支撑板冷冲压工艺及级进模设计开题报告

欢迎下载本文档参考使用，如果有疑问或者需要CAD图纸的请联系q1484406321编号无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）相关资料题目： 支撑板冷冲压工艺及级进模设计 信机 系 机械工程及自动化专业学 号： 0923255学生姓名： 花喜 指导教师： 钟建刚 （职称：副教授 ） （职称： ）2013年5月25日目 录一、毕业设计（论文）开题报告二、毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译及原文三、学生“毕业论文（论文）计划、进度、检查及落实表”四、实习鉴定表无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目： 支撑板冷冲压工艺及级进模设计 信机 系 机械工程及自动化 专业学 号： 0923255 学生姓名： 花喜 指导教师： 钟建刚 （职称：副教授 ） （职称： ）2012年11月20日 课题来源来源于无锡惠龙有限公司，是电器产品上的一个零件。机械工程及其自动化专业的方向之一是模具，因此选择模具设计作为毕业设计题目是完全符合本专业的要求，模具生产效率高，同时能有效保证产品一致性和可换性，具有很好的发展前途和应用价值。连续模在模具中技术含量高，制造、装配难度大，因此本课题研究连续模的冲压工艺、模具结构，并进行模具设计有着重要的意义。科学依据（包括课题的科学意义；国内外研究概况、水平和发展趋势；应用前景等）（1）课题科学意义冷冲压生产靠压力机和模具完成加工过程，与其他加工方法相比，在技术与经济方面具有下列特点： 1）冷冲压是少、无切屑加工方法之一，所获得的冲压件一般无需再加工。 2）普通压力机每分钟可生产几十件，高速压力机每分钟可生产千件以上，是一种高效率的加工方法。 3）冲压件的尺寸精度由模具保证，所以质量稳定，互换性好。 4）冷冲压可以加工壁薄、重量轻、刚性好、形状复杂的零件，为其他加工方法所不能替代。 另外，冷冲压加工不需加热、无氧化皮，表面质量好，操作方便，费用较低。由于具有上述突出特点，冷冲压在生产中得到了广泛的应用。全世界的钢材中，有6070是板材，其中大部分是经过冲压制成。汽车的车身、底盘、油箱、散热器片，锅炉的汽包、容器的壳体，电机、电器的铁芯硅钢片等都是冲压加工的。仪器仪表、家用电器、自行车、办公器械、生活器皿等产品中，也有大量冲压件。冷冲压可加工各种类型的产品，尺寸从小到钟表的秒针，大到汽车的纵梁、覆盖件；冲切厚度已达20 mm以上，加工尺寸幅度大，适应性强。级进模（也叫连续模，据说连续模在标准术语已经取消）由多个工位组成，各工位按顺序关联完成不同的加工，在冲床的一次行程中完成一系列的不同的冲压加工。一次行程完成以后，由冲床送料机按照一个固定的步距将材料向前移动，这样在一副模具上就可以完成多个工序，一般有冲孔，落料，折弯，切边，拉伸等等 。中国模具工业发展十分迅速。目前，国内已能生产精度达2微米的精密多工位级进模，工位数最多已达160个，寿命达到1 2亿次。但许多方面与工业发达国家相比仍有较大差距。例如，精密加工设备在模具加工设备中的比重还比较低，CADCAE/CAM技术的普及率不高 ，许多先进的模具技术应用还不够广泛等等。特别在大型、精密、复杂和长寿命模具技术上存在明显差距，这些类型模具的生产能力也不能满足国内需求，因而需要大量从国外进口。许多模具企业十分重视技术进步，加大了用于技术进步的投资力度，将技术进步视为企业发展的重要动力。此外，许多研究机构和大专院校都开展模具技术的研究和开发。经过多年的努力，在模具CADCAECAM技术、模具的电加工和数控加工技术、快速成形与快速制模技术、新型模具材料等方面取得了显著进步。虽然我国的模具工业和技术在过去的十多年得到了快速发展，但与国外工业发达国家相比仍存在较大差距，尚不能完全满足国民经济高速发展的需求因而需要大量从国外进口。许多模具企业十分重视技术进步，加大了用于技术进步的投资力度，将技术进步视为企业发展的重要动力。此外，许多研究机构和大专院校都开展模具技术的研究和开发。经过多年的努力，在模具CADCAECAM技术、模具的电加工和数控加工技术、快速成形与快速制模技术、新型模具材料等方面取得了显著进步。虽然我国的模具工业和技术在过去的十多年得到了快速发展，但与国外工业发达国家相比仍存在较大差距，尚不能完全满足国民经济高速发展的需求。（2）研究状况及其发展前景随着国民经济的高速发展、冲压技术的发展和新型模具材料的不断研究开发，市场对模具的需求量不断增长，模具的结构也发生了一定的变化，对模具的制造，装配等都有了很大的影响。近年来，模具工业一直以15%左右的增长速度快速发展。模具是机械制造业中技术先进、影响深远的重要工艺装备,具有生产效率高、材料利用率高、制件质量优良、工艺适应性好等特点,被广泛应用于汽车、机械、航天、航空、轻工、电子、电器、仪表等行业。中国模具的“珠江三角洲、长江三角洲和以成都/重庆为代表的西部模具”三足鼎立局面已经基本形成，然而与国际先进水平相比,中国的模具行业的差距不仅表现在精度差距大、交货周期长等方面,模具寿命也只有国际先进水平的50%左右,大型、精密、技术含量高的轿车覆盖件冲压模具和精密冲裁模具,每年都需要花费大量资金进口。但我们相信，中国不会因此而停顿，中国模具的发展，不仅仅是要量上考虑，更应该要从质上考虑，中国模具行业大有发展的空间。研究内容冷冲压加工。是在常温下，利用冲压设备和冲模，使各种不同规格的板料或配料在压力的作用下发生永久变形或分离，制成所需要各种形状零件的一种加工方法。级进模又称连续模，它将落料、弯曲、拉深、冲孔和切边等多工序安排在一个模具的不同工位上，在冲压过程中坯料依次通过多工位被连续冲压成形，至最后工位成为制件。综合应用各种所学的专业知识，在规定的时间内对产品进行冷冲压工艺分析，制订完整的冲压工艺方案，并完成其中的模具设计、数据计算和图纸。拟采取的研究方法、技术路线、实验方案及可行性分析我们可采用调查法，观察法，实验法，文献研究法，经验总结法，思维方法，系统科学法来研究接触片连续模。方案设计：在工艺分析的基础上，综合考虑产品的产量和精度要求。所用材料的性能，工厂的技术力量，设备情况及模具制造情况，确定该工件的工艺规程和每道工序的冲模结构形式。结构设计：在方案设计的基础上，进一步设计模具各部分零件的具体结构尺寸。1冲裁的工艺分析：分析冲裁件的结构形状，尺寸精度，材料是否符合，冲压力工艺要求，从而确定冲裁的可能性。2确定冲裁工艺方案及模具结构形式：工序数目，工序性质，工序顺序，工序组合及模具结构形式。3冲压模具的设计计算。排样，冲压力，压力中心，模具刃口尺寸计算，确定各主要零件的外形尺寸，计算模具的闭合高度，确定所用冲床。4 绘制冲模总装图5绘制非标准零件图研究计划及预期成果研究计划：2012年11月12日-2011年12月2日：按照任务书要求查阅论文相关参考资料，填写毕业设计开题报告书。2012年12月3日-2013年1月20日：机械制造综合实训，机械零件加工方法和加工工艺的编制。2013年1月21日-2013年3月1日：到企业进行岗位实习，了解本专业的实践知识，掌握基本的设计生产模式。2013年3月4日-2013年3月8日：查阅与设计有关的参考资料不少于10篇，其中外文不少于5篇。2013年3月11日-2013年3月15日：翻译外文资料（8000-10000字符）。2013年3月18日-2013年3月22日：分析产品图、分析冲压工序、排样方案，优选确定模具冲压工艺方案。2013年3月25日-3月29日：确定模具结构。2013年4月1日-4月5日：计算模具刃口所需的尺寸。2013年4月8日-4月12日：主要零件结构设计和尺寸计算。2013年4月15日-4月19日：初步绘制模具装配图。2013年4月22日-4月26日：修改模具装配图。2013年4月29日-5月3日：绘制模具主要零件的零件图，不少于5个。2013年5月6日-5月10日：填写冲压工艺卡片等。2013年5月13日-5月17日：完成设计说明书（论文）、摘要和小结。