代词易错、易混点提炼.doc

第四讲 代词易错、易混点提炼一. 教学重点：分析、讲解代词应用中容易出现的易错、易混知识点。二. 教学内容：理解并掌握易错、易混知识点，并分析易错、易混的原因。三. 代词基本知识的再回顾：（一）1英语中代词的相关知识庞杂，代词在语言使用中又极为频繁，所以，代词的用法看似简单，其实不易。建议考生认真对待代词，不可掉以轻心。 2首先要从整体上把握代词的知识，如代词种类的划分：人称代词；物主代词：形容词性物主代词，如 your；名词性物主代词，如 yours；反身代词；相互代词；指示代词；不定代词；疑问代词；连接代词(名词性从句)；关系代词 (定语从句)，了解各类代词的一般用法。更重要的是，根据上面所介绍的高考考查热点，要重点掌握几组易混词，尤其是不定代词之间的用法区别。（二）实例分析： 1. (2004上海卷，26) I had to buy_ these books because I didnt know which one was the best Aboth Bnone Cneither Dall 2. (2004吉林卷，35) Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after_ hes done for you. Asomething B. anything C. all D. that 3.(2004天津卷，30) It is easy to do there repair. _ you need is a hammer and some nails. ASomething B. All C. Both DEverything 4.(2004北京卷，21) I invited Joe and Linda to dinner，but_ of them came Aneither Beither Cnone Dboth 5. (2004福建卷，22) -which of the three ways shall I take to the village? -_ way as you please. AEach BEvery CAny DEither 6. (2004浙江卷，33) We had three sets of the garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _ . Anone Beither C. any Deach 答案 D C B A C C 知识点解析 做此类题要牢牢掌握 both，all，neither，none，either，any的用法。 both，neither，either 用于两者；all，none，any 用于三者及三者以上。 掌握这些词的基本意思后，以上题目就显得非常容易了。做此类题时，要注意设题者所给出的一些信息，第1题中的 best、第3题中的a hammer and some nails、第4题中的Joe and Linda、第5题中的three ways、第6题中的three sets of the garden tools多给出了是两者还是三者，而第2题中尽管设题者没有给出明确的数量，但是根据题意，他父亲不可能只为他做两件事，所以题意也相对明显。 7. (2004湖南卷，21) Playing tricks on others is_ we should never do Aanything Bsomething Ceverything Dnothing8. (2004重庆卷，31) - One weeks time has been wasted - I cant believe we did all that for_. Asomething Bnothing Ceverything Danything9. (2004广东卷，27) She doesnt know anyone hereShe has got_ to talk to. Aanyone Bsomeone Ceveryone Dno one答案 B B D 知识点解析 做此类题要牢牢掌握something，anything，everything，nothing；someone，anyone，everyone，no one 不定代词的用法。关于不定代词something，anything，everything，nothing等的用法，初中阶段已做过重点学习。something常用于肯定句；anything常用于否定句，如用于肯定句，意为“任何事”；someone与anyone的用法与上述something、anything的用法相一致，但表示人；everythingeveryone意为“每件(个)事(人)”，强调总体。10. (1991全国卷，28) We couldnt eat in a restaurant because_ of us had _money on us Aall；so Bany；no C. none；any Dno one；any答案 C 知识点解析 做此类题要牢牢掌握one，no one，nothing 的用法：（1）、none既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指概念，常用来回答how manymuch引导的疑问；no one只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用来回答who引导的疑问句；nothing“什么也没有”，否定一切，常用来回答what引导的疑问句。如： -How many people are there in the room now? -None -Who is in the room? -No oneNobody（2）、none后面可加of引导的介词短语，而something/anything/everything/nothing；someoneanyone/everyone/ no one却不能。11. (2003上海卷，27) Shanghai is really a fascinating city and weve decided to stay for _two weeks Aanother Bother Cthe other Dothers12. (1993全国卷，11) Tony is going camping with _ boys答案 A C知识点解析 做此类题要掌握more，another的用法：两个单词都可当“另外的”讲，用来修饰名词，但位置不同， more多用在名词之后或数词之后，another多用在数词之前。 13.（2005天津卷，15）I prefer a flat in Inverness to _ in Perth, because I want to live near my Moms.A. one B. that C. it D. this14. (2004广西卷，24) We needed a new cupboard for the kitchenSo Peter made_ from some wood we had Ait Bone Chimself Danother15. (2003全国卷，23) - Why dont we take a little break? - Didnt we just have_ ? Ait Bthat Cone Dthis16. (2002全国卷，35) Meeting my uncle after all these years was unforgettable moment，_ I will always treasure Athat Bone Cit Dwhat答案 A B C B知识点解析 做此类题要掌握one，ones，the one，the ones，that，those的指代区别： 关于代词one，the one，ones等试题首先要明白使用代词的目的之一就是要代替前面的名词，以避免重复。那么，做题时首先要弄清所用代词代替什么样的名词，如：可数还是不可数? 是泛指还是特指? 其中one用来替代前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于aan+ 单数名词；ones用来替代前面出现的复数名词，也是泛指概念；the one用来代替前面的特指的单数名词，有时可用that代替 (尤其在有后置定语的情况下)。The ones用来代替前面的特指的复数名词，有时可用those代替(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)。