铁路部分专业词.doc

elevated railway, overhead railway, aerial railway 高架铁路 mine railway 矿区铁路 funicular (railway) 缆索铁路，登山铁路 light railway line 轻便铁道 urban railway 市区铁路 railway network 铁路网 railway transport 铁路运输 trial run 试车 open to traffic 通车 porter 搬运工人 ticket inspector 查票员 ticket 车票 single ticket, oneway ticket 单程票 return ticket, roundtrip ticket 来回票 platform ticket 站台票 railway station 车站 station hall 车站大厅 information desk 服务台 waiting room 候车室 passenger station 客车站 time-table 时刻表 arrival time-table 到站时刻表 departure time-table 发车时刻表 ticket-collector, gateman 收票员 ticket office, booking office 售票处 junction 枢纽站 rail and water terminal 水陆联运站 platform bridge 天桥 luggage barrow 推行李车 enquiry office, information desk 问讯处 way station 小站 label 行李标签 luggage office 行李房 left-luggage office 行李暂存处 platform-ticket 验票口 barrier 栅栏门 platform 站台 (electric) platform truck 站台车 platform tunnel 站台地道 platform roofing 站台顶棚 station-master 站长 terminal; terminus 终点站 escalator 自动扶梯 The train leaves the station at., The train is due out at. 火车在（某时）离站 to have ones ticket punched （给检票员）检票 10 minutes behind schedule 晚点十分钟 to change trains at. 在（某地）换车 The train is due at. 在（某时）到达 to break the journey 中途下车 dining car, restaurant car, diner 餐车 pantry 餐车食品室 open wagon, (railway) wagon, (railway) truck 敞车 carriage, coach, car 车厢 roof 车顶 concertina walls （车厢通道两侧的）伸缩篷 step; foot board （车厢门口的）踏板 gangway （车厢的）通道 lidded ashtray 带盖烟灰盒 tank wagon 罐车 mixed train 混合列车 freight train, goods train 货物列车 engine, locomotive 机车 window seat 靠窗座位 coach, passenger train 客车 express train, express 快车 refrigerator wagon 冷藏车 car attendant; train attendant 列车员 guard, conductor 列车长 slow train, way train 慢车 covered wagon van, box car 棚车 ordinary train 普通列车 sleeping carriage with cushioned berths 软卧客车 up train 上行车 livestock wagon 牲畜车 sleeping car, sleeper 卧车 down train 下行车 luggage van, baggage car 行李车 rack, baggage rack 行李架 sleeping carriage with semicushioned berths 硬卧客车 ordinary seat 硬席 carriage with semicushioned seats 硬座车 mail car 邮政车 mail and luggage van 邮政行李车 through train 直达车 special train 专车 pointsman, switchman 道岔工人 signal for blocking the track, block signal 闭塞信号 semaphore signal, home signal 臂板信号 warehouse 仓库 siding, sidetrack 侧线，旁轨 turnout 岔道 weighing machine 秤重机 derailing （火车）出轨 single line (track) rail 单线 points, switches 道岔 switch lock, point lock 道岔锁 wait sign, wait signal 等候标志（信号） marshalling yard, shunting yard 调车场 dispatching 调度 dispatcher 调度员 crossover 渡线，转线轨道 rail 钢轨 track 轨道 sleeper, railroad tie 轨枕 rail chair 轨座 buffer stop, bumping post 缓冲桩 goods shed, freight depot 货棚 goods station 货运站，货站 container 集装箱 locomotive (engine) shed 机车库 station warning sign 进站预告标 clearance 净空 (signal) gantry （铁路上支持信号装置的）跨线桥 barrier （道口）拦路木 section 路段 reduce speed sign(al) 慢行标志（信号） bell and whistle sign, whistle sign 鸣笛预告标 platform car, flat car 平车 grade crossing, level crossing （道路与铁路的）平面交叉 track-laying machine, tracklayer 