2013年5月20日-5月25日：整理所有资料，打印后上交指导教师，准备答辩。1完成模具装配图：2张（A0或A1）；2零件图：主要非标准件零件图（不少于5张）；3冷冲压工艺卡片：1张；4设计说明书：1份；5翻译8000以上外文印刷字符或译出约5000左右汉字的有关技术资料或专业文献，内容要尽量结合课题。特色或创新之处一副级进模上可对形状十分复杂的冲压件进行冲裁、弯曲、拉深成型等工序，故生产率高，便于实现机械化和自动化，适于大批量生产。由于采用带料进行连续冲压，所以操作方便安全。在本设计课题中，主要是解决冲半圆孔和关键部分尺寸精度，比如说支撑板的半圆孔的大小只有r1.5mm，厚度也只有1.6mm，还有该模具有两个90度的弯角。但可以通过提高模具结构精度，改进模具零件结构来解决关键部分和孔等一系列尺寸精度问题。已具备的条件和尚需解决的问题已具备的条件：我们已经知道此次设计的模是连续模，支撑板的尺寸也已经告诉我们，现在所需要的是计算出模具的尺寸，选择材料等。尚需解决的问题：如何提高模具结构精度。（如导柱的设计，定位销的设计）在大批量生产过程中如何保证零件不发生塑性变形。指导教师意见 指导教师签名：年 月 日教研室（学科组、研究所）意见 教研室主任签名： 年 月 日系意见 主管领导签名： 年 月 日英文原文Die Life of cold stamping die and influence Die with the life of the workpiece by punching out the number of terms. Many factors affect the life Die. There are die structure design, manufacture molds used in the punch and die materials, die quality and surface hardening heat treatment, precision die manufacturing parts and cold stamping materials selection. In addition, there are die installation, adjustment, use and maintenance. 1. Die Design on Life (1) Layout design of layout methods and take the boundary value a great impact on the die life, too small to take the boundary value, often causing rapid wear and convex mold, die bite wounds on the. Starting from material savings, take the boundary value smaller the better, but take the edge is less than some value, the cut surface of the mold and the quality of life adversely. There will be left behind in the blanking die Q-gap were to produce spare parts glitch, or even damage the die edge, reduce die life. Therefore, consider increasing the material utilization of the same time, parts must yield, quality and life expectancy to determine the layout methods and take the boundary. (2) die structure prone to stress concentration on the cracking of the die structure, composite structure can be used or mosaic structure, and prestressed structure to enhance the mold life. (3) the impact of clearance when the gap is too small, compressed extrusion of interest, increased friction, increased wear, the wear side of aggravated discharge and push pieces after blanking time, materials and convex, the friction between die will cause wear and tear than the end edge on the side of the grinding much, but also easily lead to convex, concave mold temperature is high, the adsorption of metal debris in the side edge to form a metal tumor, so that male and female die chipping or expansion occurs crack phenomenon. Therefore, the gap is too small to Die Life very bad. Gap is too large will increase the punch and the die face the edge of the concentration of stress, resulting in a sharp increase in stress, so blade edge quickly lose angular yield deformation. Therefore, addition of blanking force, thereby enabling faster edge edge wear, reduce die life. But in order to reduce the male and female die wear, extending mold life, while ensuring quality of stamping pieces under the premise that larger space designed properly it is necessary. (4) Die-oriented structure of the life of a reliable guide for the working parts reduce wear, prevent male and female die bite wound is very effective. In particular, non-small-Q gap Q gap or Die, compound die and multi-position progressive die even more important. To improve the die life, must be based on processes and the demand of precision, the correct choice-oriented form and orientation accuracy, the choice should be higher than the accuracy-oriented convex, concave mold with