that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于the+单数可数/不可数名词。如： Mr. Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one that I have never seen(one= a present) Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ones that I have never seen(ones = many presents) The book on the desk is better than thatthe one under the desk The books on the desk are better than thosethe ones under the desk 17. (2004全国卷，27) I like_ in autumn when the weather is clear and bright Athis Bthat Cit Done18. (1998全国卷，8) I hate_ when people talk with their mouths full Ait Bthat Cthese Dthem答案 C A知识点解析 表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后面跟上it，然后再跟从句，其从句作it的同位语。又如：I hate it when people ask me for money我不喜欢别人向我要钱。-朗文当代高级英语辞典19. (2004吉林卷，32) -Do you like _ here? -Oh，yesThe air，the weather，the way of lifeEverything is so nice A. this Bthese Cthat Dit20. (2001全国卷，25) The Parkers bought a new house but_ will need a 1ot of work before they can move in Athey Bit Cone Dwhich答案 D B知识点解析 it-that thing or situation not mentioned but understood by the speaker and the hearer (未指明但谈话双方心里都明白的)那件事、那种情况。如：I cant stand it (=this situation) any longer我再也不能容忍这种情况了。How is it (=your life，work) going? 近况如何?The worst of it is that well have to get the repair done again -朗文当代高级英语辞典 21. (2004北京卷，24) The Foreign Minister said，“_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace. AThis is B. There is CThat is DIt is答案 D知识点解析 it用作形式主语、形式宾语以代替主语从句、宾语从句。22. (2004湖北卷，20) It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go23. (2004福建卷，23) It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. A. because B. which C. since D. that24. (2004上海卷，23) Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 25. (2005天津卷，9）It is what you do rather than what you say _ matters.A. that B. what C. which D. this答案 C D A A知识点解析 It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。强调句的连词只有两个，that和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用 who，其余用that。26. (2004重庆卷，25) I intended to compare notes with a friend，but unfortunately_ couldnt spare me even one minute Athey B. one Cwho Dit 答案 A 知识点解析 对于代词they的考查也趋向复杂化： You use they instead of “she or he” to refer to a person without saying whether that person is a man or a womanSome people think this use is incorrect-Collins Cobuild English Dictionary 如：The teacher is not responsible for the students success or failureThey are only there to help the students learn（三）代词易混实练：1、用it, one, that, this, there 填空(1）He used a dried leaf as a bookmark and put _ between.(2). _ is only when you nearly lose someone _ you become fully conscious of how much you value him.(3). The reason for birth control is_：our country has a Large population.(4). His car broke down on the way. _ made him late for the train.(5)._ cant be too careful in matters like this.(6). He has a car and she wants to buy _ for ￥10,000, but he says no.(7). They are going to the dining hall as_ will soon be breakfast time.(8). Who is making so much noise in the garden ? _ is the children.(9). _is no wonder that _ is a great necessity of English grammar books.(10). Mr and Mrs Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to _ in so large a city as New York.answer 1. it 2. It, that 3. this 4. This/That 5. One 6. it 7. it 8. It 9. It, there 10. one 2. 用all, some, any, someone, anyone, everyone, something, anything, everything, none, no one, nobody 填空(1). -Are there any English storybooks for us students in the library? -There are only a few, if_.(2). You dont want _ more cakes, do you? I want to save for tomorrow.(3). _ of you cant do this exercise? Ill explain it once more.(4). Thats _. So much for todays programme. See you until next time.(5). It cost _ like twenty dollars.