高三英语 Unit2 Cloning单元测试 新人教版选修8.doc

unit 2 cloning 单元测试(满分：120分，时间：120分钟)第一部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly_size and shape.aon bfrom cby din解析句意：各种各样的树上都有树叶，但是大小和形状各不相同。differ in sth意为“在方面不同，有差异”，符合题意。differ on sth意为“对某事有异议”；differ from sb/sth意为“与某人/某事不同”；differ不能与by构成搭配。答案d2although metals_widely in quality such as strength and hardness, they all have certain qualities in_.avary; general bdiffer; commoncreact; particular ddivide; detail解析考查动词及固定短语辨析。句意：虽然金属的某些特性诸如强度和硬度等有很大差别，但是它们具有某些共同特性。第一个空用vary和differ皆可，表示“不同，有差异”。react意为“对作出反应”；divide意为“把整体分成个体”。第二个空要用in common，表示“共同的，共有的”。in general “一般说来”；in particular“特别地，尤其是”；in detail“详细地”。答案b3his sister was against my suggestion while his brother was_it.ain honor of bin memory ofcin favor of din search of 解析句意：他的姐姐反对我的提议，可是他弟弟却赞成。in favor of“赞成；支持”，根据be against与表示转折的while可知该项符合题意。in honor of“为了纪念”；in memory of“为了纪念”；in search of“寻找”。答案c4what are your_for judging a bottle of wine? aregulations brulesclevel dcriteria解析句意：你判断一瓶葡萄酒的标准是什么？ criteria 意为“(评判之)标准，准则”； regulation意为“规则；规定”；rule和regulation类似，意为“规定，规则，章程，条例”； level意为“水平，级别”。答案d5i forbid_here, who has permitted you_here?asmoking；to make bsmoke；smokingcsmoking；smoking dto smoke；smoking解析forbid doing sth 禁止做某事，permit sb to do sth允许某人做某事。句意：我这儿禁止抽烟，谁让你在这儿抽烟的？答案a6the people of china are strongly_the world peace and are strongly against the behavior which stops it.ain favor of bin terms ofcin place of din need of解析句意：中国人民强烈支持世界和平，强烈反对阻止世界和平的行为。in favor of支持，赞同；in terms of在方面；in place of代替；in need of需要。答案a7we are thinking of expanding our business and hope we will establish business relations with you very_.aimmediately bshortlychardly dright away解析考查副词辨析。句意：我们正在考虑拓展业务，希望和你们尽快确立业务关系。shortly“不久”，符合题意。immediately“立刻”；hardly“几乎不”；right away“立刻，马上”。答案b8we thought of asking him for help, but we were_to get in touch with him at that time.ahappy banxious ceasy dunable解析be unable to do sth不能做某事。句意：我们想请求他的帮助，但那时我们与他联系不上。答案d9hes_to fail the exam if he doesnt do any revision.anear bfit cbound deasy解析句意：如果他不做任何复习的话，他肯定会考试不及格。be bound to do sth肯定做某事。答案c10although he tried to focus on his reading in the study, toms attention was attracted by the loud music outside_.ain time bin no timecon time dfrom time to time解析句意：在书房里，尽管汤姆努力把精力集中到阅读上，但是他的注意力不时被外面吵闹的音乐吸引。in time及时；in no time立刻，马上；on time按时；from time to time不时地，偶尔。答案d11seeing your picture, i couldnt resist_the days_i was in the university.ato think of; when bto think of; which cthinking of; which dthinking of; when解析cant resist doing sth 禁不住做某事。第二个空是由when引导的定语从句，引导词在定语从句中作状语 。答案d12as the interview went on, i suddenly felt that my years at the training center began to_. as i expected, i was offered a wellpaid job.atake off bgive awaycpay off dgive out解析句意：随着面试的进行，我突然感到在培训中心的几年开始有所回报，正如所期待的那样，我获得了一份高薪工作。pay off偿清(欠款等)，贿赂，取得成功，有报偿。答案c13mary didnt get there on time because of the heavy fog. whats more, her car was in poor_.aposition bconditioncsituation ddirection解析考查固定短语。句意：由于大雾，玛丽没能准时到达那里。另外，她的车状况不好。in poor condition是固定短语，意为“情况/状况不好”，故选b。答案b14i couldnt resist_online for over 6 hours a day once my vacation began, but then i got tired of it three days later. ato chat bchattedcchat dchatting解析句意：假期一开始，我就忍不住在网上聊了六个小时，但三天之后，我就厌倦了。cant resist doing sth 禁不住做某事。答案d15sorry to_you, but could you tell me how to get to the icbc?no problem.ainterrupt bbothercinterfere dworry解析考查动词辨析。句意：对不起，打扰一下，您能告诉我去中国工商银行怎么走吗？当然可以。bother意为“打扰”，sorry to bother you“对不起，打扰一下”是常用语。interrupt “打断，中断”；interfere“干预”；worry“使担心”。答案b二、完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面两篇短文，掌握大意，然后从1635各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。