高考英语一轮复习 话题30 大自然的威力（Unit 5 The power of nature）新人教版选修6.doc

话题30 大自然的威力（unit 5 the power of nature）晨读背诵话题单词1. frightening fratnadj.引起恐惧的;惊恐的; 可怕的 2. hurricane hrkn n.飓风3. threat ret n.威胁;恐吓;构成威胁的人 (或事) 4. terrify terfa vt.使恐惧;使惊恐;恐吓5. erupt rpt vi.(火山、喷泉等)喷发 6. eruption rp()n n.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发; (疾病等)发作7. bury ber vt.埋葬;掩藏 8. ash n.灰;灰烬9. mud md n.泥;烂泥;泥浆 10. rise raz vi.(rose,risen)升起;上升;起床;上涨 11. spot spt n.少量;点;斑点;污渍vt.认出;发现 12. sight sat n. 情景;视觉;视野13. fleefli: vi.(fled,fled)逃走;逃避 14. urge :d vt.催促;力劝;强烈要求 n.迫切欲望;强烈要求15. daylight delat n. 日光;白昼;黎明 16. immediately midtl adv.立刻;马上;直接地17. fresh fre adj.新的;刚经历的;新鲜的 18. farewell fewel int.再会;再见;祝你好运; 一路平安19. unbelievable nblivb()l adj.不可相信的;难以置信的 20. crash kr n.破裂(声);崩溃话题短语1. on end 直立;竖着 2. draw ones attention 吸引某人的注意3. at hand 近在手边;在附近 4. calm down 镇静;平静;宁静5. on board 上船(或火车、 公共汽车、飞机等) 6. knock about接连打击; (浪等)冲击(船等);碰撞7. all of a sudden 突然地;冷不防;意外地 8. live through 度过;经受住9. as though/if 好像;仿佛 10. hold ones breath 屏住呼吸11. light up 照亮 12. call for 需要13. knock off 敲掉; 击倒 14. live through 活过15. upon arrival 一到达就 16. hold out 维持17. burn down 烧毁 18. give birth to 产生话题句子1. i saw the tops of trees moving in circles. 我看见树顶在旋转。2. how does nature form a danger to people in the world and how can science help reduce that threat? 大自然是怎样对全世界人民形成一种威胁的及科学能如何帮助减少这种威胁?3. some people got into a total panic, when the typhoon pulled the roofs off their houses and cars went up in the air. 当台风掀掉屋顶、汽车刮上天时，有些人惊慌起来。4. it makes my hair stand on end.这令我毛骨悚然。5. he hurried to a place from which others were fleeing, and held his course directly into danger. 他急忙赶到一个别人从此逃走的地方，直奔危险地带。6. ash and bits of rock that were burnt black were falling onto the ship now，darker and more, the closer they went. 灰烬和片片烧黑的岩石开始往船上掉落，他们走得越近，就越黑更多。7. he looked more asleep than dead. 他看上去与其说是死了，倒不如说是睡着了。8. theres some dirty weather knocking about. 要有恶劣天气肆虐了。篇章模板as we walked the clouds got nearer and nearer and the day grew darker. then all of a sudden it began to snow. it was soon snowing so hard we couldnt see very far in front of us. holding each others hands so we couldnt get separated, we continued down the mountain. but the snow got deeper and deeper. walking became harder and harder. we began to get very tired and very frightened.after a while the path became buried under the snow and we didnt know which way to go. we were completely lost. we found some shelter behind a big rock. hugging each other for warmth, we stayed like that until the storm was over. luckily it only lasted an hour or two. then the sun came out again and we could see our house in the distance. we were so relieved we both burst into tears.汉语大意：我们走的时候云越来越近了，天越来越暗。然后突然开始下雪了。不久雪下得很大，我们看不清楚面前远的东西。牵着对方的手，这样我们就不会走散，我们继续下山。但是雪越来越深。行走变得越来越难。我们开始觉得很累，很害怕。过了一段时间，道路被埋在雪里，我们不知道该走哪条路。我们完全迷路了。我们在一块大石头下躲了起来。互相拥抱取暖，直到暴风雨过去了。幸运的是，这只持续了一两个小时。然后太阳出来了，我们能看见远处我们的房子。我们很欣慰我们都泪流满面。基础知识自测一、单词拓展(a)根据音标及词义写出英文单词。1.volcano vlken n.火山2.erupt rpt vi.(指火山)爆发;突然发生eruption rp()n n.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发3.alongside lsad adv.在旁边;沿着边 prep.在旁边;沿着的边4.appoint pnt vt.任命;委派appointment pntmnt n.约定;任命5.evaluate vljet vt.评估;评价;估计evaluation vlje()n n.评估6.wave wev n.波浪;波涛 vi.波动;起伏;挥手7.absolute bslu:t adj.绝对的;完全的absolutely bslutl adv.绝对地8.suit sjut n.一套外衣;套装;vt.适合;使适宜suitable sju:tbl adj.合适的9.potential pten()l n.潜在性;可能性;潜能 adj.可能的;潜在的10.actual ktl adj.实在的;实际的actually ktul adv.实际地11.shoot u:t vt.