牛津英语初中中考句型转换.doc

中小学1对1课外辅导专家精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义教学目标：掌握中考句型转换教学内容 同义句转换题是近几年中考英语的一个常考题型，其出题形式通常是同时给出两个句子，第一句完整，第二句中设有几处空格，要求考生填入适当的词或词组，使第二句的意思与第一句意思相同。它综合考查考生的语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识，要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子，使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析，我们发现中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面： 一、运用同义词（组）进行转换 用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换，注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如： 1. That day we could see flowers here and there. That day we could see flowers _. 2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school. The teacher always_ _the children well in the school. 二、运用反义词（组）的否定式进行转换 即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词（词组）的积累和换位思维的能力。如： 1. Its clear that this visit is different from last time. Its clear that this visit is not the_ _last time. 2. I think wealth is less important than health. I _ think wealth is _ important than health. 另外，有的反义词即使不与否定词连用，而只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。如： He lent some money to his friend. His friend _ some money _ him. 三、运用不同语态进行转换 即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词，但此时要特别注意时态、动词一致性。如： 1. Everyone should give back his library books on time. Library books should_ _ _ on time. 2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today. Computers _ widely _ in the world today. 四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换 即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换，此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如： 1. The manager left two hours ago. The manager _ _ _ for two hours. 2. The film began five minutes ago. The film has been _ _ five minutes. 3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago. Mr Li _ _ _ the Party for twenty years. 五、运用不同引语进行转换 即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如： 1. “Ive found my wallet,” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ his wallet. 2. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _ _ I had seen her the week _. 六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换 即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如： 1. We didnt go out for a walk because it was raining. We didnt go out for a walk _ _ the rain. 2. He was so excited that he couldnt go to sleep. He was _ _ _ go to sleep. 3. Now I will show you how to do the work. Now I will show you _ _ _ do the work. 4. You should put them back after you use them. You should put them back _ _ them. 七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换 即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如： 1. Come on, or well miss the early bus. _ we _ hurry, well miss the early bus. 2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week. The man _ gave us a talk last week _ _ us another talk this week. 八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子 即运用关联连词bothand，neithernor，eitheror，not onlybut also等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是，bothand连接两个主语时，谓语总是用复数，而neithernor，eitheror，not onlybut also连接两个主语时，谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如： 1. Tom cant speak Japanese well and Jim cant, either. _ Tom _ Jim can speak Japanese well. 2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too. _ Alice _ Peter have read the book. 3. This store sells mens shoes, and it also sells mens clothes. This store sells _ _ mens shoes _ _ mens clothes. 九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换 这类典型结构如sothat，tooto，enough to，notuntil，so do I等。如： 1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too. Jim wants to go boating, and _ _ his parents. 2. John went to bed after he finished his homework. John _ go to bed _ he finished his homework. 练习：1. I always get up at the usual time-6.00. (划线提问) _ _ _ you always _ _? 2. I worked on the computer for two hours. (划线提问) _ _ _ you _ on the computer? 3. Tom reached Shanghai at 8 last night. (同义句转换) Tom _ _ Shanghai at eight last night. 4. It was January 6th. (划线提问) _ was _ _? 5. He works in a factory. (划线提问) _ _ he _? 6. It was rainy. (划线提问) _ _ the weather _? 7. Sally often walks to school. (同义句转换) Sally often _ to school _ _. 8. It was Saturday. (划线提问) _ _ was it? 9. My grandfather walked to Guangzhou at the age of 20. (同义句转换) My grandfather _ to school _ _ when he was twenty. 10. He was a teacher ten years ago. (划线提问) _ _ he ten years ago? 11. The girl on the bike is one of my friends. (划线提问) _ _ is one of your friends? 12. We say nothing at the zoo.（同义句转换） We _ _ _ at the zoo. 13. Tom went to school on a bus. （同义句转换） Tom went to school _ _. 14. Jack is 1.70 metres tall. Janet is 1.70 metres tall, too. Janet is _ _ _ Jack. （同义句转换） 15. Do you want to have a cup of coffee? （同义句转换） , _ you _ a cup of coffee? 16. Jiaming didnt come to school this morning because he was ill at home.（划线提问） _ _ _ come to school this morning? 17. He cant write as beautifully as me.（同义句转换） I can write _ _ _ he. 18. I finished my homework last night. （改为一般疑问句） _ _ _ your homework last night? 