(6). Dont you want your son to become a _ in the factory and live a dull life ?(7). I have_ of the knowledge he has so I have to go to him for advice.(8). A piece of cake. _ can answer such a question.(9). I arrived only to find an empty room, - _ was waiting for me.(10). -Shall he make you _ to eat? -Yes, please. Ive had hardly _ for a day. answer l. any 2. any, some 3. Some 4. all 5. something 6. nobody 7. none 8. Everyone 9. no one 10. something, anything分析总结解题技巧：1、明确指代。在解答代词题目时，我们应首先分析前后文，明确代词所指代对象，从而避免误判。具体说来应从以下几方面考虑：(1)代词指代的是人还是物；(2)代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词；(3)代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念；(4)代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上；(5)代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。 2、理清逻辑。需要通过分析上下文所蕴涵的逻辑关系才能做出正确判断。具体说来应从以下方面去考虑：(1)代词所表示的范围；(2)代词表示的是全部否定还是部分否定。高考模拟实练：1（重庆诊断，30）_ cant help but be attracted by the science stories AEverybody BAny body CSomebody DNobody 2(杭州一模，28) _ happened to be out that day，so you didnt find me Ait BThis CYou DI 3（全国领航，28）-I saw no more than one motor-car in that shopWill yon go and buy _? -No，Id rather find _ in other shops Aone；one Bit；it Cone；it Dit；one 4. (智达调研，25) He was a man of strong feelings，_ normally lay hidden deep inside him Ait Bthat Cthose Dwhich 5.（智达调研，35) The book is hard to understand._ can be enjoyed from it until you have read it several times ANothing BFew CSomething DMuch 6. (北京西城，21) You can hold the pot in one hand and take off the lid with _ . Aanother Bthe other Cother one Dthe others 7. (开封一模，29) - Can the teacher give us some examples to show how useful the computer is ? - Of course._ people get _ information from it every day A. A good many；a great deal of B. All kinds of；a lotC. Many a； plenty of D. A great many；a large number of 8. (启动二模，21) -Could you please spare me some time ? Ive something to talk with you -Not now. _ time，please AAny BSome CSome other DOther 9. (启动二模，31) John is one of those people who I always believe do _ best even in the most difficult situations Ahis Byour Ctheir Dones 10.(太原测评，23) - Do you think they have as many books as theyve described ?- Well, in my opinion, they have few books, if _.Asome Bany Cnone Dmany 11. (师大二模，32) Teenagers are warned to be careful when making friends online，because when you cant see a person，they could be _ .Aeverybody Bsomebody Canybody Dnobody 12. (昆明一模，29) No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to _ .Athe other Banother Cany other Dother 13. (洛阳二模，25) Clothing made of man-made fibers has certain advantages over _ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool or silkAthe ones Bone Cthat Dwhat 14. (杭州一模，25) All his life _ had been his fate to be busy with things without any hobbies to kill timeAit Bhe Cthat Dwhich 15. (长沙一模，28) If I were you，I would take it easy；_ is no need to be nervousAit Bthis Cthere Dwhich 16. (长沙一模，33)The thought flashed across my mind: “By some means or _ she has some information about my engagementBut how?”Aothers Bother Cthe others Danother 17. (江苏联考，31) What sense do you think _ will _ to argue about it ? Ayou；do Bthat；make Cit；make Dthis；make18.（名校联考二）The book is _ boring; it is，in fact，rather exciting and fascinating Aanything but Bnothing but Cno more Dall but19.（名校联考五）Professor Zhang gave all the textbooks to all the pupils，except_ who had already taken them Athese Bones Cthe ones Dthe others20.（名校联考六）Will you see to_ that the 1uggage brought back? Ame B. yourself Cit Dthem答案及解析1D 没有人不被这些科普故事吸引的。nobody.but.为关键结构。cant/couldnt help but do sth. means it is impossible for sb. not to do it。又如：I couldnt help but notice the bruise she had under her eye我不可能不注意到她眼睛下面的伤痕。 2D I happened to be