非谓语动词大全.doc

一动词不定式(to do something.)的用法动词不定式可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。1.作主语。不定式作主语往往用形式主语it代替，作为句子真正主语的不定式则后置。常用句型：It is + 形容词+ (for/of) sombody. +to do something.。如： It is nice of you to take pictures for us. 你真好，给我们照相。2.作表语。常放于系动词be之后。如：To see is to believe. 眼见为实。(百闻不如一见。)3.作宾语。常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：would like/ want to do想要做 like to do喜欢做 agree to do同意做hope/wish to do希望做 decide to do决定做 begin/start to do开始做expect to do期望做 refuse to do拒绝做 afford to do有能力做learn to do学习做 plan to do计划做 prefer to do更喜欢做continue to do继续做 promise to do承诺做4.作宾语补足语。常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell somebody. to do 告诉某人做 ask somebody. to do要求某人做wish somebody. to do 希望某人做 invite somebody. to do 邀请某人做want somebody. to do 想要某人做 teach somebody. to do 教某人做allow somebody. to do 允许某人做 force somebody to do强迫某人做 expect somebody. to do 期望某人做 help somebody. to do 帮助某人做advise somebody. to do 建议某人做 persuade somebody. to do劝告某人做如： Tina told her sister to turn down the TV. 蒂娜让她姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。注意：在使役动词make, let, have和感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, feel等词后，要把不定式结构中的to省略。如：let, make, have sb do sth使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看feel/ hear, listen to/ let,make, have, / look at, see, watch, notice sb do sthhad better （not）do sth. 最好(不)做why not /why dont you do sth为什么不做? help sb.（to）do sth 帮助某人做某事 Would rather do sth 宁愿做 would you please do sth情态动词+do助动词+do 省略to的情况:命题点1“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法动词不定式与疑问词连用可用作主语或宾语。如：When to go to Beijing hasn?t been decided yet. 什么时候去北京还没定下来。(作主语)I have not decided when to leave. 我还没决定什么时候离开。(作decide的宾语)注意：“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。如：Can you tell me where to get the scarf?等于Can you tell me where I can get the scarf?你能告诉我哪里能买到这条围巾吗?二动名词(v+ing)的用法动名词相当于名词，可作主语、表语、定语和宾语。1.作主语。动名词(短语)作主语可以转换为句型：It is加形容词.加to do加something.。 Eating too much junk food is bad for your health.=It is bad for your health to eat too much junk food. 吃太多的垃圾食品对身体健康有害。2.作表语。动名词(短语)作表语可以转化为动名词(短语)作主语。如：His favorite sport is playing ping?.= Playing pong is his favorite sport. 他最喜欢的运动是打乒乓球。3.作定语。动名词(短语)作定语表示用途。如：There are many singing birds。4.作宾语。常接动名词作宾语的动词有：喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 spend.doing sth. 花费做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做 imagine sb. doing sth. 想象做某事cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事miss doing sth. 错过做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 keep (on) doing sth. 保持（继续）做某事 mind doing sth 介意做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事consider doing sth. 考虑做某事命题点2介词+doing 常考介词: at, in, on, of, off, for, from, up, about, without 等等be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣 insist on doing坚持做某事 be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做某事 be tired of doing sth. 厌烦做某事be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事 put off doing 推迟做某事stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事without doing sth.没有做某事 think about doing sth.考虑做某事What How about doing 做某事怎么样?此to 非彼tolook forward to doing sth.（盼望）pay attention to doing sth注意） be used to doing sth. （习惯于） prefer doing sth to doing sth.（更喜欢） devote to doing sth（致力于）make a contribution to doing （做贡献三动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别1.有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。举例如下：stop doing something. 停止做某事 stop to do something. 停下来去做(别的)事try doing something. 尝试做某事 try to do something. 尽力去做某事forget doing something. 忘了做过某事 forget to do something. 忘了去做某事(未做)remember doing something. 记得做过某事remember to do something. 记得去做某事(未need doing something. 需要做某事(被动含义) need to do something. 需要去做某事(主动go on doing 继续同一件事情 go on to do sth 继续另一件事情 2. 感官动词感官动词（see, hear, watch, notice, feel）后接不定式或动名词感官动词后既可接不带to的不定式，也可接动名词;接不带to的不定式时指“(看到、听到、见到)全过程”，接动名词时指“瞬间动作”。如：I heard the girl singing in the next room