19. Tom worked on the computer for two hours. （划线提问） _ _ _ Tom _ on the computer? 20. He said nothing in class. （同义句转换） He _ _ _in class. 21. Whats the weather like? （同义句转换） _ the weather? 一、改为一般疑问句1. I can skate well. _ _skate well? 2. Kate does morning exercises every day._ Kate_ morning exercises every day? 3. The exam begins at nine._ the exam_ at nine? 4. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday._ Ann_ the book to the library yesterday? 5. Theres something to eat in the cupboard._ there_ to eat in the cupboard? 6. Mary likes scuba diving very much._ Mary_ scuba diving very much? 二、改为反意疑问句7. There was no time for the twins to go shopping,_ _ ? 8. She had nothing for breakfast,_ _ ? 9. You will meet your friends at the railway station, _ _ ? 10. She has hardly had anything this morning, _ _ ? 11. There is something important about to happen, _ _ ? 三、改为选择疑问句12. John is an American. (用a Canadian改为选择疑问句)_ John an American_ a Canadian? 四、改为否定句13. She does the housework every day.She _ _ the housework every day. 14. Uncle Wang likes making things.Uncle Wang_ _ making things. 15. He returned the book to the library this morning.He_ _ the book to the library this morning. 16. The students of No.2 Middle School have gone for a picnic already.The students of No.2 Middle School_ gone for a picnic_ . 五、对划线部分提问17. Jim will return in two weeks._ _ will Jim return? 18. Mrs. Read didnt sleep well last night because the wind made too much noise._ _ Mrs. Read_ well last night? 19. He was playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon._ _ he_ at four yesterday afternoon? 20. He has worked in this school for five years._ _ has he worked in this school? 21. John went to see his grandmother once a week._ _ _ John go to see his grandmother? 22. I was born in 1980._ _ you born? 23. I have two books in my bag._ _ you have in your bag? 24. The car near the river is mine._ _ is yours? 25. Allan will go back to England by plane next month._ _ Allan go back to England next month? 26. Urumqi is 3790 kilometres from Wuhan._ _ is Urumqi from Wuhan? 27. Those flowers are red._ _ are those flowers?六、主动语态与被动语态28. Did she take the pictures near the Daming Lake when the guide showed her around the Spring City?_ the pictures_ near the Daming Lake when_ _ _ around the Spring City? (山东济南)29. We planted lots of trees in our school yard.Lots of trees _ _ in our schoolyard. 30. The policeman made the young woman move her car.The young woman_ _ _ _ her car by the policeman. 31. A birthday party will be held tomorrow.We_ _ a birthday party tomorrow. 32. People grow cotton in North China.Cotton_ _ in North China. 33. We clean our classroom twice a day.Our classroom_ _ twice a day. 七、其它34. I dont want to go to the concert. She doesnt want to go, either. (合并为一个简单句) _ 35. Im not going to Beijing. He isnt going to Beijing, either. (合并为一句)_ he_ I_ going to Beijing. 36. Has he handed in his homework? Do you know? (改为复合句)Do you know_ he_ handed in his homework? 37. Mr. Wang asked Lin Tao, Do you live in Guiyang? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Mr. Wang asked Lin Tao_ he_ in Guiyang. 38. David was so careless that he didnt find the mistakes in his test paper. (改为简单句)David was_careless_find the mistakes in his test paper. 39. Did you do your homework last night? (作否定回答)_ , I_ .(山东)40. Will they have a sports meeting? Do you know? (合并为一句)Do you know_ they_ have a sports meeting? 41. Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. (合并为一个含有定语从句的复合句)_ 巩固练习（疑问句；否定句；感叹句；祈使句）： A）将下列句子变为否定句。 1He has three different coloured pencil-boxes He _ _ three different coloured pencil-boxes 2Sue did her homework last night Sue _ _ her homework last night 3They were all late for the meeting _ _ _ _ late for the meeting 4Itll be foggy later on It _ _ foggy later on 5Weve been there before，too We _ _ there before，_ 6Take the computer upstairs _ _ the computer upstairs 7Both of us are interested in the Internet _ _ _ _ interested in the Internet B）将下列句子变成一般疑问句。 1She usually does some housework on Sundays _ she usually _ _ housework on Sundays？ 2We can finish the work today _ _ _ the work today？ 3Therere some new machines in the house _ _ _ new machines in the house？ 4We were busy watching the football match at that time _ you _ _ the football match at that time？ 5I must finish drawing the picture before ten oclock _ you _ drawing the picture before ten oclock？ 6He put the license on the desk and went away _ he _ the license on the desk and _ _ ？ 7Theyve already made enough dumplings _ they _ enough dumplings _ ？ C）对划线部分提问。（7分） 1Theres only one child in the classroom _ _ _ _ there in the classroom？ 2The jacket on the right is Monicas _ _ is Monicas？ 3Emmas coat is expensive _ coat is expensive？ 4Jim is in Row Five _ _ is Jim in？ 5My father is sixty _ _ _ your father？ 6Sam went there by train _ _ Sam go there？ 7The old man waters the flowers twice a day _ _ _ the old man water the flowers？ D）将下列句子改为感叹句。 1The fried fish tastes very delicious _ _ the fried fish tastes！ 2New York is very beautiful _ _ New York is！ 