esophageal cancer. 35. According to the last paragraph, tissues lower exposure to alcohol A. explains why inflammation triggers cancer. B. accounts for why food can coat digestive-tract tissues. C. is the reason why food can scrub alcohol off tissues. D. reduces the risk of laryngeal cancer. 第二篇 Teaching Math, Teaching AnxietyIn a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school, the psychologists at the University of Chicago Sian Beilock and Susan Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn: If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills, then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math. If these girls keep getting math-anxious female teachers in later grades, it may create a snowball effect on their math achievement, said Levine. In other words, girls may end up learning math anxiety from their teachers. The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are, then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident. Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult, teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn and teach. The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone. Researchers use the word anxiety to describe such feelings: anxiety is uneasiness or worry. The new study found that when a teacher has anxiety about math, that feeling can influence how her female students feel about math. The study involved 65 girls, 52 boys and 17 first- grade and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest. The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year, and the researchers compared the scores. The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed that a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the researchers turned to the teachers: To find out which teachers were anxious about math, the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math, such as when reading a sales receipt. A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt, for example, was probably anxious about math. Boys, on average, were unaffected by a teachers anxiety. On average, girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did. Plus, on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy, 20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers who had math anxiety. “This is an interesting study, but the results need to be interpreted as preliminary and in need of replication with a larger sample, ”said David Geary, a psychologist at the University of Missouri in Columbia.36.What is the result of the research at the University of Chicago, according to the first paragraph?A Girls comfortable with their own math skills are better than boys at math. B Girls uncomfortable with their own math skills are not as good as boys at math. C Female teachers math skills have influence over girl students math skills. D Female teachers confidence in their math skills is related to girls math skills. 37. What is implied in the third paragraph ?A Math teachers, like math learners, do not like the subject due to its difficulty. B A difficult subject like math may affect teachers confidence in teaching the subject. C Teachers are more anxious teaching math than their students learning math. D Math is so difficult that no teachers like to teach it. 38. According to the experiment, those teachers were probably anxious about math when they feltA nervous memorizing the numbers of a sales receipt. B helpless saving the, numbers of a sales receipt. C uneasy reading the numbers of a sales receipt. D hopeless filling in the numbers of a sales report. 39 . The sixth paragraph tells us that the research findings A prove a strong link between female teachers math anxiety and their female students math achievements.B show that male students are less likely to be affected by their math anxiety than female students. C provide strong evidence that math superstars are more likely to be males than females. D discover a strong link between teachers math anxiety and their students math achievements. 40. David Geary thinks that A the study is interesting but it is based on unreliable research process. B the research results need to be retested based on a larger sample. C the research results need to be reinterpreted to be meaningful. D the study is well based and produces significant results. 第三篇 Electronic Mail(E-mail)During the past few years, scientists the world over have suddenly found themselves productively engaged in task they once spent their lives avoidingwriting, any kind of writing, but particularly letter writing. Encouraged by electronic mails surprisingly high speed, convenience and economy, people who never before touched the stuff are regularly, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence. Electronic networks, woven into the fabric of scientific communi