(a)anna douglas was 72 years old when she started writing her newspaper column.she had been a school teacher before she retired，but she needed to keep_16_.she was even willing to work without pay.she then offered her_17_to a business that helped other businesses find jobs for old people.every day she_18_other old folks like her，by talking with them，she_19_two things.old people had abilities that were not used.but old people also had some_20_.she found a new purpose for herself then.through the years，she used to write stories about people for national magazines.there was now a new_21_：old people like herself.she began to write a newspaper column called“sixty plus”，which was about_22_old.she writes about the problems of old people，especially their problems with being_23_.anna douglas uses her_24_ability to see the truth behind a problem.she understands why problems begin.for example，one of her_25_said that his grandchildren_26_the houses as soon as he came to visit.mrs.douglas_27_some ways for him to understand his grandchildren.16a.free brich cpowerful dbusy解析她从教师工作上退了下来，然而她需要一直忙碌着(busy)。从下文she was even willing to work without pay可作提示。答案d17a.services bmoney cstudents dbooks解析从空后的that helped other businesses find jobs for old people可以看出，她提供的是服务(services)。答案a18a.observed bmet ccomforted danswered解析从空后的by talking with them可以看出，anna douglas每天都与很多老年人会面(met)，而不是观察或安慰他们。答案b19a.enjoyed bfollowed crecognized ddemanded解析通过与他们交谈，她认识到两件事情。接下来的两句便是她认识到的事情。recognize在这里是“认识到”的意思。答案c20a.mistakes bproblemscquestions dcharacters解析然而老年人也有老年人的问题(problems)。根据下文可知，有一位老年人不受其孙子女的欢迎，这是他面临的问题。答案b21a.subject blife cway dplan解析联系上下文old people like herself是报纸的一个话题(subject)，因此其他选项不符合题意。答案a22a.getting brespecting cemploying dsupporting解析get old在这里为系表结构。答案a23a.unknown brefused cmisunderstood ddiscouraged解析根据下文作者举的例子说明，很多老年人被其孙子女误解(misunderstood)。答案c24a.thinking bworking creading dleading解析从空后的see the truth behind a problem可知，anna douglas用的是thinking ability。答案a25a.visitors breaders clisteners dfriends解析根据上文可知，anna douglas是靠写文章与老年人交流，故用readers。答案b26a.got bentered cleft dpassed解析联系上下文可知，这位老年人与其孙子女关系并不融洽，因此当他进来时，孩子们就离开(left)。答案c27a.suggested bchose cinvented dimagined解析anna douglas向他提出了一些建议(suggested)，设法理解他的孙子女。答案a(b)there are a lot of situations in life where we need help.i dont believe that there are many people who have not been_28_by someone else at some point in their lives.it may be_29_through verbal support，or help to overcome a_30_that one faces in a personal or professional way.some years ago，i helped a client of mine，which i think was part of my responsibilities.and there is absolutely no intention to form a lasting friendship.how wrong i was！because of my work location being near to a former client，i occasionally ran into this person.what was_31_was that this person continued to say how i had helped him gain a level of_32_.and，the beauty of this confidence spread to his family，colleagues and friends.i was very_33_that this confidence isnt a onetime event but was now appearing through their_34_life.and，what had started out as a client in need turned out to be a lifelong friend.as the old saying_35_，what goes around comes around.28a.refused bassisted clearned dpersuaded解析根据前文“there are a lot of situations in life where we need help”可知，许多人在人生中的某个时刻得到过别人的帮助。答案b29a.already balways chardly dsimply解析这种帮助可能仅仅通过语言。simply仅仅，只是。答案d30a.danger bmistake cdifficulty dhabit解析或者是从个人或专业的角度帮助克服困难。答案c31a.unexpected buncertain cunpleasant dunreasonable解析根据上文“no intention”可知，那个人说我帮助了他，这是“我”没有预想到的。答案a32a.bravery bconfidence chonesty dleadership解析根据后文“the beauty of this confidence spread.”可知，我帮他获得“信心”。答案b33a.afraid bdisappointed cpleased dcurious解析作者为这种信心带来的变化感到高兴。故选c。答案c34a.real bdaily clong dhard解析这种信心不只是昙花一现，而是贯穿到他们的日常生活中。daily对应前面的onetime。答案b35a.turns bbegins cgoes dleaves解析像俗话说的那样，go表达，传达。答案c第二部分 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。aan extinct mountain goat that was once common in the pyrenees briefly became the first animal to be brought back from extinction, as researchers used frozen dna to produce a clone. but the newborn kid died within minutes of birth due to breathing difficulties, signaling that the jurassic park dream of resurrecting extinct species is still some way off.the pyrenean ibex, or bucardo, is a subspecies of the spanish ibex that is believed to have died out completely in 2000. before the death of the last known individual (a 13yearold female known as celia), biologists captured her and took cells from her skin and