射中;射伤shot t n.射击;枪炮声12.anxious ks adj.忧虑的;不安的anxiously sl adv.不安地anxiety zat n.担心;焦虑;渴望13.panic pnk vi. & vt.惊慌 n.惊慌;恐慌panicked pnkt (过去式/过去分词)14.diverse davs adj.多种多样的;不同的diversity davst n.多种多样;多样性15.appreciation prie()n n.欣赏;感激;感谢appreciate priet vt.欣赏;感激16.guarantee rnti vt.保证;担保(b)单词活用 用所给词的正确形式填空。1. the story exited (exite)the little boy very much.2. on hot days we often go bathing (bath) in the river.3. i cant evaluate (evaluatation) his ability without seeing his work.4. i got into a panic (panic) when i found the door was locked.5. the studied the german market to find the potential ( potential) there for investment.6. it was a cold, wet day and the children were bored (bore).7. its many years since mount vesuvius erupted (erupt).8. he drew fantastic (fantastic) animals with two heads and large wings.9. im anxious (anxiety) to get home to open my presents.10. they had to cancel (cancel) tomorrows football match because of the bad weather.二、短语互译及运用(a)短语互译1.be compared with. 与相比2.protect.from. 保护免受伤害3.be appointed as 被委派为4.burn to the ground 全部焚毁5.be about to do sth. 即将做某事;马上就要做某事6.make ones way 前往7.be anxious about 对忧虑/不安8.glance through 匆匆看一遍9.vary from.to. 由到不等10.give birth to 生产;产生(b)灵活运用 选择以上恰当的词组填空。1. office hours vary from company to company and country to country.2. social life in a village cannot be compared with that of a large city.3. luckily , she was appointed as the chief operating officer of the company.4. ill make my way home now after i finished all the work.5. i dont wonder you were anxious about their safety. 6. the union was formed to protect the rights and interests of miners from being hurt.三、课文语法填空my job is to travel to unusual places and meet interesting people from 1 the world. i use 2 (science) instruments in my work and meet with local people and tourists, and i am never 3 （ bore）. as a vocanolist, i collect information about mount kilauea. my job is 4 (occasion) dangerous; i dont mind 5 danger interests me and makes me feel alive. 6 is known, when lava from the volcano flows, many houses 7 covered with lava or be burnt to the ground. all the lava passing slowly down the mountain 8 (cause) more damage because it buries everything in its path 9 the molten rock. i once experienced an eruption. when it broke out, red lava was fountained hundreds of metres into the air, and it was an 10 (absolute) fantastic sight.【答案】1. all over 2.scientific 3.bored 4. occasionally 5. because 6. as 7. will be 8. causes 9. under 10. absolutely重点词汇精讲精练1. impress vt. 使某人留下影响，使某人了解的重要性；压上，印上背诵 i was very impressed by/with the efficiency of the staff. 全体职员的工作效率令我感动。搭配impressive 给人深刻印象的impressible易打动的，易受影响的，可印的impress sth on /upon sb=be impressed on/in 使某人铭记某事物，压印；印上impress sb with sth =be impressed with/by 以(给)给人以深刻印象运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)the speech by our headmaster is strongly impressed on my memory (深深地铭记在我的脑海中).(2) my father impressed me with the importance of hard work. (我父亲使我明白了努力工作的重要性。)2. appoint vt. 任命；委派背诵 the teacher appointed him (to be) monitor. 老师任命他为班长。搭配appoint sb.to a post 派某人担任某职appointment n. 约会；约定；委任make/have an appointment with sb. 与某人约会break ones appointment 违约；失约keep ones appointment 守约appointed adj. 约定的；设备好的运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)the president appointed (任命)a new director.(2)we appointed him (as/to be) (担任)chairman.(3)the teacher appointed me to call the roll. (老师指派我点名。)3. evaluate v. 