英语主谓一致复习课件.ppt

Agreement Subject verbAgreement 主谓一致要点精讲 主谓一致 是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致 即主语是复数 谓语也用复数形式 如are were have等 主语是单数 谓语要用单数形式 如 is was has works等 主谓一致 意义一致 Grammaticalconcord Notionalconcord Principleofproximity haveatry Thechildren be playingoutside John get upatsixo clockeverymorning They have notcomeyet Nobody know whoisgoingtowininthegame are gets have knows 主谓一致 主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数方面的一致 语法一致 1 Bothboys have have has theirownrooms 2 Fewstudents are be reallylazy 3 Eachboy has have has hisownbook 4 Everystudentcomes come ontime 语法一致 主语和谓语动词之间关系表现在 数 的形式上 内容一致 Myfamily is be alargeone Myfamily are be friendly Thenews is be sosurprising Sevendays is be toolongtowait 内容一致 主语和谓语动词的关系并非取决于语法上的单复数形式 而取决于主语单复数的意义 1 由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念 一个人的双重身份或匹配出现的事物时谓语动词为单数 由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念时 谓语动词用复数 TheworkerandwriterisfromBeijing 那个工人兼作家 TheworkerandthewriterarefromBeijing 那位工人和那位作家 BreadandbutterisadailyfoodintheWest BothCathyandherdaughterLindahavegonefishinginCanada 常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有 theneedleandthread针线saltandwater盐和水thefolkandknife刀叉ironandsteel钢铁timeandtide岁月 2 everyoneofoneofeachofeitherofneitherof 复数名词作主语 谓语用单数 Eachofthestudentshasabook Eachofthegirlslikesdancing Oneofthemhasbeenabroad NeitherofthetwoboysisgoodatEnglish oneof 复数名词 定语从句 结构如果one前面没有限定词 这个句型中的 复数名词 是先行词 定语从句的谓语动词用复数 如果one前面有theonly thefirst thelast theright等限定词修饰 则one是先行词 定语从句的谓语动词用单数 Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasthekeys Johnisoneofthestudentswhohavethekeys 3 morethanone manya 单数名词作主语 意义上是复数 谓语动词常用单数 形单意复 Morethanonestudenthastried Manyastudentandteacheriswatchingthefootballmatch Manyamanhasdiedinthewar 4 each every no manya 单数名词andeach every no manya 单数名词作主语 谓语动词用单数 Eachbookandeachpaperisfoundinitsplace Everyboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasseenthesepainting Everyhourandminuteisimportant 第二个each every no manya可以省略 5 a 单数名词 andahalf a 单数名词 ortwo作主语时 谓语动词用单数 Ayearandahalfhaspassed Adayortwoisenough oneortwo 复数名词 oneandahalf 复数名词作主语 谓语用复数 Oneortwoboysknowit OneandahalfmonthshavepassedsinceIsawhim AmonthandahalfhaspassedsinceIsawhim 6 all none some any等不定代词作主语 根据其指代的内容而定 Allarepresent Allthefoodtastesgood 7 anumberof 复数名词 作主语 谓语用复数 许多 thenumberof 复数名词 作主语 谓语用单数 的数量 Thenumberoftrafficaccidentshasincreased Anumberofchildrenlikethissong thequantityof 复数名词或不可数名词 谓语用单数 aquantityof 不可数名词 谓语用单数 quantitiesof 复数名词或不可数名词 谓语用复数 Quantitiesofteaweresoldlastmonth Alargequantityofbeerwassoldout Thequantityofbooksinthelibraryisamazing 8 Quantity iesof 名词复数 不可数名词 halfmostenoughparttherestthelastlotssomeplenty分数百分数 of 名词作主语 谓语动词要和of之后的名词保持一致 9 Two thirdsofthepeoplepresentareagainsttheplan Three fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredbysea Overtwentypercentofthecitywasdestroyedinthewar Forty fivepercentofthedoctorswerewomen Only40percentofthestudentsintheclassareboys 10 集体名词class family army team club population enemy party crowd majority crew audience government public group committee等作主语 强调整体用单数 指个体成员用复数 HisfamilyisinHarbin Hisfamilyaremusiclovers Thecommitteewasmadeupof10members Thecommitteewereinthehall 1 Hisfamily asmallone 2 Hisfamily fatandshort A is isB are areC is areD are is 此题应选C family是一个集合名词 具有单数 侧重指整体 和复数 侧重指个体 两种可能 但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法 1 有的集合名词总是用作单数 不可数 clothing衣服 poetry诗歌 luggage行李 furniture家俱 scenery景色等 2 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义 people人 police警察 cattle牲口等 3 goods clothes glasses shoes scissors及trousers compasses等以复数形式出现的名词作主语 谓语用复数 4 news politics maths physics plastics等形式为复数而意义为单数的名词作主语 谓语用单数 ThegoodsbelongtoMr Wang Nonewsisgoodnews Mytrousersarenew 11 the adj v ed v ing 作主语the dying young old blind rich sick wounded poor及dead等词 相当于复数名词 代表整个类别 故作主语时谓语用复数 TheoldinChinaarelivingahappylife Thewoundedhavebeensaved Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound 12 表示时间 距离 钱额 重量 空间 体积等意义的复数名词作主语 谓语动词常用单数 Eighthoursofsleepisenough Ahundredmilesisalongdistance 13 动名词 不定式 从句做主语1 单个动名词或不定式作主语 谓语用单数 Makingspeechesisnotherstrongpoint Growingflowersneedsconstantwatering 2 