核心词缀讲解.doc

一 词汇的呼唤第一组： aud表示声音 audio :diua. 仅用于名词前 1. 用于构成合成词听觉的；声音的2. related to recording and broadcasting sound录音的，音频的，声频的audit :ditv. 1. to attend a university course without having to take any examinations旁听（大学课程） 2. to officially examine a companys financial records查.的账目,审计n. 1. an official(usu. yearly) examination of business and account(政府通常一年一度的)审计,查账 词汇派生1. auditor n.旁听者;查账员,审计员真题例句1. Williams, a state auditor earing $35,000 a year. (2006阅读 Part B)auditorium ,:dit:rimn. C 1. the part of a theatre where people sit when watching a play, concert etc观众席;听众席2. large building used for concerts or public meetings音乐厅,礼堂 近hallaudience :dinsn. 1. 观众，听众，读者近spectator 2. a formal meeting with an important person（与重要的人）会见，正事拜会+with sb aut author :n. 1. 作家，著者 近writer2. the person who creates or starts a plan, an idea, etc （计划、思想等的）提倡者，创始人，发起人 v. 3. 著（书），写作，编写词汇派生1. authoress n. 女作者，女作家2. authorial a. 作者的，作家的3. authorship n. 作者，作者身份；写作，著述真题例句1. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author or his employer to pay for the paper to be published. (2008年阅读Text 2)authority :rti n. 1. the power or right you have because of your official position or because people respect your knowledge and experience权力，权威，威信2. the person ,group or organization having the power to give orders or take action or that are in charge of a particular country, areas or public affairs当局，官方，当权者 近official3. sb who knows a lot about a subject and whose knowledge and opinions are greatly respected专家，权威人士 4. books, etc that can supply reliable information or evidence可提供可靠资料或证据的书籍等；权威著作5. official permission to do sth（正式的）批准，授权短语搭配1. have sth on good authority: believe sth because you trust the person who told you about it 完全相信（用于表示信任告知你情况的人）；有可靠的证据词汇派生1. authoritative a.命令式的，权威式的；权威性的真题例句1. Australias Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. （1997阅读 Text 1）2. And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control.（2005阅读 Text 3）authorize :raizv. T 1. to give official permission for sth, or for sb to do sth 批准，授权 近empower, license, sanction词汇派生1. authorization n. 批准，授权；批准书，授权书讲解：authorize sb to do 题源例句1 The 2006 decision authorized individual smokers to sue the companies on that basis, and more than 7,000 cases were filed by a January deadline. (2008 Business week)authentic :entika. 1. known to be real an genuine and not a copy真品的，真迹的 2. made to be exactly the same or as good as the original 逼真的3.done or made in the traditional or original way正宗的，原汁原味的4.based on facts, true and accurate 可靠的，真实的 词汇派生1. authentically ad. 真正地，确实地，地道地2. authenticity n.确实性，真实性3. authenticate vt.证明.是真实的，证实真题例句1. But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music.（2005阅读 Text 4）第二组.bat 表示拍打bat btn. 1. 蝙蝠2.（板球、棒球、乒乓球等的）球板、球棒或球拍 比较racket羽毛球、网球等的球拍，有椭圆形的架子，在上面穿线v. 3. to hit the ball with a bat in crickets or a baseball（用球板、球棒、球拍等）击球battery btri n. 1. unlawfully hitting sb or the crime of this殴打（罪）近beating2.（军舰上的）炮组，排炮，炮兵连3.电池，电池组，电瓶4. +of sth a large number of things or people of the same type 一系列，一群，一套，一组 真题例句1. doing something as simple as keeping a spare battery in its original retail packaging (2007 Los Angeles Times)battle btln. 1. a fight between opposing armies, ships etc, esp. one that is part of a larger war; a violent fight between groups of people （尤指大型战争中的局部）战斗，战役；搏斗 2. a competition, an argument or a struggle between people to win power or control 较量，争论，争夺 +over sth, +with sb, +for sth 3. an attempt to solve a problem or change a difficult situation（应对困难的）奋斗，抗争 +against/for sthv. 1. to try very hade to achieve sth or to deal with sth unpleasant or dangerous +with/against sb/sth (for sth), +to do sth, +sth 奋斗，搏斗，斗争真题例句1. Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. (2000阅读Text 3)combat kmbt, kmbtn. 