中考：名词专项练习 1.doc

上海龙文教育您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校 龙文教育个性化辅导授课案教师： 郭宏纪 学员： 袁清浩 时间： 2013 年 9 月 22 日 5：007：00 （第1次课）教学目的了解名词的概念,掌握名词复数形式的构成、数量词的表达及名词所有格的形式教学重点 1.名词的复数形式的构成及数量表达2.名词所有格的正确运用教学难点名词的复数形式及所有格的用法考点分析 1.可数与不可数名词的区分及数量表达2.名词的复数形式及集合名词的正确运用3.名词所有格：s和of的用法4.考查题型主要是选择题和词性转换名词.名词的定义和分类1.定义2.分类按词汇意义分，名词分为专有名词和普通名词按语法意义分，名词分为可数名词和不可数名词需要记住的不可数名词：advice, air, baggage, behaviour, bread, butter, clothing, damage, dust, equipment, fun, furniture, glass, grass, housework, honesty, harm, homework, ice, luck, money, information, news, paper, knowledge, sugar, soap, progress, traffic, trouble, rice, weather, wealth, etc.基础知识梳理1.专有名词与普通名词2.名词复数形式的构成规则的复数形式不规则的复数形式单复数同形的名词复合名词的复数形式特殊的复数形式注意：下列词组中word一词的单复数，如keep/break ones word, leave word, a man of his word, word for/by word, in a word, in other words, eat ones words, the last words, waste ones words, have words with sb, have a few words(a word)with sb., etc.3.名词的数量表达4.不可数名词可数化的几种情况5.名词所有格表示有生命的名词所有格注意：下列短语中的所有格：a birds-eye view, a wolf in sheeps clothing, at a snails pace, at ones wits end, have sth. at ones fingers tips/ends, in ones minds eye, keep sth. at arms length, make a cats paw of sb., to ones hearts content, etc.表示无生命的名词的所有格注意:下列无生命的短语中的所有格to get ones moneys worth, get sb. out of harms way, at deaths door, at swords points, by a hairs breadth, within a stones throw, etc.双重所有格.考试中的注意要点1.集体名词用作整体时，谓语动词要用单数;如用作整体总的各个成员时，谓语动词则用复数。如 family (家庭成员)、committee (委员们) 等。2.有些名词的单数形式具有附属意义，谓语动词要用复数。如people (人们)、police (警察)等。3.有些名词的词尾虽带有s，但在意义上表示单数，谓语动词要用单数。如news, maths, physics, politics, etc.4.有些名词只用复数形式。如goods (货物)、trousers (裤子)、clothes (衣服、服装)等，因此谓语动词要用复数。.典例分析1. There is a map of the world in Janes storybook.注解：Jane为有生命的人，所以所有格用s表示。世界为无生命的概念，所以用of表示所有关系。但是有些指时间、距离、国家、城镇的无生命名词，也可以用s来表示所有格。如半小时的回家作业 half an hours homework, 中国的工业 Chinas industry。2. Look, these two good friends of my classmates are the winners.注释：在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词时（如a, two, some, the, that, these, those, etc），常用of词组+所有格的形式来表示所有关系。.易错点拨1. fathers made them have piano lessons.A.Peter and Anns B.Peters and Anns C. Peters and Ann D. Peter and Ann2. There are a lot people today than yesterday.A.of B./ C. most D. more3. Excuse me, are you ? No, we are . A.American, Englishman B.American, GermansC. American, Germen D. Englishman, Americans4.这些女教师们在干什么？What are the doing?5. 房间里有多少人？ How many are there in the room?6. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。 I want to buy two milk for my son.单元自测：. Choose the best answer.1.Ten years has passed. I found she had .A.a few white hairs B.a little white hair C.some white hair D.more fifty hair2. Hi, this way, please.-Ok. I sometimes have no sense of when I arrive at the crossroad.A.position B.direction C.situation D.condition3.Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first .A.intention B.attempt C.purpose D.desire4.I didnt have to work all weekend. I did it by .A.chance B.choice C.accident D.myself5.Did you get to the party? Yes, I replied to it this morning.A.an answer B.an invitation C.a question D.a letter6.I paid him 50 for the painting, but its true must be at least 500.A.price B.money C.value D.importance7.His letter was so confusing that I could hardly make any of it.A.explanation B.meaning C.sense D.guess8.Youve just missed your , and you will have to wait for the next round.A.chance B.turn C.time D.part9.Li Lin is very bright and studies hard as well.-Its no he always gets the first place in any examination.A.question B.doubt C.problem D.wonder10.How can I use this washing machine?-Well, just refer to the .A.explanation B.expressions C.introductions D.directions11.Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the .A.rooms number B.room number C.rooms numbers D.room numbers12.Hello, Id like to speak to Henry.-Oh, which ? There are two in our office.A.Henrys, Henrys B.Henries, Henries C.Henry, Henrys D.Henrys, Henries13.Electricity, like other forms of , has greatly increased in price in recent years.A.pressure B.force C.strength D.energy14.In order to learn the of the family business, Bill took a job as messenger boy in one on the offices.A.ins and outs B.dos and donts C.heads and tails D.ts and is15.Ive got an A in the examination.-Thats a good . You will surely win a second.A.result B.news C.start D.idea. Choose the best answer.A.disappearing B.without C.better D.such as E.interesting F.so that G.excited H.environment I.reasonsZoos are places where different kinds of animals are kept and shown for the public. At most modern zoos people can see, smell and hear animals in their natural way. Some zoos even have friendship farms where people can touch some of the animals. Here are some 1 why people need zoos.Firstly, zoos help people know more about animals and their 2 . They give interesting information about each animal, 3 where it comes from and how it lives. Special teachers at the zoo help children understand more about the animals. Trained guides show visitors around the zoo.Secondly, zoos are working hard to find out more about animals. New knowledge leads to better ways of looking after animals in the zoos and 4 understanding of the same animals in the wild.Thirdly, zoos play a part in protecting animals and stopping them from 5 . Zoos work together with each other to help the animals in danger. For example, gorillas(大猩猩) from Taronga Zoo were sent to live with gorillas at the Melbourne Zoo in the hope that they would give birth to babies 6 gorllas can be ke