高中英语必修一到选修八课文原文语篇练习.doc

高考一轮复习语篇综合填空（依据人民教育出版社普通高中课程标准实验教科书必修和选修教材编写）编者的话高考英语试题早已由知识立意转向能力立意，但语言知识的学习不容有丝毫忽视，建空中楼阁的惨痛教训不可忘记。面对新课标实施后的第一届考生，如何在夯实语言基础知识的基础上突出综合语言能力的培养，如何在语言运用(Language Use)和语言知识（Language form）之间架设一个双向平台，尤其在高考英语一轮复习中如何实现这一目标，是我们长期以来不断思考和探索的课题。高考一轮复习语篇综合填空在这方面做了积极而有益的尝试，我们试图通过给课文设空的形式让考生首先站在语篇的高度来复习课文，设空原则以考查实词为主，同时兼顾连词、介词等。设空类型分为：1、根据上下文语境和单词首字母提示填写合适的词。2、根据上文语境填写合适的词。 3、根据上下文语境用括号中词的合适形式填空。 4、根据上下文语境选择合适的词填空。这样词汇知识的复习不再是孤立的毫无意义的个体，而是含有丰富语义的语篇中的活的组成部分。这样的复习才能达到“温故而知新”的目的。使用说明：第一步：要求学生首先通读练习全文，然后逐空作答，并将答案写在右侧。第二步：要求学生解题时首先独立完成，然后对照课文小组活动，讨论交流。第三步：要求指导教师对学生的不同答案都进行科学的分析，并做出合理的解释。第四步：对本单元重点词汇进行语义和话题分类，然后针对热点考点进行针对性讲解与训练。 必修（一）Unit 1 FriendshipANNES BEST FRIENDDo you want a friend _ you could tell everything to, like your deepest f_ and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or just cant understand what you _ (go through)? Ann Frank wanted the first kind, so she _ her diary her best friend.Ann lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they _ (catch) by the German Nazis. She and her family hid away for two years before they _ (discover). During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I dont want to _ a series of facts in a diary _ most people did, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read _ she felt after being in the hiding place for over a year.Thursday 15, June, 1944Dear Kitty,I _ if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so c_ about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time _ a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, m_ and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. Thats changed since I was here. For example, when it was so warm, I s_ awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening _ have a good look at the moon for once by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt d_ open a window. Another time some months ago, I happened to be _ one evening when the window was open. I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark, r_ evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half _ Id seen the night face to face. Yours, AnneUnit 2 English around the worldTHE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISHAt the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. In the next century, people f_ England started moving to other parts of the world, so English began to_ in many other countries. Today, more people speak English_ their first, second or foreign language than ever before. China may have the largest number of English speakers.Native English speakers can understand each other _ they dont speak the same kind of English. H_ , they may not be able to understand everything. For example, a British person may say to his friends, “Would you please come_ to my flat for a visit?” One of her American _ (friend) may then ask her, “Come up where?” Her Canadian friend might explain, “She means we should come up to her apartment.”So why_ English changed over time? All languages change _cultures communicate with one another. The English spoken between about AD 450_1150 was very different from the English spoken today. Actually, it was _ (base) more on German than present day English. Then from about 1150 to 1500 English changed even more. It became less like German, and more like French because those_ ruled England at that time spoke French. It became closer to the language you are l_ now. In the 1600s Shakespeare made use of a wide v_ than ever before. One big change in English usage happened when Noah Webster wrote the American Dictionary of the English Language, _ (give) American English its own identity. Later, when some British people went to Australia, English began to be spoken there. Now Australian English has its own i_ .English is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. India has a very large number of English speakers. This is _ Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in many other countries in Africa and Asia, _ South Africa, Singapore and Malaysia. In China, English has been used in Hong Kong _about 1842. Today the number of people _ (learn) English in China is increasing rapidly. Will Chinese English become one of the world Englishes? Only time will tell.STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTSWhat is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? _ it or not, there is no such a thing _ standard English. Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is s_ English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were e_ to speak excellent English. _ , even on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. When people use words and e_ different from “standard language”, it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects, e_ the Midwestern, southern, African and Spanish dialects. In some parts of the US, two people from _ (neighbor) towns can have a little different dialect. American English has so many dialects b_ people have come from all over the world. Geography also plays a part_ making dialects. Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern US speak with an older kind of English d_ . When Americans moved from one place to another, they_ (take) their dialects with them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern US speak with almost the same dialect _ people in the northwestern US. The US is a large country in _ many different dialects are spoken. Although many Americans move a lot, they still r_ each others dialects.Unit 3 Travel journalJOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONGPart I THE DREAM AND THE PLANMy name is Wang Kun. Since middle school, my sister Wanf Wei and I _ (dream) about taking a great bike trip. When we graduated from college, we finally got the chance to do it. It was my sister _ first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River from _ it begins to where it ends. She loves to go for long bike r_ in the countryside. Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike. Then she p_ me to buy one. Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college in Kunming. They are Dai and _ (grow) up in western Yunnan province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river_ is called the Mekong River before flowing in other countries. Wang Wei soon got them _ (interest) in cycling too.Wang Wei can be really stubborn. Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that we _ (find) the source of the river and begin our journey there. She told me that she wanted to do the trip p_ . Now, I know that the proper way is always her way. I asked her w_ she had looked at a map yet. Of course, she hadnt; my sister doesnt c_ about details. So I told her that the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai province. She gave me a d_ (determine) look- the kind that said she wouldnt change her m_. When I told her that our journey _ (will) begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters, she seemed to be e_ about it. When I told her the air would be hard to b_ and it would be very cold, she said it would be an i_ experience. I know my sister well. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give _ .Several months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library. We found a large atlas w_ good maps that showed details of the worlds geography. I kept_ (ask) her, “When are we leaving and when are we coming back?” From the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins_ a glacier on a Tibetan mountain. At first, the river is small,and the water is clear and cold. Then it begins to move quickly. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, _ (travel) across western Yunnan province. Sometimes the river enters wide valleys and becomes a waterfall. We were both s_ to learn that half of the river is in China. After it leaves China and the high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown and warm. As it enters Southeast Asia, it travels slowly through hills and low valleys, and the plains _ rice grows. At last, the rivers delta enters the South China Sea.JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONGPART 2 A NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINSAlthough it was autumn, the snow had already begun to f_ in Tibet. Our legs felt so heavy and cold, we thought they_ (are) ice. Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles? Wang Wei was in front of me, _ usual. I knew I didnt need to encourage her. To climb the mountain road was hard work_ to go down the hills was great fun. When we reached a valley, it became much _ (warm). We had to change from our caps, coats, gloves and trousers into T-shirts and s_ . Then, _ we reached the colder altitude, we had to change again. In the early evening, we stopped _ (make) camp. First we _ our tents and then we ate. After supper, Wang Wei went to sleep but I stayed a_ . At midnight, the sky became clear and the stars were b_ . It was quiet in the mountains that night- there was almost no wind, only the s_ of the fire. We have already traveled so far. We are reaching Dali in Yunnan Province _ our cousins Dao Wei and Yu Hang will j_ us. We can hardly wait to see them!Unit 4 EarthquakesA NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN”T SLEEPStrange thing were happening in the countryside in northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells r_ and fell, rose and fell. Farmers wives n_ that the walls had deep cracks in them. A _ _ (smell) gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were _ nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields _ _ (look) for places to hide. Fish jumped out of bowls and ponds. At about 3:00 am _ July 28, 1976, people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be h_ outside Tangshan even _ no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who _ these events, went to bed as usual that night.At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed that the world was at an end! Eleven kilometers d_ below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century began. It was heard in Beijing, w_ is one hundred kilometers away. One-third of the nation f_ it. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide _ across houses, roads and canals. Steam b_ from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock b_ rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in _ (ruin). Two-thirds of the people died or _ (injure) during the earthquake. Thousands of families were killed and many children _ (leave) without parents. The number of people who were killed or injured r_ more than 400,000.But how could the survivors believe it was natural? E_ they looked nearly everything was destroyed. All of the citys hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were _ (go). Bricks c_ the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, h_, could blow them away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for t_. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never g_ milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens had died. Sand now f_ the wells instead of water. People were s_. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. Some of the r_ workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to w_ how long the disaster would l_.All hope was not lost. The army s_ 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army o_ teams to dig out those who were trapped and to b_ the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines. Workers built shelters for the survivors w_ homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to b_ (breath) again.Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern heroELIAS STORYMy name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time _ I first met nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and he had opened a black law firm to a_ poor black people on their problems. I began school at six. The school w_ I studied only two years was three kilometers away. I had to leave, b_ my family could not continue to _ the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write. After_ (try) hard, I got a job in a gold mine. This was a time when one had got to have a p_ to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have this passbook because I was not born there and I was worried about w_ I would be out of work.The day when Nelson Mandela told me _ to do and helped me was one of the happiest d_ of my life. He told me how to get the correct papers s_ I could stay in Johannesburg. I never forgot how kind he was and when he organized the ANC Youth League, I j_ it as soon as I could. He said: “The last thirty years have s_ the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage _ we have almost no rights at all.”It was the truth. Black people had no v_ and could not choose who ruled them. The parts of town where they lived were places _ (decide) by white people. They could not get jobs they wanted. The places where they were sent to live were the poorest areas in South Africa.No one could g_ food there. In fact as Nelson Mandela said:“.we were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, _ fight the Government. We chose to attack the law. We first b_ the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed. Only then did we decide to a_ violence with violence.”As a matter of fact, I do not like violence. But in 1963 I helped him _ some government buildings. It was very dangerous because_ I was caught I could be put in prison for years. But I was happy to help because I knew it was to realize our dream of m_ black and white people equal.THE REST OF ELIAS STORYYou cannot i_ how the sound of the name of Robben Island made us afraid. It was a prison from _ no one escaped. There I spent the hardest time of my life. But w_ I got there Nelson Mandela was also there and in one way it helped me. For Mr Mandela began a school for those of us_ had studied very little. He taught us during the lunch b_ and the evenings when we should have been asleep. We read books under our blankets and used anything we could find _ (make) candles to see the words. I became a good student and wanted to study for my d_ but I was not allowed to do that. I knew I was clever enough because Mr. Mandela a_ the prison guards to join us. He said they should not be stopped_ studying for their degrees. As they were not cleverer than me, but did pass their exams, I knew I could get a degree too. That made me feel good about myself.When I had f_ the four years in prison, I went to find a job. Since I was better educated, I got a job w_ in an office. But the police found out and told the important men in my business that I had been to prison for b_ up government buildings. So I lost my job. I did not work for twenty years _ Mr. Mandela and the ANC _ in 1993. All that time my wife and children had to b_ for food and help from relatives or from friends. Luckily Mr. Mandela r_ me and gave me a job taking the tourists round my old prison on Robben Island. I f_ bad the first time I talked to a group. All the t_ and fear of that time came back to me. I remembered the beatings and the c_ of the guards and my friends who had died and I felt I would not be able to do it. But my family e_ me. They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government was my r_ after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. So now at 51 I am p_ to show visitors over the prison, for I helped to make our people free in our own land.必修（二）Unit 1 Cultural relicsIN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOMFrederick William I, the King of Prussia, _ (can, never, imagine) that his greatest _ to the Russian people would have such a strange history. This gift was the Amber Room, _ was given this name because almost seven thousand tons of amber were used to make it. Amber has a beautiful yellow-brown colour. A_ it feels as hard as stone, it easily melts when _ (heat ). Once it is heated, the amber can be made _ any shape. The design for the room was of the fancy style p_ in those days. The Amber Room was also made with gold and jewels. It _ a team of the countrys best artists ten years to make it. Everyone agreed that it was the best and biggest work of amber art ever made.In fact, the room was not made to be a gift. It was made for the palace of Frederick I. However, the next king of Prussia decided not to k_ it. In 1716, Frederick William I gave it