Unit 4 Lesson 1 语言点参考学案

Unit 4 Lesson 1语言点参考学案学习目标：To master the important language points in this lesson.学法指导：1. 使用优教通平台。2. 使用教辅和教参自主学习。核心词汇 1 affect vt. 影响；感染；(疾病)侵袭；使感动回归课本P8：Peter Taylor finds out how computers and the Internet are going to affect our lives.eg：（1）.She was deeply affected by the news of his death.他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。 2）Even below the driving limit，driving will be affected.即使低于酒驾限度，驾驶也将受影响。 (3).He was affected with high fever when we discussed the problem yesterday.昨天当我们讨论这个问题时，他正发高烧。 (4).What parents do and say has a lifelong effect on their children.父母的言行对孩子有长远的影响。拓展：be greatly/deeply affected很/深受感动be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉be affected with high fever发高烧have an effect/influence on对产生影响应用：With the governments aid，those by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.Aaffect Baffecting Caffected Dwere affected解析：句意为：在政府的援助下，那些受到地震影响的人们已经搬到新的定居点。用affect的过去分词形式作主语those的后置定语，表示“受到地震影响的人们”。答案：C4. offer v提供；提议；出(价)；主动提出；n.提供；提议；意图；报价offer sb.sth.offer sth.to sb.(主动)把某物提供给某人offer to do sth.主动提出做某事make an offer of help/support/food主动提供帮助/支持/食物offer sb.sth.for some money索价卖某物给某人offer sb.some money for sth.出价向某人买某物eg: (1).The waiter offered some coffee to the guests.The waiter offered the guests some coffee.服务员给客人们端了些咖啡来。 (2).All passengers were asked to offer their passports before boarding.所有乘客被要求登机前主动出示护照。 (3).She always makes an offer of help every time I get into trouble.每当我陷入困境，她总是主动提供帮助。 (4).Theyve offered us 60,000 for the house. Shall we take it?他们已向我们出价六万英镑买这所房子。我们卖不卖？辨析：辨析：offer，provide与supply三个词均表示“提供”，其结构为：offer sb.sth.或offer sth.to vide sb.with sth.或provide sth.for sb.。supply sb./sth.with sth.或supply sth.to sb./sth.。(5)We are here to provide a service for the public.我们来这里为公众服务。应用：Do you have any problems if you this job?Well，Im thinking about the salary.Aoffer Bwill offer Care offered Dwill be offered 解析：考查时态。句意为：如果你得到这份工作，你还有问题吗？嗯，我在考虑薪水问题。注意：条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用现在时态代替将来时态。句中you和offer是被动关系，故选C。 答案：C5. harm vt. n.伤害，损害回归课本P8：A terrorist is someone who does terrible things to harm countries，governments and people. do sb.harmdo harm to sb. There is no harm in doing sth.不妨做某事It does no harm to do sth.不妨做某事be harmful to对有害处(1).Too much drinking will do great harm to you/do you great harm.饮酒过量危害甚大。(2).There is no harm in combining the two mixtures.不妨把这两种混合物放在一起。(3).Obviously，the young ladys feeling was harmed/hurt by what her husband said.显然，这个年轻女士的丈夫的话伤害了她的感情。(4).Air pollution will get worse and this will be harmful to people，for example，it can cause cancer.空气污染会加剧，而且这会对人们造成危害，例如，它可以引发癌症。辨析：harm, destroy, damage, injure, hurtharm多指对有生命事物的健康、权利、事业的损害。例如:eg: These kind of animals are peoples friends. They will not harm people.destroy表示严重毁坏某物,使之不复存在或无法修复。例如:eg: The school was completely destroyed by the big fire.damage意思是损害,伤害,多用于无生命的事物,一般可修复。例如:eg: The flood did great damage to the crops. injure多指意外事故中受伤。例如:eg: Five people were injured in the car accident ten days ago. hurt在表示受伤时与injure同义,但比injure通俗,而injure语气更强。此外,hurt也常用来表示感情、自尊心受伤害；作不及物动词时,还可以表示疼痛。例如: Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had hurt his leg.My stomach hurts when I have cool food, doctor.应用：)Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up _ weakening of the human body.Aa；/ B/；the Ca；the D/；/解析：考查冠词的用法。句意为：许多生活方式对健康有如此大的伤害，甚至实际上会加速人体的衰退。第一个空格中的“do harm to.”