铺轨机 double line (track) rail 双线 volume of railway freight 铁路货运量 railway connections 铁路交叉点，铁路联络线 railway warning sign 铁路警告标志 railway clearance 铁路净空 railroad bed 铁路路基 railway curve 铁路曲线（弯道） railway tunnel 铁路隧道 railway line, railroad line 铁路线 stop sign(al) 停车标志（信号） danger sign(al) 危险标志（信号） unprotected crossing 无防护设备的道口 signal light (lamp) 信号灯 signal box, signalmans cabin 信号房 signalman 信号员 wing rail (of frog) 翼轨 distant signal, disk signal, target 圆盘信号机 back-turning section 折返段 frog 辙叉，岔心 turn-table 车台，旋车盘 point (box), switch (box) 转辙器 switch signal, point indicator 转辙信号D&B 钻炸法（Drill and Blow）TBM 全断面隧道钻掘机（Tunnel Bore Machine） T.H. 上半断面（Top Height）B 台阶（Bench）I 仰拱（Invert）NATM 新奥工法（New Austrian Tunnel Method）RMR 岩体评分（Rock Mental Ratio）RQD 岩石品质指标（Rock Quality Directive）T.I. 临时仰拱（Temporary Invert）CCM 明挖覆盖工法（Cut and Cover Method）多点同步顶推 incremental launching construction by multipoint jacking节段预制拼装法 segmental precast erection method纵向拖拉法 erection by longitudinal pulling method转体架桥法 bridge erection by swinging method浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating method桥涵顶入法 jacking-in method of culvert or subsurface bridge连续砌拱 laying arch continuously分段砌拱 laying arch by sections分环砌拱 laying arch by rings分段分环结合砌拱 laying arch by sections and rings横向悬砌拱法 laying arch by transverse overhanging method拱圈应力调整 arch ring stress adjustment拱圈施工缝 construction joint for arch ring拱圈封顶 closure of arch ring尖拱法封顶 closure by wedging-in crown又称“刹尖”。千斤顶法封顶 closure by jacking and sealing-off crown拱架 arch centering arch center梁式钢拱架 steel beam centering拱式钢拱架 steel arch centering排架式满布木拱架 full span wooden bent centering斜撑式满布木拱架 full span wooden inclined strut centering桁式木拱架 wood-truss centering叠桁式拱架 double-layer-truss centering夹板拱架 centering by clamped planks in arch shape土牛拱架 earthen centering拱架卸落 centering unloading裸拱卸架 unloading bare rib unloading bare ring拱架预压 preloading centering支拱板条 lagging卸架木楔 wood wedge for centering unloading卸架砂筒 sand cylinder for centering unloading拱砌块 voussoir拱顶石 arch crown block拱脚斜块 arch skew block脚手架 scaffold falsework又称“膺架”、“工作架”。施工步道 catwalk俗称“猫道”。风缆 wind-cable导梁 launching nose挂篮 cradle预制场 fabrication yard casting yard混凝土浇筑 concreting混凝土泵送法 concreting by pumping混凝土养生 concrete curing混凝土蒸汽养生 steam curing of concrete混凝土电热养生 electric curing of concrete镶合浇筑 match casting模板 formwork自升式模板 self-climbing formwork滑模浇筑混凝土 slip-form concreting预拱度 camber电热法张拉 electric-heat prestressing油压千斤顶张拉 hydraulic jack prestressing先张法 pretensioning method后张法 post-tensioning method钢丝束制作 wire grouping张拉程序 stressing sequencetensioning procedure应力控制张拉 prestressing under stress control冷拉率控制张拉 prestressing by cold-drawn rate时效处理 time effect treatment张拉控制应力 control stress for prestressing预应力台座 prestressing bed双作用千斤顶 double acting jack三作用千斤顶 triple acting jack管道灌浆 duct grouting封锚 sealing-off and covering anchorage铆接 riveting栓接 bolting钢梁结构试装配 trial steel work fixing钢桥拼装 assembling