precision. (5) the impact of cold stamping materials, cold stamping materials selected should meet the design requirements of workpieces and stamping process requirements, or easy to mold damage and reduce mold life. Poor surface quality of cold stamping, punching, cracking when the workpiece is also easy to scratch mold. Bad cold stamping plastic materials, deformation is small, easy to press when the workpiece rupture, but also easy to scratch mold. In addition, the material thickness tolerances shall comply with national standards. Die because of a certain thickness of material suitable for forming, bending, flanging, drawing die of the male and female die structure gap is directly determined by the thickness of the material. Therefore, uneven thickness, will result in waste generation and mold damage. 2. Die Die Life of Die Die Life of a mold material properties, chemical composition, structure, hardness and comprehensive reflection of metallurgical quality. Among them, the material properties and heat treatment affect the quality of the most obvious. Mold material properties on the impact of die life is great. If the same workpiece, using a different mold material of the bending test, the test results: The 9Mn2V material, the life of 5 million; with Crl2MoV nitriding, the life of up to 40 million. Therefore, the choice of materials, the batch size should be based on workpiece, rational use of mold materials. The hardness of the die parts to Die Life a great impact. But not the higher hardness, longer die life. This is because the hardness and strength, toughness and abrasion resistance are closely related. Some die demands of high hardness, long life. Such as the use of T10 steel dies, hardness 54 58HRC, only washed thousands of times a burr on the workpiece great. If the hardness to 60 64HRC, the grinding life of up to 2 to 3 million. However, if continue to improve hardness, fracture occurs earlier. Some die hardness should not be too high, as the die manufacturing using Crl2MoV 58 62HRC hardness, the general life of 2-3 million, invalid form of chipping and cracking, and if the hardness down to 54 58HRC, life expectancy increased to 5 60 000, but decreased to 50 53HRC hardness appears easy to blunt the die edge phenomenon. Thus, mold hardness must be based on material properties and failure modes may be. Should enable the hardness, strength, toughness and wear resistance, resistance to fatigue strength needed to achieve a particular stamping process the best match. 3. The surface of the mold heat treatment to strengthen the quality and impact on life Mold heat treatment the nature and quality of life of the mold a great impact. Practice shows that the die parts of the quenching distortion and cracking, early fracture during use, while the metallurgical and materials quality, forging quality, mold structure and process related, but related more to die of heat treatment. According to statistical analysis of failure causes of mold, heat treatment failure due to improper accounting for more than 50%. Practice shows that the mold material must be accompanied by high heat treatment process properly, can really play a materials potential. Parts surface hardening mold work purpose is to obtain the effect of external hard tough inside, so be hardness, wear resistance, toughness, good resistance to fatigue with. Many ways to die surface hardening, surface treatment technology of new technologies developed rapidly. In addition to Nitrocarburizing and ion nitride, boride, seepage niobium, vanadium permeability, hard chrome plated and spark strengthening, the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) has been gradually adopted. By CVD and PVD treatment, the mold surface covered with super-hard material, such as TiC, TiN, etc. High hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, adhesion is very good, can improve the die life several times to several times. 