1. fight or fighting between two people, armies, etc （两人、两军等的）格斗，搏斗，战斗v. 1. to fight against an enemy 与.搏斗，战斗2. to take action in an organized way in order to oppose sth bad or harmful 与.斗争，打击，遏制近battle, struggle, fight真题例句1. The Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty.(2001阅读 Text 2)debate dibeitn. 1. a discussion or argument on a subject辩论；讨论，争论 +about/on/over 近argument, discussionv. 1. to discuss sth; esp. formally before making a decision or finding a solution （尤指正式）讨论，辩论+sth/whether/what/how3. to think carefully about sth before making a decision 仔细考虑，斟酌词汇派生1. debatable a.有争议的，可争论的2. debater n.参加讨论者；争论者真题例句1. Many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients. (2000阅读Text 4)2. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes. (2007阅读Text 3) barrier bri n.1. +between A and B, +against sth a thing that keeps people or things apart 障碍物，屏障，分界线 2. +to sth a thing that prevents or controls progress or movement; hindrance阻碍进步或控制活动的事物；障碍，阻力 历年真题1. .lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers demands. barely bli ad. 1.仅仅，勉强可能 2. 几乎不，几乎没有barren brn a. 1. （of land or soil 土地或土壤） not good enough for plants to grow on it贫瘠的,不毛的2. （of plants or trees 花草树木）not producing fruit or seeds 不结果的第三组. mod 表示模式，模板 mode mudn.1. a particular way of doing sth; a particular type of sth 方式；风格；样式 2. the way in which a piece of equipment is set to perform a particular task（设备的）模式，工作状态 3a particular way of feeling or behaving （情感或行为的）状态，状况 4. a particular style or fashion in clothes,art,etc.（衣着，艺术等的）形式，风格真题例句 1. At the end of adolescence , however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.(2009 阅读Text 1)modify mdifaiv.1. to change sth slightly, esp. in order to make it more suitable for a particular purpose 调整，稍作修改；使更适合 2. to make sth less extreme 缓和，使温和词汇派生1. modification n.修改，改进，改变真题例句1. Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.（2003翻译61）model mdln 1. a copy of sth. usually smaller than the original object(依照实物按比例制成)模型2.a particular design or type of product 样式；设计；模式3.sth such as a system that can be copied by other people 样本；范例4.a person or thing that is considered an excellent example of sth 典范；模范vt. 1. 做模型2. to create a copy of an activity, a situation, etc. so that you can study it before dealing with the real thing 以作模范 表示模仿的意思a. 模型的；值得效仿的真题例句1.What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talentedand human perception far more complicatedthan previously imagined.(2002 阅读 Text2)2. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model(2007 阅读 Text 3)moderate mdrt, mdreit a. 1. having or showing opinions, esp. about politics, that are not extreme 温和的，不偏激的 2.staying within the limits that are considered to be reasonable by most people 适中的，合理的3.That is neither very good, large, hot, etc nor very bad, small, cold, etc 适度的，中等的 v. to become or make sth become less extreme, severe, etc 缓和，使适中真题例句1. If the moderate end of the legal community has its way, the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability. (1999阅读Text 1)2.Other components of the coalition can be expected to try to moderate some changes in order to maintain a high degree of fiscal solidarity between rich and poor regions.（2008 Economist）modest mdista. 1.not very large, expensive, important, etc 些许的，不太大（或太贵、太重要等）的2.not talking much about your own abilities or possessions 谦虚的3.shy about showing much of the body; not intended to attract attention（人，尤指妇女或其衣着）庄重的，朴素的真题例句1. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economys long term prospects even as they do some modest belt-tightening.（2004阅读Text 3）2. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s. （2005阅读Text 4）3. in his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty.(2008翻译)accommodate kmdeit v. 1. to provide sb with a room or place to sleep, live or sit;为(某人)提供住宿(或膳宿、座位等）2.to provide enough space for sb/sth 容纳，提供空间3. to consider sth, such as sbs opinion or a fact, and be influenced by it when you are deciding what to do or explaining sth 考虑到，顾及4. to help sb by doing what they want 帮忙，为提供方便5. to change your behaviour so that you can deal with a new situation better顺应适应(新情况)词汇派生1. accommodating a. 乐于助人的，与人方便的2. accommodation n. 住处；和解，调解真题例句1. Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious thought to how they can best accommodate such changes. （2003知识运用）2. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. （2002阅读Text 1）commodity kmditi n. 1. a product or a raw material that can be bought and sold, esp. between countries（尤指国家间贸易的）商品，货物2.A thing that is useful or has a useful quality 有用的东西真题例句1. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance against the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to replace old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to feed the soil. （2000 知识运用）二形似与神似第一组： ab & adab表示背离，否定abandon vt.放弃 abnormal a.反常的，不正常的 abnormal phnomenon absorbvt.1.to take sth in through 吸收 2.include sth/sb as part of ;merge with 并吞 3.hold the interest of sb fully 使（精神）贯注a. wholly involved or occupied ; engrossed 热衷的；专注的abstracta.1.existing in thought but not having practical 抽象的；理论上的，不现实的 2.difficult to understand; 深奥的；难以理解的vt.1.to take away;remove抽取；拿走 2.to summarize;概括；归纳n.摘要，梗概plete; total 绝对的；完全的，纯粹的，确实的 2.unrestricted; unlimited; unqualified 无条件的，不受限制的 3.having unlimited power 专制的，独断的 4.certain; undoubted 确实的，肯定的ad= to 表示朝着AD = to , toward 不断的去做某事 (a , ac , af, ag ,al ,an ,ap , ar, as ,at) 1.adaptv.1.make sth suitable for a new use, situation 适合新的用途、情况2.become adjusted to new conditions,etc 适应（新环境等）2.adjustv. 1. put (sth) into the correct order or position; arrange整理；整顿；安排2 . become or make suited (to new conditions); adapt 使适合（新环境等）；适应3.admit v. 1.to permit to enter允许进入2.to permit to exercise the rights,许可，准许允许行使的权利3.to grant to be real, valid, or true确认承认是真实的，有事实依据的4.adoptv.1.take sb. Into ones family收养某人2.take over采纳3. choose sb. as a candidate or representative挑选某人作候选人或代表5.addict n. 1.person who is unable to stop taking drugs 有瘾的人2.person who is strongly interested in sth对某事物有强烈兴趣的人 v. strongly interested in sth as a hobby嗜好6.adjoininga. neighboring; contiguous贴邻的；毗邻的7.administrationn. 1 management经营2 the activity of a sovereign state in the exercise of its powers or duties行政8.admirev. 1. to regard with pleasure, wonder, and approval愉快、惊奇及赞同的心情看待2.to enjoy喜欢，想要喜欢某物9.advocatev. speak publicly in favour of (sth)拥护；recommend; support提倡；支持n.拥护者，鼓吹者，提倡者第二组： ad的同化现象1.accordv. 1.to cause to conform or agree; bring into harmony.使符合，使同意；使和谐 2.to grant , especially as being due or appropriate 授予，尤其是应当或恰当的n.符合，一致2.accumulatev.gradually get or gather together积累，聚集而成；堆积3.acknowledgev.1.accept the truth of (sth);admit(sth)承认（某事物）属实；供认（某事物） 2.report that one has received(sth)告知已收到（某物）4.assignVt. To set apart for a particular purpose ,select for a duty; appoint派给，分配，选定，指定5.attachv.1.to fasten, secure or join系贴2.to connect as an adjunct or associated condition or part使联系3.toascribe or assign归咎于4.to bind by emotional ties ,as of affection or loyalty使喜爱，使依恋第三组：co及其变体1. co- 1.cooperatev. 1. to work or act together toward a common end or purpose合作2. be compliant顺从3. benefit协作2.coordinate n. one that is equal in importance, rank, or degree同等的人或物a. 1. of equal importance, rank, or degree同等的2. of or involving coordination 协调的或涉及协调的v. 1. to place in the same order, class, or rank. 将置于同一次序、类别或等级中2. to be coordinate使同等3. to form a pleasing combination; match形成赏心悦目的组合；相配2 col/cor- 1.collaborateVt. 1. to work together协作,合作 2. to cooperate with an enemy occupation force in one s country勾结2.correlatev. to put or bring into causal, complementary, parallel, or reciprocal relation 相互联系n. either of two correlate entities; a correlative 相关一方3.correspond v. 1. to be in agreement, harmony, or conformity一致2. to communicate by letter交流【链接】correspondence n.