雅思阅读中并列句的语法知识.docx

雅思阅读中并列句的语法知识雅思阅读中并列句的语法知识先给大家讲解了并列句的定义和分类，然后给大家分享了常见的语法知识点，并且用剑桥真题中的例子来讲解，希望大家可以快速掌握这些内容。一、并列句的定义和分类并列句是指由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上的简单句构成的复杂句子。一般结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。常见的并列句有五种：并列关系、转折关系、因果关系、选择关系和祈使句+and/or引导的并列句。雅思阅读中最常考的就是并列关系和转折关系，同学们可以重点关注一下。二、并列句的语法知识点并列句在分析的时候，首先是找到并列连词，然后再分别看连词前后的独立句子即可。具体的例子讲解如下：1. 并列关系：常见的并列连词有and、not onlybut also、neithernor、bothand.等。例: Foreign products, from meat to machinery, play a more important role in almost every economy in the world, and foreign markets now tempt businesses that never much worried about sales beyond their nations borders.(剑 6 Test 1 Passage 2)句子结构分析：这句话是由and连接的并列句，可以拆分为：a. Foreign products, from meat to machinery, play a more important role in almost every economy in the world.这句话主语是Foreign products，谓语是play，宾语是a role，第一个in引导的介词短语作状语，第二个in引导的介词短语作定语修饰economy，from meat to machinery是插入语。b. And foreign markets now tempt businesses that never much worried about sales beyond their nations borders.And并列连接词，主语是foreign markets，谓语是tempt，宾语是businesses，that引导的定语从句修饰businesses。2. 转折关系：常见的并列连词有but、yet、while、nevertheless等。例： Cheap labour may make Chinese clothing competitive in America, but if delays in shipment tie up working capital and cause winter coats to arrive in spring, trade may lose its advantages. (剑 6 Test 1 Passage 2)句子结构分析：这句话是由but连接的两个并列句，表转折关系，可以拆分为：a. Cheap labour may make Chinese clothing competitive in America.主语是Cheap labour，谓语是may make，宾语是Chinese clothing，宾补是competitive，状语是in America。b. But if delays in shipment tie up working capital and cause winter coats to arrive in spring, trade may lose its advantages.But并列连接词，表转折。这句话的主语trade，谓语是may lose，宾语是its advantages， if引导条件状语从句，从句主语是delays(in shipment)，谓语是由and连接的连个并列成分tie up and cause，宾语分别是working capital、winter coats。3. 因果关系：常见的并列连词有for、so、therefore、hence等。例： Computer software can be exported without ever loading it onto a ship, simply by transmitting it over telephone lines from one country to another, so freight rates and cargo-handling schedules become insignificant factors in deciding where to make the product. (剑 6 Test 1 Passage 2)句子结构分析： 这句话是由so连接的两个并列句，表因果关系，可以拆分为：a. Computer software can be exported without ever loading it onto a ship, simply by transmitting it over telephone lines from one country to another.这句话是被动语态，主语是Computer software，谓语是can be exported，without介词短语作状语， by短语表示传输方式。b. So freight rates and cargo-handling schedules become insignificant factors in deciding where to make the product.So并列连接词，表因果关系，这句话的并列主语是freight rates and cargo-handling schedules，系动词是become，表语是factors，in介词短语作定语修饰factors，where引导宾语从句。4. 选择关系：常见的并列连词有or、eitheror、notneither/nor(“也不”后面的句子要用倒装)等。例：They are working with the same group of 3,000 women, to try to find out whether reading mothers make better use of hospitals and clinics, opt for smaller families, exert more control at home, learn modern childcare techniques more quickly, or whether they merely have more respect for themselves and their children. (剑6 Test 4 Passage 2)句子结构分析： 这句话结构比较复杂，句子主语是They，谓语是are working，to try表目的，find out后面是or连接的两个whether并列从句做宾语。我们可以将这个宾语从句分为：a. whether reading mothers make better use of hospitals and clinics, opt for smaller families, exert more control at home, learn modern childcare techniques more quickly.这句话的主语是reading mothers，然后一连串的动词make、opt、exert、learn作并列谓语，表示这些母亲是否会在这几个方面表现的更好。b. or whether they merely have more respect for themselves and their children.Or是并列连词，这句话的主语是they，谓语是have，宾语是respect。5. 祈