4. Manufacturing precision of the die parts of die life Precision die manufacturing and life in it in particular, mold surface roughness on the mold a great impact. If using Crl2MoV steel blanking die, if the surface roughness value R = 1.6 m, its life span is about 30,000. Such as polished by the precision, surface roughness value R = 0.4 m, life can be increased to 4-5 million. Therefore, the working parts of the mold surface, the general must go through grinding, grinding, polishing and other finishing and fine processing. 5. Other aspects of the impact of die life (1) Press the accuracy is not high, but also easy to make die damage. (2) die in the press or not installed properly and the operators technical level, on the tool life is also greatly affected. (3) dies in the custody and maintenance of good and bad, and the use of lubricant condition also affects mold life.Cold stamping mould convex, concave die size and distribution of the clearance degree directly affect the quality of the blanking pieces and the length of the service life of the die. In guarantee blanking pieces space is mould manufacturing assembly very important link, and assembly quality will directly influence the convex, concave die if the clearance between the uniform. Such as the process of convex, concave die size precision although already meet the requirements, but in assembling if adjustment is bad, can cause clearance does not even, rushed out of the spare parts of the raw edges. Even rushed out of unqualified parts. The mold assembly is key to control convex, concave die of relative positions, in order to ensure that the convex, concave die, uniform and the clearance between the right to rush out of qualified parts. 1. Die before assembly the problems that should be paid attention2 Convex, concave die and mould parts itself is clearance of the precision, and the assembly of the assembly process is reasonable. In order to ensure that the position of the convex, concave die correctly and gaps even, mould design, processing to assembly from the whole link should pay attention to the following questions： （1）Convex, concave die design and manufacture of the right Design should be based on the above all when die cutting the section of a quality, service life of die factors such as the reasonable selection of convex, concave die clearance. And to consider the mould in the process of using that gap wear increases, general in the design the least reasonable clearance when mould. And in the manufacturing process can ensure the parts processing precision and quality, in the assembly process ensure convex, concave die gap even, this for processing complex shape is very key parts. （2）Assembly method the choice should be reasonable Die assembly method include roughly assembly method and direct with assembly method. Before the assembly must be carefully study mold assembly drawing, full consideration and analysis of the structure characteristics of punching die, die parts processing technology and processing accuracy etc, in order to choose convenient, accurate and reliable assembly method to ensure the quality of blanking pieces. 