相应，通信，信件correspondent n.通讯记者，通信者corresponding a.相应的，通讯的3com-group one: 1.combatv. n.l to oppose in battle fight against of or relating to combat战斗,搏斗, 格斗2.combinev.to bring into a state of unity to possess or exhibit in combination联合, 结合,化合n.集团,联合企业3.command1.to have control or authority over rule命令，指挥，控制2.deserve and receive as due exact应得，值得n. ability to control or use mastery掌握，运用能力4.commentn. a written note intended as an explanation an illustration注释,评论,意见v.to make a comment ;remark on 注释,评论5.commercen.trade buying and selling of goods商业,尤指国际间的贸易 commercialize v. 使商业化,使商品化6.commerciala.1. relating to commerce商业的2. involved in work that is intended for the mass market 迎合大众的,有商业气息的group two： 1.commodityn.1.商品,日用品2.货物,物品2. regularly by bus train or car between one s place of work and ones home上下班往返2.change sth into sth else改变某事物3.comprehensionn.1.understanding理解2.the knowledge that is acquired in this way理解力comprehensive a.内容广泛的总括性的,综合的4.con Group one: 1.condensev.1.become thicker or more concentrated 变稠或变浓,浓缩2.change form gas or vapour to a liquid 凝结 3.put sth into fewer words.减缩,摘要,简述2.concentratev.1.focus exclusively and intensely on sth全神贯注,精神集中,专心致志2.some or bring together at one place 集合，集中3,increase the strength of a solution by reducing its volume 浓缩 concentrate n.浓缩液 concentrated a.极度的,紧张的;表强调的,强烈的3.concentration n.专心,专注;集中,集结;浓度4.confidencen.1.trust or faith in a person or thing信赖 2.that which is confided; a secret私事3.a feeling of assurance that a confidant will keep a secret信心5.confrontv.1.to come face to face with面对2.碰到，遇到3.进行反抗6.concretea.1.existing in material form that can be touched felt etc以物质形式存在的,具体的,实体的2.definite positive确定的,明确的,确定的3.solid 凝固的vt.to build with hard strong construction magterial凝结vi. to harden solidify硬化,固化7.confessv.1.to disclose admit坦白2.to make known(one s sins)忏悔 to God or to a priest 忏悔8.conflictn.1.war战争2.a clash冲突9.contest n. a struggle for superiority or victory between rivals竞争v. 1. to compete or strive for竞争或为而奋斗；dispute or challenge辩驳第 四 组：ceive/cept 接受conceive knsi:vvt. 1.to become pregnant with offspring 怀孕2.to form or develop in the mind devise构思vi. 1. to form or hold an idea 构想出真题例句 1. Here are a few guesses a certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills winter born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity which increases conceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania none of the above . (2007 Text 1)deceive disi:v v. 1. sb in to doing sth to make sb believe sth that is not true 欺骗，蒙骗，诓骗 2.yourself to refuse to admit to yourself that sth unpleasant is true 欺骗自己词汇派生1. deceptive a. deceptive or tending to deceive. 骗人的，容易使人上当的真题例句1. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. (2003 Text 2)deceptive appearance of truth./honest 表示的虚假外表perceive psi:vv. 1. to become aware of directly through any of the senses察觉，感知2. apprehend理解，领悟真题例句1. This insight, so profound in its simplicity, opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life. (2003 Text 2)注意: perception 1 the way you notice things, especially with the senses 知觉；感知: our perception of reality 我们对现实的认识 visual perception 视觉 2. U (formal) the ability to understand the true nature of sth 洞察力；悟性:She showed great perception in her assessment of the family situation. 她对家庭状况的分析显示出敏锐的洞察力。 3. U, C (that .) (formal) an idea, a belief or an image you have as a result of how you see or understand sth 看法；见解:a campaign to change public perception of the police 改变警察公众形象的运动 There is a general public perception that standards in schools are falling. 公众普遍认为,学校的水平都在下降。第五组：fin 表示结束finite fainaita. 1. having bounds; limited有限的；有限制的真