GRE词汇网络课程笔记(俞仲秋).doc

/ 由myishh搜集整理01单词初记的方法：助记法：1） 构词法：Centrifugaladj.离心的构词记忆法：centr中心fuge逃逸、逃亡Refugee：难民fugitive：逃亡者。Pnuemono-oultra-microscopic-silico-vocano-caniosisn.肺火山超微硅粉沉着症肺 超的微的 硅 火山 沉着症2） 拆分法（非科学）例：sawdust锯屑（科学的）Saw 锯dust 灰尘Adamant坚定的、坚强的Adam 亚当ant蚂蚁3） 对比联想：Roe/rue（鱼卵/后悔）Hue/hew（色泽/砍伐）“w”象锯子Discreet/discrete（谨慎的/不连续的）Ingenuous/ingenious（诚实的、真诚的/天才的）4） 谐音：例：Slit撕裂Pest害虫（谐音：拍死它）Charlatan江湖庸医（谐音：杀了他）5） 联想记忆：例：strapn.绳子、带子（女士内衣的带子）v.捆起来、扎起来Strapless无带的strapless bra无带内衣Dadge躲闪、躲避Dadge bullets躲子弹黑客帝国Gluttony贪吃Lust淫欲Wrath愤怒Sloth懒惰Pride，greed，envy“七宗罪”（7Deadly Sins）Enigma谜Obsession入迷的、挥之不去的念头类比反义:Taunt:challenge:flout:disregardTaunt:辱骂,嘲弄to challenge in a mocking manner (M-W)Flout :to treat with contemptuous disregard 以鄙夷的方式不理睬背词的基本理论:A,见词知意:1,中文意思不懂:Noncommittal 态度暧昧的giving no clear indication of attitudes of feelingsBlasphemy亵渎to express irreverence for god or something sacred2,中文意义有歧义:Fallow土地休耕的,休闲的 left uncultivatedMorale 士气,生气Cramped 促狭的3,中文的注释过于艺术化:Takingsmile摄人魂魄的甜笑Taking 讨人喜欢的4,中文为追求简洁而失去部分意思Spern 抛弃,遗弃(to reject with disdain)spern:distain类比,例子非典:肺病_前者是后者的一种,种属关系藏獒:狗1. 本质河必然的关系,如cow-hoof(蹄子):fish-fin,bird-wing,cat-paw2. 二重对应3. 培养对关系的感觉1种属关系:音乐有关词汇:Prelude前奏曲,lullaby摇篮曲,sonata奏鸣曲,concerto协奏曲长篇攻击性演讲Tirade/jeremiad/harangue/screed前三个:长篇的具有攻击性的演讲,最后长篇但不一定具有攻击性Feline:cat 猫科动物:猫dog(犬科动物):fox屋顶:dome圆屋顶,穹窿roof屋顶spire尖屋顶教堂:信众席nave牧师讲经台pulpit/lectern引申为教师的讲台牧师:pastor/priest/clergyman/preacherBaptism洗礼baptize葬礼:funeral/obsequies(葬礼)安魂弥撒requiem massrequiem安魂曲哲学:metaphysics形而上学包含cosmology宇宙学/ontology本体论/epistemology认识论花:violet紫罗兰tulip郁金香carnation康乃馨chrysanthemum菊花宝石:ruby红宝石emerald祖母绿sapphire蓝宝石amethyst紫水晶2组成关系:Rebus画迷charad动作迷3程度关系(两个词必须指向统一事物,或是修饰同一事物的形容词)Iridescent彩色的Perceptible可感觉到的tangible可触摸到的Troubled:distraught不安的:极度不安的Covetous:rapacious贪婪的:极度贪婪的表示宁静:tranquil=placid平静的,宁静的sereneserenityhalcyonFire:Inferno地狱当中的熊熊烈火Hell地狱paradise天堂炼狱pergatory 洗涤,荡涤purge泻药pergativeDelirium(极度的困惑心神狂乱):confusionPeccadillo小的罪恶:sin大的罪恶Admonishment告诫:castigation严厉斥责 to reprove severelyHemorrhage大出血:bleeding小出血vertigo严重晕血:dizziness晕血Hemo血hemophilia血友病一些病的词:asthma哮喘obesity肥胖症anemia贫血amnesia健忘症insomnia失眠Rabies狂犬病leprosy麻风病pneumonia肺炎diabetes糖尿病Embarrass:mortify使极度尴尬indulge溺爱:mollycoddle溺爱: mollycoddle, indulge,dote4大小关系(程度关系的一种):Deluge大洪水 大暴雨:dropletlandslide泥石流:pebble小石子blizzard暴风雪:icicle小冰柱(错,将icicle改成snowflake)noahs ark诺亚方舟covenant立约新约new testament旧约old testamentrainbow立约的记号 彩虹Colossus大雕像:figurine小雕像boulder巨石:peddle小石头5因果关系(造诊断句)Torque扭力:rotationcolander滤勺:drain滤干液体(错)tension拉力:elongation延长Redoubtable 令人敬畏的:Awe敬畏Despicable令人鄙视的:contempt鄙视owl猫头鹰awl尖钻droll好笑的 令人发笑的:laugh(题干主体不一致)grisly令人毛骨悚然的:flinch恐怖 因恐惧而退缩说话结巴:stammer/stutter先天导致的口吃falter因紧张而导致的口吃原则:主体是否一致Bland食物清淡的.