中考时态汇总讲解+习题(现在,过去,将来,进行,完成).doc

一般现在时的用法一、概述一般现在时表示习惯性、经常性、反复性的动作或存在的状态。“习惯性、经常性、反复性”是一般现在时的三大特性，它不表示特定时间内发生的事。二、一般现在时的结构时态的结构指的是动词的变化形式。一般现在时间有两种结构，一种是动词原形，用于主语为非第三人称时的情况；另一种为动词的第三人称单数形式，用于主语为第三人称时的情况。Eg1.We often get up early in the morning.Eg2.My father often gets up early in the morning.三、谈谈“主语为三单，其后动词s添”在一般现在时中，当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。可以简单叙述为“主语为三单，其后动词s添”。何谓第三人称单数？用一句话概括就是“非你、非我、非复数”，如he, she, it, my father, my mother, my sister, our English teacher, Tom, Mike, Liu Jia, China, my book, etc.Eg3.He sometimes goes to school by bike.Eg4.My father works in the hospital as a doctor.四、动词第三人称单数变化规则动词第三人称变化的规则与可数名词复数变化的规则相同。规则一、一般在词尾加-s。如：looks, puts. reads, sees, skis等。规则二、以-o, -s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的加-es。如：goes, does, misses, passes, mixes, fixes, pushes, wishes, watches, teaches,等。规则三、以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。注意一定是辅音字母加y才变，若是元音字母加y，则直接加-s。如：flyflies, trytries,fryfries,copycopies buybuys,enjoyenjoys,playplays,saysays,paypays五、一般现在时的句子转换当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等等)提到主语的前面变成一般疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句.例：陈述句：She is a student.一般疑问句 Is she a student?否定句 She is not a student.陈述句：I can swim.一般疑问句 Can you swim?否定句 I can not swim.当句子中即没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，则在主语前加助动词do (you,以及复数), does（单数she,he,it）变成一般疑问句；在主语后谓语动词前加助动词dont（I,you,以及复数), doesnt（单数she,he,it）变成否定句，助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。例：陈述句：We get up at 7:00 every morning.一般疑问句Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?否定句We dont get up at 7:00 every morning.陈述句：She has a little brother.一般疑问句 Does she have a little brother?否定句 She doesnt have a little brother.六、练习巩固1.写出下列动词的三单形式go_ catch_ do_ buy_ have_ brush_ wash_ watch_ drink _ fly_ say_ learn _ eat_ read_ sing_ buy_ study_ stay _ make _ look _ pass_ carry _ come_ plant_ teach_2.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. We often_(play) in the playground.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3._you_(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What_ (do) he usually_ (do) after school?5.Danny_(study)English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she often_(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9.How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time_his mother_(do) the housework?3.选择题1. I _to school at 7:00 in the morning.A. go B. going C. goes2. They _books every day in the library.A.reads B. read C. reading3. The monkey_ eating bananas very much.A.like B. likes C. liking4. My father _to read newspaper after supper every day.A.like B. likes C. liking5. I like watching TV, but my mother _like it.A. dont B. doesnt C. does6. _ your father drink milk every day?A.do B. are C. does7. We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow.dont rain B. didnt rain C.doesnt rain D. isnt rain 8. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets9.Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen10. Jenny_ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied4.改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _5.把下列句子变成一般疑问句（并作肯定和否定回答）、否定句例：I like cooking.Do you like cooking? Yes, I do. No, I dont. I dont like cooking.1.My friends like playing soccer.2.They speak English every day.3.Daniel watches TV every evening4.John is from Canada. 5.Tom does his homework at home.6.My dog runs fast. 7.Amy likes playing computer games. 8.She can play the piano well.一般过去时1、 概述一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。二、一般过去时的句子转换1Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。2句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didnt +动词原形。 如：Jim went home yesterday. Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ 如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday?What did Jim do yesterday?三、动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied词义现在（原形）过去词义现在（原形）过去是am, is (be)was学习learnlearned, learnt是are (be)were允许，让letlet成为becomebecame躺lielay开始beginbegan制造makemade弯曲bendbent可以maymight吹blowblew意味meanmeant买buybought会见meetmet能cancould必须mustmust捕捉catchcaught放置putput选择choosechose读readread来comecame骑、乘riderode切cutcut响、鸣ringrang做do, doesdid跑runran画drawdrew说saysaid饮drinkdrank看见seesaw吃eatate将shallshould感觉feelfelt唱歌singsang发现findfound坐下sitsat飞flyflew睡觉sleepslept忘记forgetforgot说speakspoke得到getgot度过spendspent给givegave扫sweepswept走gowent听hearheard成长growgrew受伤hurthurt有have, hashad保持keepkept5不规则动词过去式：四、练习巩固1.写出下列动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _2.用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.3.句型变换1 There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_回答：_2 They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑问句：_回答：_4.用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.11. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day.12. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.13. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)14. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)15. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.16. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.17. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.18 We _ (go) to school on Sunday.19. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.20. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.21. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)22. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)23. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.24. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)25. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water)26. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.27. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.28.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk)5.句型转换1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句)_ he _ _ meat in the fridge?3、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ she _ there?4、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_ there _ orange in the cup?6.中译英1我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 _2他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 _3一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。 _4. 格林先生去年住在中国。 _5. 昨天我们参观了农场。 _6. 他刚才在找他的手机。 _7. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。I _ _ _ _ exciting weekend.8. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。Jenny likes _ _. She _ an English book last night.9. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。Emma _ TV every day. But he _ _ yesterday. 10. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。What _ they _ _ Saturday? They _ and _一般将来时一、用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词。 如：go，come，leave，arrive等，也可用于其他动作动词。We are having fish for dinner. We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow.这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，如果不带时间状语，则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。A: Where are you going? B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me?A: Yes，I am just coming. Wait for me.二、用be going to do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示“意图”，即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。Are you going to post that letter? How long is he going to stay here? I am going to book a ticket.另一意义是表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。Its going to rain. George is putting on weight; he is going to be quite fat.三、用will/ shall do表示将来：基本结构：She will come to have class tomorrow. Will she come to have class tomorrow? She wont come to have class tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow?肯定形式：am/is/are going to + do；will/shall + do. 否定形式：am/is/are not going to + do；will/shall not + do. 四、一般将来时的时间状语时间状语：tonight 今晚 the day after tomorrow 后天 ， this evening 今晚this afternoon 这个下午， this Sunday 这个周日 ， this week 这周，this month 这个月， this year 今年， next week 下周 ， next month 下个月， next year 明年 ， tomorrow morning 明天早上 ,tomorrow afternoon 明天下午， tomorrow evening 明天晚上， in two days 两天之后，in two weeks 两周之后 ，in two years 两年之后， later 一会儿， soon 很快 the year after next 后年in the morning the day after tomorrow 后天早上in the afternoon the day after tomorrow 后天下午in the evening the day after tomorrow 后天晚上 this morning 过去时 this afternoon 过去时和将来时this evening 将来时五、练习巩固1.用所给动词的一般将来时填空1. I _（leave）in a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave）.2. How long _ you _（study）in our country? I _（plan）to be here for about one more year. I _（hope）to visit the other parts of your country. What _ you _（do）after you _（leave）here? I _（return）home and _（get）a job.3. I _（be）tired. I _（go）to bed early tonight.4. Marys birthday is next Monday, her mother _（give）her a present.5. It is very cold these days. It _（snow）soon.6. _ you _（be）here this Saturday? No. I _（visit）my teacher.7. _ I _（get）you a copy of todays newspaper? Thank you.8. I am afraid there _（be）a meeting this afternoon. I cant join you.9. Mike _（believe, not）this until he _（see）it with his own eyes.10. Most of us dont think their team _（win）.2.单项选择1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be2. Charlie _ here next month.A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will beD. Are; going to be; will be6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。）A. No, you wont B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont D. No, please.8. Where is the morning paper? I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get9. _ a concert next Saturday?A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are10. If they come, we _ a meeting.A. have B. will have C. had D. would have11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to give12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there.A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote13. He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）.A. they willnt B. they wont. C. they arent D. they dont.16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go17. We _ the work this way next time.A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park.A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. are going to watch20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday.A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be21. They _ an English evening next Sunday.A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D.is going to have22. _ you _ free next Sunday?A. Will; areB. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be23. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning.A. will B. is C. will be D. be24. _ your brother _ a magazine from the library?A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows25. Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? _ （好的）.A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please D. No, you wont.26. It _ the year of the horse next year.A. are going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is27. _ open the window?A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you 28. Lets go out to play football, shall we? OK. I _.A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming29. It _ us a long time to learn English well.A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend30. The train _ at 11.A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving3.把下列各句译成英语1我叔叔今晚要来。 2他没有打算住那座小屋。3我们要读这本书。4你爸爸要去钓鱼吗？不，他要去游泳。现在进行时一、基本结构现在进行时的构成：Am/is/ are+ v-ing是现在进行时的构成形式v-ing现在分词的构成： 一般情况 +ingfalling以不发音字母e结尾的单词去e, +ing having以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时.双写词尾字母+ingputting【科普】么是音节？闭音节？重读闭音节？ 1、 英语单词是由字母组成的，字母构成音节。一般来讲有一个元音就是一个音节。含一个元音的词叫作单音节词，含两个或两个以上元音的单词叫作双音节或多音节词。单音节词都是重读音节，双音节和多音节词中一般有一个重读音节，其他的是弱读音节。2、 闭音节：闭音节是两个辅音中间有一个元音的音节。例如：not，thank，ten，am，six等。 3、 重读闭音节是需要重读的闭音节，如果是单音节一定重读，但是重读符号省略;如果是多音节，一定有一个需要重读。重读闭音节（辅音1+元音+辅音2）中的辅音2在构词法中要双写，如果不重读，如listen中的第二个音节ten(闭音节)中的n就不用双写，因为重读在第一个音节lis上 有一些特殊变化(或者说以Ie为结尾的重读闭音节的动词)的现在分词有3个: lyinglie, dying die tyingtie 这些以ie结尾要去e再把I变y再加ing二、现在进行时的基本用法表示说话时正在进行的动作常和now连用，有时用一个动词如look（看）、listen（听）来表示now（现在）这一时间概念。 Look！A train is coming.看！火车来了 Listen！He is playing the piano.听！他在弹钢琴。表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但不一定是说话时正在进行。常和at present（目前）、this week（本周）、these days（这几天）等时间状语连用。 What lesson are you studying this week？你们本周学哪一课了？（说话时并不在学）三、一般现在时和现在进行时的区别1、一般现在时表示经常性的动作；而现在进行时表示暂时性的动作。 He walks to work.他步行上班。（习惯、经常性的动作） Hes walking to work because his bike is being repaired