2. Convex, concave die gap between the control and adjustment of the method3 Convex, concave die clearance control, should according to die structure, clearance size, blanking pieces of quality and practical assembly condition to selected. Convex, concave die gap between the control and adjustment method have the following kinds. （1）Pervious to light method Will convex, concave die after molmerged, shone a light on the underside, observe the convex, concave die around through light and distribution to judge the size of the clearance and uniformity. If not even, to adjust to evenly between fixed again, this method is suitable for small gap plate stamping die. （2）Feeler method Will convex, concave die after molmerged, convex, concave die into the thickness of unilateral clearance feeler convex, concave die gaps in each direction. Then tighten the screw on mode. Finally put paper to stamping and will last mould seat and fixed on board with drilling, reaming positioning pin hole, and at a pin location. （3）Gaskets DiaoZhengFa Gasket adjustment method is simple, convenient, clearance is used widely. As shown in figure 1 shows, the mat with good contour mat iron, will gaskets wrapped in the punch to the punch into the concave mould, observe the convex, concave die clearance condition. If clearance does not even, with striking the protruding models of fixed plate method clearance adjustment, then tighten the screw on mode. Finally put paper to stamping, observation on paper cutting around burr and even rate to judge whether clearance convex, concave die even, to adjust the gap until cutting burr uniform so far. Finally the mould seat and the plate with drilling, reaming positioning pin hole, and enter the pin location. This method widely used cutting materials focusing thick large clearance and bending stamping, deep drawing mould clearance control. (4) Chemical method When the convex, concave die complex shape, the use of the above several methods more difficult to adjust the gap, the chemical method can be used to control the gap, the plating method is used. Plating method is the punch in the work surface coated with copper or zinc instead of washers. The plating thickness and unilateral gap is same, blade people concave die hole, and check the move without block phenomenon can assembly tighten. Coating in use process will die fall off naturally, need not removed. This uniform coating, can improve the uniformity of assembling clearance. (5) Technology DiaoZhengFa measures The main technological measures to adjust the gap between two kinds of the mould method: 1. Size method Processing of the punch, will the punch front-end appropriate lengthen, extended period of section size and sunken model hole processing to the same size. Assembly, make the punch into female model hole, natural form the cutting clearance, and then to the punch with fixed together with the punch mould seat on board with the pin for fixed and will last longer period of the punch front can remove form even clearance. 2. Positioning hole method Process positioning hole method and the inside of the progressive die principle about. Processing, the punch in fixed board and concave die on the same position processing two positioning ho