令人乏味的insipid/vapid食物(因淡而无味)不好吃与动作有关的关系:动作及其结果:Evaporate:vaporpetrify石化:stoneincinerate烧成灰烬:ashThe GorgonsMedusa美杜沙Numb麻木的:insensible没有知觉的bernish抛光 打光:lustrous有光泽的Distill蒸馏:purity纯净(使更加纯净)leaven发酵:volume体积(使体积变大)动作及其表达:动宾关系6特征关系:对象及其反面特征:Maverick特立独行的人:conformity遵循传统apostate叛徒:loyaltyextrovert外向的:reserve保留对象及其正面特征:Proctor监考人:supervise监督prophet先知(augur,sibyl女先知):foretell/prognosticateprofiteer奸商:speculate投机profligate挥霍的人:squander浪费Witch:coven(13女巫组合,具有共同兴趣的人组成的小团体)retainer随从当中的一员:retinue随行人员snake:slither蛇蜿蜒爬行eagle老鹰:perch栖息duck:waddle鸭子摇摇摆摆地走skirmish小冲突 零星的小交火:insignificanceduel决斗:formality正规feud宿怨 誓愿bout回合rout大败(debacle-eclat(大胜)tout招徕顾客pout小姑娘撅嘴巴lout粗鄙的人表示粗俗的人Lout:brutish残暴的,awkward笨拙的粗人Churlill-bred缺乏教养的粗人boor insensitive不敏感的粗人yokel naive天真的,gullible容易上当受骗的粗人(naive用在成人身上是贬义词clever用在成年人身上是贬义词)crusade为神圣的目标发动圣战;十字军pundits权威,泰斗:authoritativeness权威性zealot狂热的支持者(partisan狂热的党派支持者):allegiance忠诚dedication奉献executor遗嘱执行人executioner刽子手literati知识分子忠诚的词:loyalty fealtyfidelityhifi高保真high fidelity回放精度非常高Zealot:fever spendthrift:improvidence不顾将来的,浪费的复合构词:Wanderlust旅游癖Spendthrift挥霍浪费的对象及其反面特征:Ascetic禁欲的(人):indulge沉溺Libertine放荡的人:restrain克制Benefactor捐赠人(法律用词):stint吝惜 吝啬 (错)7形容词修饰名词:Redolent芳香的:smell气味Piquant辛辣的,开胃的:taste注释:气味对味道Laconic简洁的:speechaustere朴素的:design设计Laconia拉克尼亚Sparta斯巴达,Spartan刚毅的8动宾关系:Varnish(在木头上)涂上清漆:woodburnish打磨使光亮:goldwax:linoleum油毡Varnish:glossy有光泽的sand:smoothListen:recording一段录音前者作用于后者,不对后者做任何改变,并没有任何主观意图Nurture:childPrune梅干:plum梅子:raisin葡萄干:grape葡萄Subpoena传唤:wintness证人conscript(强制)征兵 enlist(主动报名)入伍9动作及其表达:Countenance:tolerationdemur反对:objectionCountenance:to extend approval or toleration to支持,纵容 v.Castigation谴责:disapproval不同意谴责不表达愤怒Blasphemy亵渎:irreverence不尊重Discomfited窘迫的:blush脸红sneer:contemptuousto smile or laugh with facial contortions that express scorn or contempt表达窘迫的词:disconcertdiscomposeddecombobulateDecomposed使分解,腐烂10X和正常(X和一般)Mansion大厦:residence住所limousine豪华轿车:automobile豪华和一般Chandelier豪华大吊灯:lighting灯具yacht豪华游艇tuxedo无尾礼服(西装)wardrobe衣橱,衣服的总称The dream in the red mansion红楼梦Lope马的乱跑:rundrawl拉长调的,慢吞吞的说:speak诊断句:慢和正常Gallop马的狂奔Babble不清楚的说:talkscribble胡涂乱写(scrawl):draw Simper傻笑:smilebabble:talkbabble:talk foolishlyLeer 男的不怀好意地看女人peek偷窥ogle抛媚眼Doggerel歪诗,打油诗:verse诗讽刺:讽刺地话cartoon caricature讽刺地文章lampoon讽刺戏剧burlesquebrusque鲁莽grotesque怪诞地,古怪的Divert使转向:shunt使火车转向交通工具和一般Retard使迟滞:brake刹车Dadgets小工具:toolstrinkets小珠宝:jewelry指小词缀:dillow citle let linLeaflets 指传单 小的叶子Ringlets 卷发 小的环Oath:promisecontract:agreement正式和一般Lurk在隐蔽的地方等待:waitshadow像影子一样(跟着):followeavesdrop窃听:listenAbscond潜逃 偷偷地离开:departPirate盗版:takeforge伪造:copy11.