ears, which were frozen in liquid nitrogen(氮). an earlier cloning attempt using the skin cells failed during gestation. but the latest attempt involved the creation of 439 ibexgoat hybrid cloned embryos(胚胎). of these cloned embryos,57 were transferred into surrogate mothers and seven resulted in pregnancies, but only one goat gave birth and the newborn clone died after seven minutes as a result of lung desease.researchers say that other cloned animals, including sheep, have been born with similar lung defects, but they say that overall the experiment was a major step forward in the effort to bring the ibex back to its mountain home. says lead researcher jose folch: “the delivered kid was genetically identical to the bucardo. in species such as bucardo, cloning is the only possibility to avoid its complete disappearance”the failure to produce a viable clone from dna that was frozen only a decade ago illustrates the difficulty researchers would face in trying to bring back species that have been extinct for decades, centuries, millennia, or epochs. researchers have floated the idea of bringing back the tasmanian tiger, which went extinct in 1936, and others hope that woolly mammoths preserved in permafrost could one day be resurrected.those efforts are still largely hypothetical. there are, however, other serious proposals for cloning endangered animals, such as the giant panda, the african bongo antelope, the sumatran tiger and the pygmy hippo. the methods advocates believe it offers hope of preserving the genetic diversity of these animals before they die out.【语篇解读】 科学家通过冻结的dna成功地克隆了一只比利牛斯野生山羊。这种野生山羊在2000年就已经灭绝了。36what do we know about the cloned ibex?ait died of lung disease.bit was the first cloned animal in the world.cit lived for thirteen years.dit was born in 2000.解析细节理解题。根据第二段the newborn cloned kid died after seven minutes as a result of lung disease.可知，这只克隆羊死于肺病。答案a37jose folch would agree that cloning_.ais not suitable and should be bannedbrequires immediate attentioncshould be carried out cautiouslydmay help prevent animal extinctions解析细节理解题。根据第三段cloning is the only possibility to avoid its complete disappearance.可知， jose folch认为克隆有可能避免物种灭绝。答案d38we can conclude from the passage that_.acloning has developed quickly in developed countriesbno more animals will die out in the futureccloning makes it possible to preserve endangered speciesdcloning seldom results in physical problems for animals解析推理判断题。根据最后一段supporters believe cloning provides hope of keeping these endangered animals alive before they die out.可以推断，运用克隆技术来挽救濒危动物是有希望的。答案c39whats the best title for this passage?agreat advancement in cloning goatsbdifficulties in saving extinct animalscpublic concerns about cloningdcloning brought back an extinct species for a while解析主旨大意题。通读全文，可知科学家们克隆了一只已经灭绝的比利牛斯野生山羊，但这只羊在出生不久就死了，故d项最适合作文章标题。答案dbwe each have a unique genetic(基因的，遗传的) makeup. every cell of your body has the same set of about 100,000 separate genes made of dna.these are the instructions for producing a person. genes decide everything from the colour of your skin to the way your brain works. you have one of several billion combinations of dna which come from the random mixing of your parents genes. except for identical twins(同卵双胞胎), no one has the same combination as another person. you are unique! you are unique in another way too: in the way you are raised and all the experiences you have from before birth to adult life. these experiences influence you, your behaviour and attitudes, and the choices you make.but are genes or life experiences more important in shaping your appearance and personality? scientists are studying twins to find out. one set of twins occurs every 70 birthssome are identical and others are nonidentical twins. identical twins are special because they share exactly the same genes and often the same environment. nonidentical twins are more like ordinary brothers and sisters.some identical twins have been adopted and brought up in different homes. with identical genes but a different home environment, scientists