of steel bridge钢桥就位 seating steel bridge on supports螺栓扭矩终拧法 bolt final twisting by torque method螺栓扭角终拧法 bolt final twisting by twist angle method浮运沉井 floating caisson筑岛沉井 sinking open caisson on built island不排水下沉沉井 sinking open caisson by undrained dredging泥浆套法下沉沉井 sinking open caisson by slurry coating空气幕法下沉沉井 sinking open caisson by injected air curtain套管护壁钻孔法 casing hole-boring method泥浆护壁钻孔法 slurry hole-boring method静水护壁钻孔法 static water head hole-boring method预钻插桩法 socketing pile in prebored hole先钻后扩法 reaming-after-boring method钻孔扩端法 boring-and-underreaming method挖孔灌桩法 installing pile shaft by excavation冲孔成桩法 pile by percussion drill method冲抓法 percussion and grabbing method正循环钻孔法 circulation boring method反循环钻孔法 reverse circulation boring method静压沉桩法 pile jacking-in method打桩 pile driving锤击沉桩法 pile driving method by hammer震动沉桩法 pile vibrosinking method射水沉桩法 pile jetting method拨桩 pile extracting围堰 cofferdam板桩围堰 sheet pile cofferdam土围堰 earth cofferdam套箱围堰 precast-boxed cofferdam钢围囹 steel waling双层钢围囹 double-walled steel waling水下浇筑混凝土法 under water concreting直升导管浇筑混凝土法 tremie concreting混凝土封底 bottom sealing by concreting基坑井点排水法 foundation pit well point drainage method桥梁合拢 closure of bridge structure桥梁安装监测 bridge erection monitoring桥梁结构安装控制 bridge structure erection control索力控制 cable force control顺序拼装分析 progressive analysis for bridge erection又称“正向分析”。逆向拆除分析 retrogressive analysis for bridge erection又称“反向分析”。桥梁安装容许误差 bridge erection tolerance桥梁养护 bridge maintenance桥梁数据库 bridge data bank桥梁管理系统 bridge management system桥梁评价系统 bridge evaluation system桥粱监测系统 bridge monitoring system桥梁技术档案 bridge technical file桥梁检查 bridge inspection桥梁检查规则 bridge inspection regulation桥梁检查类别 bridge inspection category桥梁检查周期 bridge inspection cycle桥梁编号 bridge numbering桥梁病害整治 bridge fault repairing桥梁浅基防护 bridge shallow foundation protection桥梁墩台防撞 collision prevention of pier and abutment桥梁水毁 bridge disaster by flood预防性修理 preventive repair桥梁加固 bridge strengthening桥梁抗震加固 bridge aseismatic strengthening桥梁翻新 bridge retrofitting构件更换 component replacement涵洞 culvert明涵 open culvert暗涵 buried culvert箱涵 box culvert管涵 pipe culvert拱涵 arch culvert盖板涵 slab culvert压力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert pressure culvert半压力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert partial pressure culvert无压力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert non-pressure culvert波纹管涵 corrugated-metal pipe culvert四铰管涵 quadri-hinge-pipe culvert倒虹吸涵 inverted siphon culvert陡坡涵洞 culvert on steep grade斜交涵洞 skew culvert阶梯式涵洞 stepped culvert涵洞一字墙 culvert straight end wall涵洞八字墙 culvert wing wall涵洞进水口 culvert inlet涵洞出水口 culvert outlet涵洞跌水 culvert water drop涵洞沟床 gully bed neighboring to culvert涵洞口铺砌 culvert inlet/outlet apron渡槽 aqueduct涵口沉降缝 settlement joint in culvert涵洞口隆起 culvert end lift涵洞洞身长度 culvert barrel length涵洞孔径 culvert aperture隧道工程 tunneling隧道 tunnel隧道级别 tunnel class公路隧道 highway tunnel市区隧道 urban tunnel土质隧道 tunnel in earth岩石隧道 tunnel in rock水底隧道 subaqueous tunnel服务隧道 service tunnel acess adit又称“辅助隧道”。