为固定搭配，中间不用冠词，第二个空格后由于有of引导的后置定语，所以weakening前加the以限定。答案：B重点短语1come true实现，变成现实回归课本P7：Which of the predictions in them have already come true?eg: (1). Her dream of running her own business has come true.她经营自己企业的梦想已成为现实。(2).We believe that all of our dreams will come true sooner or later.我们相信我们的梦想迟早会实现。拓展：realise与come true realise和come true都有“实现(理想、愿望等)”之意，但用法不同。come true是系表结构，无被动语态，句型结构为e(s) true.realise是及物动词，句型结构为sb.realise sth.。eg: (3). Her dream to be a computer programmer came true after she graduated from university.她要成为电脑程序员的梦想在大学毕业后实现了。(4).At last she realised her dream of becoming an actress.她最终实现了当演员的梦想。应用：While you have made a wonderful plan，it is the most important for you to make it .Acome true Bcome loose Cgo bad Dgo wrong解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：尽管你制定了完美的计划，实现它才是最重要的。四个短语都是系表结构。come true实现；come loose松开，松掉；go bad(食物等)变坏；go wrong出错，弄错；(食品，产品)腐败，变质。 答案：A2. as if 好像，仿佛回归课本P8：Some experts see our future in virtual reality the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.as if仿佛,好像,用作连词,在本句中引导表语从句,后接陈述语气,表明从句的情况是可能发生的或被设想是真实的。例如:She looks as if she is going to cry.The meat tastes as if it has gone bad.和as if意思相同的短语是as though,两者可以互换使用。eg：I remember the whole thing as though / as if it happened yesterday.拓展：(1). as if引导方式状语从句或表语从句,谓语动词常用虚拟语气。当从句表示与现在事实相反的动作,从句用一般过去时；当表示与过去事实相反的动作,从句用过去完成时。eg: The student from Shanghai speaks English as if he was an American.He quarreled with one of his friends, but he behaved as if nothing had happened.(2). 和as if结构相似的短语有as for, as to,意思都是至于,说到。eg: As for / to me, I shall not go to the party with him.As for / to the meeting, we have to make a decision on when to start.应用：When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks it were broken.Aas if Bnow that Ceven though Dso that解析：句意为：当铅笔一部分放在一杯水中时，它看上去好像断了。as if引导表语从句，表示假设。答案：AEliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday.Awas happening Bhappens Chas happened Dhappened解析：考查虚拟语气。由as if引导的从句通常用虚拟语气，再结合前面的remembers 可知与现在事实相反，因此用一般过去时。答案：D重难句导学1. It is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet. 很明显，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。句式分析:It isadj./n.that-clause. that clause为主语从句，为了避免头重脚轻，用it作形式主语放在句首，而真正的主语从句(that clause)则放在句尾。eg:(1).It is obvious that nobody will accompany him on a walk.很显然没有人愿意陪他散步。(2).It is a pity that you missed such a good chance.你错过了这么好的一次机会真可惜。(3).Its wellknown that anyone who wins a prize should treat us to a good dinner.中奖的人要请我们美餐一顿，这是众所周知的。拓展：it作形式主语的几种句型：Itbeadj./n.(for sb./of sb.to do sth.)Its no use/no good/fun/useless/a good pleasure/a waste of time doing sth. It seems/appearsthatclauseIt seems/looks as if. eg:(4).It is no use arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.与比尔争辩是没用的，因为他从不改变主意。(5)It appears that it is going to rain now.似乎天要下雨了。应用：It never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dif解析：考查主语从句用法。句意为：我根本没想到你能成功地说服他改变主意。it作形式主语，me后面的从句是真正的主语，即主语从句。It occurs to sb.that.某人忽然想起。答案：CIt is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.Athat Bwhat Chow Dwhether解析：考查主语从句用法。句意为：虽然大约有2 000位病人服用过这种药，但是它到底会带来什么副作用还不可知。what side effect在此处作bring about的宾语。答案：B2. But I still find it hard to imagine. 但我还是觉得难以想像。句式分析:本句中含有“find it形容词to do sth.”句型。本句型中的it是形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语，形容词是宾语补足语。可以用这一固定句式的动词还有think，believe，feel，make等。(1).I found it easy to get along with the people there.我发现很容易和那里的人相处。(2) .(2010辽宁卷)The fact that she was foreign made it difficult for he