3The book is very useful _ _ _ book it is！ 4Thats an interesting film _ _ interesting film that is！ 5The babies are playing happily _ _ the babies are playing！ 6The information is very important _ important information！ E）阅读短文，从下面方框中找出恰当的疑问句、否定句、感叹句和祈使句填在空白处。 Fred found himself in Norway with only enough money to buy the ticket for his journey back home“ 1 ”he thought“Then I can easily spend time without food”So he bought a ticket and got on the ship Fred pretended（假装）not to hear the sound of the lunch bell 2 saying that he was not feeling well The next morning，Fred still didnt have breakfastAnd at lunchtime he again stayed in his room 3 At dinner time Fred couldnt bear itHe went to the dining room and ate everything the waiter put in front of himHe got ready for the quarrel “ 4 ”Fred said to the waiter “ 5 ”said the waiter in surprise “There isnt any bill，sirOn our ship meals are included（包括）in the money for the ticket” A What shall I do？ BWhat bill？ CHe didnt go to the dining room DIs there anything I can do for you？ EHow hungry he was！ FBring me the bill GHe didnt feel like eating anythingHIt takes only two days to get home IWhat a delicious meal！F完形填空。根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能正确填入相应空格内的最佳答案。 Several days ago, some students from the US visited our school. When we talked, I discovered _42_ differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class _43_ fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _44_ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class. Another difference is that they have less break time between _45_. Besides, although most schools in both countries finish their _46_ classes at 12 oclock, the students in the US only have an hour-long break, so they _47_ eat lunch quickly. Their afternoon classes begin at 1:00 pm and school is over _48_ 3:00 pm. Then they take part in club activities or play sports. Many Chinese students dont work during their high school years, while the US students like to find a part-time job in _49_ free time. They dont have a dream job in mind. They think _50_ is no difference between jobs. Working is a useful experience for them and they make money at the same time. Some of them even take one-year full-time jobs _51_ they leave high school and then go to college.42. A. no B. few C. little D. some43. A. lasts B. finishes C. starts D. stays44. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later45. A. schools B. classes C. meals D. students46. A. day B. night C. morning D. afternoon47. A. cant B. mustnt C. need to D. are able to48. A. in B. for C. during D. around49. A. my B. his C. their D. your50. A. it B. there C. that D. this51. A. after B. with C. while D. during1分析：答案为everywhere。everywhere与here and there都表示“到处”。2分析：答案为looks after。take good care of与look afterwell都表示“好好照顾”3分析：答案为same as。be different from意为“与不同”；the same as意为“与相同”，其否定式与be different from同义。4分析：答案为dont，more。less important的意思是“没有（不及）重要”；more important的意思是“（比）更重要”，该结构与not连用，则表示“不比更重要”。5分析：答案为borrowed，from。borrowfrom意为“向借”；lendto意为“把借给”。两个结构意思相反，但若变换“借出者”与“借入者”的位置，则可转换为同义句。6分析：答案为be given back。被动句中含有情态动词should，因此助动词用be。7分析：答案为are，used。computers是复数名词，助动词用are。8分析：答案为has been away。leave为非延续性动词，不能与for two hours这样的一段时间连用，而改成be away这样的延续性动词后，则可连用一段时间。9分析：答案为on for。has been提示时态是现在完成时态，“for+时间段”表示“持续（一段时间）”，常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。10答案：has been in。短暂动词join，意为“参加、加入（组织，政党）”，不能与延续时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将join改成be in或be a member in。11分析：答案为told，had found。此题是将直接引语转换成间接引语。12分析：答案为asked if/ whether, before。此题是将疑问句的直接引语转换成间接引语。13分析：答案为because of。将原因状语从句because it was raining改为表示原因的介词短语because of the rain。14分析：答案为too excited to。将sothat换成tooto结构，原句的that从句为结果状语从句，改写句中的不定式仍表结果。15分析：答案为how you can。即将原句中的“疑问词+不定式”结构转换成宾语从句。16分析：答案为after using。即将after引导的状语从句改写为after引导的介词短语。17分析：答案为If，dont。if引导条件状语从句。18分析：答案为who/ that，will give。who/ that gave us a talk last week为定语从句，修饰先行词the man。19分析：答案填Neither，nor。neithernor表示“和（两者）都不”，刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。20分析：答案为Both，and。bothand的意思是“和（两者）都”。21分析：答案为not only，but also。表示“不仅而且”之意。22分析：答案为so do。句意为“他的父母也一样（一样想去）”。分析：答案为didnt，until。notuntil意为“直到才”。2. 答案：1. I always get up at the usual time-6.00. (划线提问) What time do you always get up? 2. I worked on the computer for two hours. (划线提问) How long did you work on the computer? 3. Tom reached Shanghai at 8 last night. (同义句转换) Tom got to Shanghai at eight last night. 4. It was January 6th. (划线提问) What was the date? 5. He works in a factory. (划线提问) What does he do? 6. It was rainy. (划线提问) What was the weather like? 7. Sally often walks to school. (同义句转换) Sally often goes to school on foot. 8. It was Saturday. (划线提问) What day was it? 9. My grandfather walked to Guangzhou at the age of 20. (同义句转换) My grandfather went to school on foot when he was twenty. 10. He was a teacher ten years ago. (划线提问) What was he ten years ago? 11. The girl on the bike is one of my friends. (划线提问) Which girl is one of your friends? 12. We say nothing at the zoo.（同义句转换） We dont say anything at the zoo. 13. Tom went to scho