褒贬程度关系:Complain:carp吹毛求疵(贬义)其中一个词是中性词或者一个褒义词,而另一方一定是个贬义词Drink:Guzzle暴饮关于暴饮暴吃的词:glutton ,guzzle暴饮gorge峡谷,大口地吃gobble大口地吃 gormandizegormant贪得无厌地大口吃的人gourment美食家attentive:officious过度关心的refined文雅的或受过教育的,提炼:snobbish势利眼的snobbish:one who has an offensive air of superiority in matters of knowledge or taste在知识或者品味上有一种自以为是的态度patriotic爱国的:chauvinistic沙文主义的receptive善于接受的:gullible轻信的entangle:innolvegrill拷问:questionentangle:to involve in a perplexing or troublesome situationfrugal节俭的:penurious极度贫穷的 吝啬的褒贬程度compliant:obsequious奴颜卑膝的12.消除关系Assuage抚慰:sorrow痛苦dampen使人沮丧:ardor热情Muffle闷住:soundassuage:grief伤害:maul撕裂的伤害 lacerate割裂伤害 (macerate浸软) mutilate切断伤害 maim使残疾(结果)mayhem严重伤害(罪):fenoly种属关系Mitigate减轻:severe严重的qualify使有资格:general一般Qualify:to reduce from a general to a particular or restricted form : MODIFY消除的对象可以是名词或者形容词Rescind废除法律:lawretire:position题干的消除关系中前者可以作用于后者,即可以形成动宾关系Withdraw:candidateWithdraw :to remove from consideration or set outside a group13,目的关系比较松散的关系,用诊断句Study:learnsearch:find前者是为了后者Mercenary唯利是图的,雇佣军:moneyVindictive报仇心切的:revengeVindictive:disposed to seek revengeThirsty:water 错 生理状态注释:心理对心理 生理对生理Fertilize:grow前者是为了更好地后者(争议大)Immunize:resistAIDS:acquired immune deficiency syndromediplomatic immunity外交豁免权Heat:burnprune修剪:dwarf不是目的关系主体一致14,事物及其功能Die磨具 骰子:shapingdrill钻:boring打洞(bore 打洞)Strut水平方向受力的枝干,飞机机翼的枝干:wing飞机机翼Buttress扶墙:wallPanegyric颂歌ode颂歌If winter comes can spring be far behind.Lampoon讽刺文章Blandishment花言巧语:coax利用花言巧语进行诱骗关于诱骗的词:Wheedle cajole用花言巧语进行诱骗Entrap ensnare decoy设法骗入Allure entice诱骗,怂恿Seduce用色相进行诱骗Hoax骗局:deceiveDelay:Filibuster通过拖延来阻碍议案的通过Scandal: libel诬蔑Ballast压舱物:instabilitypurchase支点(阻止物体下滑):slippageBone:bodygirder大梁:skyscraper药剂:Astringent收缩剂:pucker起皱,收缩spark火花塞:ignition点燃 coagulant凝结剂(curdle clot)detergent洗涤剂(clean) stimulant兴奋剂(stimulate animate excite galvanize)preservative防腐剂analgesic镇痛剂(deaden)anaesthetic麻醉剂(numb)lubricant润滑剂catalyst催化剂desiccant干燥剂(dehydrate)placebo安慰剂15,缺乏关系:Ruthless残忍的:mercyinsipid无味的:flaverInterregnum无王时期,无政府时期:governmenthibernation冬眠:activityFlag(精力)衰退:vigorInsipid:invention创意prosaic缺乏想象力的:imagineInsipid缺乏情趣:lacking in qualities that interest, stimulate, or challenge : DULLFoppish 好打扮的,花花公子 fop公子16,对立关系反义词,词性不同的反义词Exorbitant不节制的:moderation节制,适度题干两个词用带否定词的诊断句连接Fawn阿谀奉承:imperiousness骄傲(骄傲的人就不会阿谀奉承)equivocate模棱两可地说:directnessPerfunctorily马虎地,敷衍地:inspiration灵感(如果像前者那样就不会有后者)Perfunctorily:characterized by routine or superficiality : MECHANICAL例行公事的Phlegmatically冷淡地(phlegm):composure镇定Insolently无礼的:veneration无礼:impertinent impudent brazenInvincible不可战胜的:subdued被战胜的 前者难以被后者Impervious牢不可破的:damagedPluck勇气:qu