can study twins to see how much a particular feature depends on the genes we inherit. for example, we know that eye problems, like shortsightedness, are mostly genetic.but resistance to pain is largely dependent on experiences. genes also influence our eating habits. identical twins brought up apart often like to eat at the same time of day and feel full after eating the same amount. nonidentical twins in similar circumstances have more varied eating habits. identical twins are also more likely to follow the same patterns for marriage and divorce than nonidentical twins.scientists are trying to identify the different genes that influence our behaviour. some people are thrillseekers and get into risktaking and adventurous activities.they take up extreme sports like bungee jumping and possibly take drugs. scientists have discovered a gene which affects this.we could ask，“are our lives determined by our genes or our upbringing？” scientists are learning more all the time, but it is certainly true that both are important in making us who we are.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍基因和生活经历对人的外貌、性格等的形成所起的作用。 40. what is the main idea of the first paragraph?awe cannot easily change our physical appearance.bhow we turn out depends on our parents genes.ceveryone has a physical double somewhere in the world.dboth our genes and our experiences make us who we are.解析主旨大意题。第一段主要介绍人的特殊性的两个原因：一个是遗传基因，一个是生活经历。答案d41. why are scientists studying twins?ato find out how many twins are born every year.bto discover what shapes us as individuals.cto compare differences between twins.dto study brotherandsister relationships.解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，科学家正在研究双胞胎，是为了弄清楚到底是遗传基因还是生活经历在塑造人的外貌和性格上起着更重要的作用。答案b42. according to the passage，_.aone in 70 twins are genetically identicalbnonidentical twins are usually not of the same sexctwins separated at birth behave exactly the samedidentical twins are genetically the same解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“except for identical twins (同卵双胞胎)，no one has the same combination as another person.”可知，同卵双胞胎的基因是相同的。答案d43. which of the following is most affected by experience according the passage?aeating habits. beyesight.cpain resistance. dmarriage patterns.解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but resistance to pain is largely dependent on experiences.”可知，应选c。答案cchave you seen jurassic park? in this film, scientists use dna kept for tens of millions of years to clone dinosaurs. they find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and more dangerous than expected.thats nothing more than a fiction.but could we really clone endangered animals?to date, the most successful attempt to do so was the cloning of a gaur, a rare oxlike animal from southeast asia.scientists used a cow to bring the cloned baby gaur, named noah. two days after birth, however, noah died from a common bacterial infection. other endangered species that may be cloned include the african bongo antelope (邦戈羚羊), the sumatran tiger, the cheetah (猎豹), and the giant panda.next, could we really clone extinct animals?in theory? yes. to do this, you need a wellkept source of dna from the extinct animals such as wool mammoth (毛象), tasmanian tiger, or even dinosaur, and a closely related species, still living, which could serve as a surrogate_mother.in reality? probably not. on the one hand, its not likely that extinct animals dna could survive undamaged for such a long time. cloning extinct animals as wool mammoth, tasmanian tiger, or dinosaur is much more difficult due to the lack of properly wellpreserved dna.on the other hand, for example, a gaur can have a cow as a_surrogate_mother,_definitely not a monkey. but what about an extinct animals as unique as the panda? what species could possibly serve as a surrogate mother?cloning presents many exciting possibilities. however, even if extinct animals are brought back, they could not survive in todays world.not only do most extinct animals have no habitat to love in, but the other plants a