由that where when whether how等词引导的名词性从句作主语 主句的谓语常用单数形式 Howtheycanfinishtheirworkisstillunknown Wherewewillgohasnotbeendecided Whenandwheretoholdthemeeting notdecided Whentoholdthemeetingandwheretohavelunch notdecided is are 14 由 or either or neither nor notonly butalso not but 等连接的并列主语 谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词在单复数上保持一致 就近原则 NotonlyhebutalsoIaminvited Iorhisbrothersweretoblame NeitherInorheistoattendthemeeting Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisenjoyingthefilm NotonlyIbutJaneandMary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother A isB areC amD be 析 由 or either or neither nor not but notonly butalso 连接两个并列主语时 动词与靠近的主语保持一致 B 15 当therebe herebe句型的主语是一系列事物时 谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致 1 Thereisapen aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk 2 Therearetwentyboy studentsandtwenty threegirl studentsintheclass 3 Hereisaletterandabookforyou 4 Therearethreechairs twotablesandabikeinthehouse 16 主语后跟 with alongwith togetherwith like unlike besides but except including aswellas asmuchas ratherthan morethan nolessthan andnot 名词 结构时 谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致 1 Theteacherwithanumberofstudentsisintheclassroom 2 Tom asmuchasyou wasresponsiblefortheloss 3 Hemorethanyouisanxioustogothere Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift A isofferedB hasofferedC areofferedD haveoffered 1 youorhetheteacherofEnglish Neithermysisternormymother presentatthemeeting A Are wasB Is wereC Are areD Is is A DoSomeExercises 2 Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet A isnotdecidedB arenotdecidedC hasnotdecidedD havenotdecided 析 当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时 谓语动词用单数 A 4 E mail aswellastelephones animportantpartindailycommunication A isplayingB haveplayedC areplayingD play 5 Oneortwodays enoughtoseethecity A isB areC amD be6 NeithermywifenorImyself abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind A isB areC amD be 7 Nottheteacher butthestudents lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm A isB areC amD be 8 His SelectedPoems firstpublishedin1965 A wereB wasC hasbeenD havebeen B 9 Awomanwithsomechildren soon A iscomingB arecomingC hascomeD havecome10 Nooneexceptmyparents anythingaboutthis A knowB knowsC isknownD areknown Nooneknowsanythingaboutthisexceptmyparents 11 Theteacheraswellasthestudents thebookalready A hasreadB havereadC arereadingD isreading12 Allbutone intheaccident A waskilledB werekilledC willbekilledD arekilled Allwerekilledintheaccidentbutone 13 Thenumberofpeopleinvited fifty butanumberofthem absentfordifferentreasons A were wasB was wasC was wereD were were14 ofthelandinthatdistrict coveredwithtreesandgrass 99sh A Twofifth isB Twofifth areC Twofifths isD Twofifths are 15 Mathematics thelanguageofscience A isB aregoingtobeC areD were A 16 Agooddealofmoney spentonbooks A haveB hasC havebeenD hasbeen17 Onthewall twolargeportraits A hangsB hangC hangedD hanging D B 18 turngreeninspring A LeafB LeafsC LeaveD Leaves D 19 NobodybutJane thesecret A knowB knowsC haveknownD isknown20 Allbutone herejustnow A isB wasC hasbeenD were B D 高考真题训练 1 Onethirdofthecountry coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens blackpeople A is areB is isC are areD are is2 Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe stheonlyoneofthewomenwho eveningdress A wearB wearsC haswornD haveworn3 Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertscausedhearinglossinsometeenagers A isB areC hasD have A B C 4 ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities risingsteadilysince1990 A isB areC hasbeenD havebeen5 Theteachertogetherwiththestudents discussingReadingSkillsthat newlypublishedinAmerica A are wereB is wereC are wasD is was6 Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow A areB isC haveD be7 Dr Smith togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters visitBeijingthissummer A isgoingtoB aregoingtoC wasgoingtoD weregoingto8 Didyougototheshowlastnight Yeah Everyboyandgirlintheareainvited A wereB havebeen C hasbeenD was C D B A D 9 Asurveyoftheopinionsofexpertsthatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweekgoodforone shealth A