评估；评价；估计背诵 we need to evaluate how well the method is working. 我们需要对这一方法产生的效果作出评价。搭配evaluation n. c u 评估，评价，评估报告evaluate ones ability 评估某人的能力；evaluate the value/quality of sth. 评估某物的价值/质量运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)its always difficult to evaluate (评估)the costs of a training programme.(2)the house has been valued (估价)at 200,000 yuan.4. vary vt. 改变, 变更, 使多样化vi. 变化, 不同, 违反背诵 the temperature varied throughout the day. 气温一整天都在变化着。搭配vary in/on 在方面不同vary fromto从到不等; 在到之间变动vary with/according to随变化而变化a variety of /varieties of = various 多种多样的运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)the weather varied from day to day (一天天变化).(2)prices vary with the seasons (随季节而变动).5. guarantee vt. 保证；担保 n. 保证, 保证书, 担保, 抵押品背诵 the rain guarantees a good crop this year. 这场雨保证了今年有好收成。搭配guarantee to do sth 保证干某事 guarantee that/sth 保证 guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某物 give sb a guarantee that向某人保证运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)we cant guarantee (保证) the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.(2)we guarantee to deliver that (保证送到)within a week.(3)wealth is no guarantee of (不是保证)happiness.6. account n. 报道；（书面或口头）报告；利益；账目vi., vt.认为背诵 the accounts show we have spent more than we received. 账目表明我们支出多于收入。搭配account for 导致；做出解释，提出理由on account of由于；因为take into account考虑；顾及运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)these accounts (报告)show no consistency. (2)he put his knowledge to good account (效益).(3)we must account for (做出交代) every penny we spend during a business trip.7. make ones way to前往背诵 dickens made his way to the woods. 迪肯斯朝树林走去。联想feel ones way 摸索着前行fight/push ones way 推挤着前行lose ones way 迷路force ones way out 挤出去；冲出去push ones way in 挤进去show sb. the way 为某人指路get in the way 妨碍wind ones way 蜿蜒前进运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)some thirty percent of the worlds exports of tea makes its way to (到了)london. (2)though it was raining hard, he made his way to (朝学校赶去)school. (3)without experience on it, we have to feel our way (摸索着前进). 8. burn to the ground 指楼房等被（全部）烧毁背诵 he has no place to live in because his house has been burnt to the ground. 他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧掉了。联想burn away 逐渐烧掉，消失burn down (建筑物）烧毁，火力减弱burn off 烧掉，蒸发burn up 烧毁、烧得更旺/亮，消耗burn out 烧坏，烧尽burn oneself out 筋疲力尽burn for 渴望burn in 给留下不可麽灭的印象运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)the house was burnt to the ground (被彻底焚毁).(2)this exercise helps you to burn off (消耗)fat and tone muscles. (3)half the candle had burnt away (烧掉).经典句型背诵仿写1. 名词+非谓语动词的独立主格结构背诵 the workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved. 由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。说明 独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。独立主格结构基本构成形式：名词(代词)+现在分词（过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语）运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。仿写 根据汉语意思完成句子。(1) 听说她在这场事故中受了伤，我内心充满了担忧。i heard that she got injured in the accident, my heart full of worry.(2) 雨停了，他出去散步。the rain having stopped, he went out for a walk.(3) 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。more time given, we should have done it much better.2. find oneself+其他背诵 when she came to herself, she found herself covered with a blanket. 当她苏醒过来的时候，她发现自己身上盖着毯子。说明 find oneself后跟doing、v-ed、形容词、介词短语、副词等，表达“在无意识中出现了某种情况。”仿写 根据汉语意思完成句子。(1) 当食物端上来的时候，我们突然觉得饿了。