补充注释 Unit 1 Notes to the Texts

Unit 1 Breaking Records补充注释1. Covering a mile in the fastest time while doing gymnastically correct lunges is yet another event in which Ashrita is outstanding. 做标准的体操弓箭步动作向前，以最快的速度走完一英里的路程是阿西里塔又一个出色的项目。 time在这里的意思是“速度；速率”（the rate of speed of an activity），所以短语“in the fastest time”意为“以最快的速度”。如：running in double time以两倍的速度运行。yet在这里不表示转折或让步，它的意思是“另外，此外”（besides；in addition），常和another搭配充当名词定语。如：He has given yet another reason. 他又补充了一个理由。 The Summer Palace is yet another place we plan to visit. 此外，我们还计划去颐和园。 2. You start by standing and then you step forward with the right foot while touching the left knee to the ground. 开始时呈站立姿势，然后右脚向前迈一步，同时左膝触地。 forward是副词，意思是“向前；朝前”，可以指具体的前方，也可以指抽象的前方（未来、将来）。如： Suddenly she leaned forward. 她突然身体朝前倾。 From this time forward, you are a member of the family. 从今往后，你就是这家庭中的一员了。 Since you are young, you can only look forward. 你们还年轻，只能向前看。forward也可以作形容词，意思是“前面的；进步的；早熟的；热心的；爱出风头的”。如： a forward movement向前移动 the forward part of a ship船的前部 forward views进步的意见，激进的观点 The child is very forward at walking. 这孩子走路走得早。 Dont be too forward. 别太出风头。 forward还可以作动词，意思是“转寄；寄；发送”。如： Please forward this letter to the following address. 请将这封信转寄到下面的地址。 I am forwarding you an attachment. 我发送给你一个附件。 These mails will be forwarded immediately. 这些邮件将立刻发送。 词语联想 backward向后 afterward然后；后来 outward向外 eastward向东 westward向西 注意：toward（s）也表示朝向，但它是介词，后面要接朝向或接近的对象作宾语，如：He is moving to ward me. 他向我走过来。forward是副词，后面一般不接宾语，如：He is moving forward. 他在向前移动。while touching the left knee to the ground相当于while you touch the left knee to the ground。while的意思是“当的时候；与同时发生”。如果while引导的从句的主语与主句的主语相同，则主语与be动词可省略，但实义动词则要变为-ing形式。如果从句主语与主句主语不同，则不能省略。例如： While（he was）in London he became interested in literature. 在伦敦的时候，他迷上了文学。 Can you keep a full bottle of milk on your head while (you are) walking. 你能在走路时头顶一满瓶牛奶吗? While he was making the call, I took a picture of him. 当他正在打电话时，我给他照了张相。 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 3. Every time Ashrita tries to break a record, he reaches a point where he feels he cannot physically do any more. 每次试图破纪录的时候，阿西里塔都会达到一个体力不可逾越的极限点。 every time在句中充当时间状语，修饰动词try，意思是“每次”。其它常用作时间状语的词组还有：every other day每隔一天。 every now and then偶尔，不时 day and night日夜 all ones life一辈子 where引导的定语从旬修饰先行词point。 需要注意的是，这里的cannotany more表示“再也不能继续下去了”。由于阿西里塔参加的项目众多，每个项目的动作也不一样，如走、跳、翻、站等，所以用physically do来代指所有的运动动作。cannot physically do any more相当于“再也走不动了”、“再也跑不动了”、“再也翻不了了”等的集合。4. At the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games, she took the gold medal in the womens 10-metre platform, becoming the youngest Olympic diving champion of all time. 在1992年的巴塞罗那奥运会上，她获得女子10米跳台金牌，成为有史以来最年轻的奥运会跳水冠军。 becoming the youngest Olympic diving champion of all time充当伴随状语。 of all time是形容词词组，修饰前面的名词词组（the youngest Olympic diving champion），它主要用于加强语气。例如： When we get married, we are going to have the biggest party of all time。我们结婚时要办一个最盛大的宴会。the greatest genius of all time最负盛名的天才the biggest liar of all time天底下最大的骗子 5. While there she decided to make a comeback and went on to compete at the Sydney Olympic Games, where she won her fourth Olympic gold, again making Olympic history. 读书期间，她决定复出参加悉尼奥运会，结果她又获得了自己的第四枚奥运会金牌，再次改写了奥运会历史。 while there是一个时间状语，相当于while she was there。where引导的是定语从句，相当于at the Sydney Olympic Games。making Olympic history是定语从句中won her fourth Olympic gold的伴随状语。 make a comeback意思是“复出；东山再起，卷土重来”。如： His fans were cheered by the announcement that the singer would make a comeback. 得知这位歌星将复出歌坛的消息后，他的歌迷们十分兴奋。Michael Jordan made an unexpected comeback. 迈克尔乔丹出人意料地重返篮坛。 make history意思是“创造历史；做出重大贡献”。如： Churchill stood up, his eyes full of tears, “We have made history tonight,” he said. 丘吉尔站起身，眼里满含着泪