深埋隧道 deep-buried tunnel浅埋隧道 shallow-buried tunnel双孔隧道 twin tunnel横洞 transverse gallery错车洞 passing bay in tunnel坚井 shaft斜井 inclined shaft明洞 open cut tunnel导洞 heading pilot隧道洞门 tunnel portal又称“隧道口”。隧道洞身 tunnel trunk隧道埋深 buried depth of tunnel隧道长度 length of tunnel隧道净空 clearance of tunnel隧道口净空 portal clearance特长隧道 super long tunnel长隧道 long tunnel中长隧道 medium tunnel短隧道 short tunnel衬砌隧道 trimmed tunnel未衬砌隧道 rough tunnel围岩 surrounding rock围岩压力 surrounding rock pressure围岩稳定 stability of surrounding rock围岩自承能力 surrounding rock self-supporting capacity围岩分类 surrounding rock classification掘进方法 tunneling method明挖法 open cut method暗挖法 undermining method随挖随盖法 cut-and-cover method矿山法 mine tunneling method又称“钻爆法”。沉埋法 immersed tunneling method盾构法 shield method新奥法 New Austrian Tunneling Method NATM全断面开挖法 full-face tunneling method导洞法 pilot-tunneling method中央导洞法 central pilot tunneling method上下导洞法 top and bottom pilot tunneling method先墙后拱法 wall in advance of arched roof tunneling method先拱后墙法 arched roof in advance of wall tunneling method蘑菇形开挖法 mushroom-type tunneling method导洞与层阶法 heading and bench tunneling method侧壁导洞法 side heading method双侧壁导洞法 twin-side heading method出碴 tunnel muck hauling隧道测量 tunnel survey隧道激光导向 tunnel alignment by laser隧道衬砌 tunnel lining整体式衬砌 integral lining拼装式衬砌 precast lining组合衬砌 composite lining喷射混凝土衬砌 shotcrete lining隧道支撑 tunnel support构件支撑 member support喷锚支护 shotcrete and rock bolt support锚杆支护 anchor bolt support木支撑 timbering support钢拱支撑 steel-arched support隧道顶板 tunnel roof隧道底板 tunnel floor隧道边墙 tunnel side wall隧道坍顶 tunnel roof fall隧道贯通 tunnel through隧道贯通误差 tunnel through error隧道施工防尘 tunnel construction dust controlling隧道施工通风 tunnel construction ventilation隧道通风 tunnel ventilation通风方式 ventilation type通风设计 ventilation design自然通风 natural ventilation机械通风 mechanical ventilation纵向通风 longitudinal ventilation横向通风 transverse ventilation半横向通风 semi-transverse ventilation组合式纵向通风 composite longitudinal ventilation排风机通风 ventilation by exhaust fan射流纵向通风 ventilation by force draft轴流式通风 ventilation by axial flow fan送风坚井 blowing-in shaft排风坚井 blowing-out shaft通风塔 ventilation tower通风效率 ventilation efficiency通风量 ventilation volume通风监测 ventilation monitoring通风装置 ventilation installation车辆活塞作用 piston action of moving vehicles隧道消防系统 tunnel fire protection system隧道报警装置 tunnel warning installation隧道防灾设施 tunnel anti-disaster facilities隧道火灾监测 tunnel fire monitoring隧道火灾 tunnel fire hazard隧道瓦斯爆炸 gas explosion in tunnel隧道瓦斯泄出 gas emission in tunnel隧道注浆止水 tunnel water sealing by injection隧道防水 tunnel water proofing隧道信号 tunnel signal隧道监控中心 tunnel operation control center过隧经历时间 duration of tunnel passage隧道交通监测系统 tunnel traffic monitoring system隧道电话系统 tunnel telephone system隧道供电系统 tunnel power supply system隧道广播系统 tunnel broadcasting system盾构 tunnel shield全气压盾构 all-round