when food was served, we suddenly found ourselves very hungry. (2) 黄昏时候，我们走在乡间的路上。when dawn came, we found ourselves walking on a country road. (3) 突然间，我发现自己又犯了昨天的错误。 suddenly i found myself making the same mistake as i made yesterday. 3. it is said that背诵 it is said that he has gone abroad. 据说他出国了。说明 it是形式主语，它所代替的是后面的 that引导的主语从句。以上结构均可转化为“主语be过去分词不定式”结构，其中不定式根据需要有时态和语态的变化。仿写 根据汉语意思完成句子。众所周知，中国是一个历史悠久的国家。it is known to all that china is a country with a long history.as is known to all, china is a country with a long history.what is known to all is that china is a country with a long history. 语言知识巧用妙用翻译或完成下列句子，注意黑体部分要用到本单元的短语和句型，然后将其合并成一篇5句话左右的短文。1. 他们把厨房内的一切东西安排好，以确保不发生火灾。 they put everything in the kitchen in place to guarantee that fire will not break out. 2. 我们经常听说房子被彻底烧毁的事情。 we often hear that houses are burned to the ground. 3. 据说每年发生在厨房的火灾不计其数。 it is said that fires happening in the kitchenes are countless. 4. 他们经常提醒我们要注意用火安全。 they often remind us to be careful with fires. 5. 这些年他们救出了从儿童到老人大小不等的很多人。 these years they have saved many people who vary from children to old people. 合并it is said that fires happening in the kitchenes are countless and we often hear that houses are burned to the ground. in this case, several of my neighbours have done a very good job. they put everything in the kitchen in place to guarantee that fire will not break out. they often remind us to be careful with fires. they are skilled in putting out fire and these years they have saved many people who vary from children to old people.轻轻松松走进高考阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为110的相应位置上。 this june, many parts of britain experienced much more rain than they had ever seen before.torrential downpours (暴雨) created floods, which caused rivers burst their banks, roads 1 (close) and many people had to leave 2 homes. the worst hit area was the north of england. there were even 3 (die) as people got stuck in the rain or were washed away by the floodwaters. flood warnings had been given in many parts of the uk and 4 was said that there had been over a months rainfall in just the last couple of days.the rain 5 caused problems at some of britains famous june events 6 the glastonbury festival, 7 is a four-day-long outdoor music festival. while it is traditionally quite rainy and muddy there, this year was particularly bad. everyone was wearing high boots 8 there were many pictures of people 9 (cover) from head to toe in mud in the newspapers. it rained throughout the festival and with more than 170000 revelers(狂欢者) walking around and camping on the grounds, it didnt take long 10 the site to turn into a mud bath.【答案】1. were closed 2. their 3. deaths 4. it 5. also 6. like 7. which 8. and 9. covered 10. for二、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意然后从120各题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项。出处：2016年1月沈阳市教学质量检测新鲜度难度话题 面对逆境 努力拼搏关键词attitude体裁夹叙夹议短文词数 320建议时间 15分钟正确率 /20he lost his arms in an accident, where his father lost his life. because his father was the main 1 of support for the family, since then, he has had to totally 2 his brother. except for writing with his 3 , he himself could do nothing else.one late night at school, he got diarrhea(肠胃炎). his brother 4 him into the toilet and then went back to wait. but being so 5 , his brother fell asleep, leaving him there for two hours 6 the teacher on duty discovered him. later, they had problems and often 7 . then one day, his brother wanted to live his own life. so he was heart-broken and didnt know 8 to do.a 9 misfortune happened to a girl, too. one night her mother, who suffered from mental illness, 10 . so her father went out looking 11 her mother, leaving her alone at home. she tried to prepare meals, only to overturn the kerosene (煤油) light on the stove, 12 a fire which took her hands away.though her sister wanted to take care of her, she chose to be completely 13 . once she wrote:“i am lucky. though my wings are broken, my heart can 14 fly.”one day, the boy and the girl were invited to a television interview program. they were asked to write something with their toes. the boy wrote: my brothers arms are my arms, 15 the girl wrote: broken wings, flying heart.they had both experienced the same hardship, but their different attitudes determined the 16 of their life. life is 17 because disasters can strike at any time. how you handle misfortune is the true 18 of your character. if you choose only to complain and escape from the hardship, it will always 19 you everywhere. but if you decide to be strong, it will 20 out to be a fortune on which new hopes will appear.1. a. source b. resource c. origin d. profit2. a. insist onb. depend on c. take on d. carry on3. a. hands b. toes c. mouth d. arms 4. a. broughtb. forced c. accompanied d. threw5. a. long b. worried c. relaxed d. tired6. a. when b. after c. since d. until7. a. quarreledb. chatted c. discussed d. talked8. a. which b. where c. how d. what9. a. related b. familiar c. similar d. same10. a. stayed b. disappeared c. missed d. dismissed11. a. back b. into c. for d. at12. a. causingb. making c. catching d. leading13. a. confidentb. responsible c. reliable d. independent14. a. never b. still c. yet d. even15. a. as b. when c. while d. though16. a. nature b. suffering c. end d. background17. a. unpredictable b. unbelievable c. unbearable d. uncomfortable18. a. exam b. check c. test d. quiz19. a. change b. follow c. fail d. cheat20. a. go b. set c. find d. turn【读后反馈】. 靓词diarrhea n. 肠胃炎 kerosene n. 煤油. 难句1. but being so tired , his brother fell asleep, leaving him there for two hours until the teacher on duty discovered him.本句是复合句。being so tired为v-ing短语作原因状语；leaving为v-ing短语作结果状语；until引导时间状语从句。2. she tried to prepare meals, only to overturn the kerosene (煤油) light on the stove, cause a fire which took her hands away.本句是复合句。only to为不定式短语作结果状语，表达意料之外的结果；which引导定语从句，修饰fire。. 拓展练1.单句语法填空that night she caught a very bad cold, _ (suffer) from a very bad headache.2. 句式仿写（1）他们匆忙赶到教室，结果发现门是锁着的。(不定式作结果状语) _(2)令我们意外的是，实验结果失败了。(turn out)_【篇章图解】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了两个有着同样遭遇的年轻人在困难面前所采取的不同态度，从而启迪我们：抱怨和逃避是不能解决问题的，而积极面对，变得更加坚强，生活反而会更加多姿多彩。【答案解析】1. a上下文语境题。结合空前的the main和空后的of support for the family可知，父亲曾经是支撑家里的主要经济来源（source）。其他选项中，resource资源；origin起源；profit利润。2. b下文语境题。联系下文的my brothers arms are my arms可知，自从那时起，他不得不完全依赖(depend on)自己的兄弟。其他选项中，insist on坚持；take on展现；carry on执行，均不符合语境，故排除。3. b下文语境题。从下文的they were asked to write something with their toes.可知，除了用他的脚趾头(toe)写作之外，他什么也不能做。hands 手；mouth口；arms胳膊。4. c上文语境题。结合空前的his brother和空后的into the toilet and then went back to wait可知，他的兄弟陪着(accompany)他去上厕所，然后回来等他。其他选项中，bring带来；force强迫；throw扔，均不符合语境，故排除。5. d下文语境题。联系空后的his brother fell asleep可知，由于如此地劳累(tired)，他的兄弟睡着了，留他一个人在那里待了两个小时。long长的； worried担心的；relaxed放松的。6. d下文语境题。从the teacher on duty discovered him可知，他一直在那里，直到(until)值班老师发现了他。7. a下文语境题。结合下文later，they had problem可知，后来他们之间出现了问