山西省永济市涑北中学高三英语周测题（12.21）.doc

山西省永济市涑北中学高三英语周测题（12.21）a（2011.江苏）according to the us government, wind farms off the pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every yearunfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills（see picture）to touch bottoman experiment under way off the coast of norway, however, could help put them anywherethe project, called hywind, is the worlds first large-scale deepwater wind turbine（涡轮发电机）although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton,2.3-megawatt turbine, hywind represents totally new technologythe turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar（see picture）,a technology hywinds creator, the norwegian company statoilhydro, has developed recentlythe steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cable（缆索）；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waveshywinds stability（稳定性）in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind powerif all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern norway as early as septemberto produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than hywind does, but its difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the oceanto make that turbine heavier, the whole spars centre of gravity must to moved much closer to the oceans surface. to do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox（变速箱）sits at sea level rather than behind the blades（see picture）hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely largeout at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planteddeep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objectionif the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planets surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available63the hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of _athe cables which tie the spar to the ocean floorbthe spar which is floating in deep-sea watercthe blades driven by strong and steady sea winddthe stones filled in the spar below the sea surface64to balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting _aon the sea floorbon the spar topcat sea level dbehind the blades65wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can _asolve the technical problems of deepwater windmillsbmake financial profits by producing more turbinescsettle the arguments about environmental problemsdexplore low-carbon power resources available at seab（2008.陕西）did you know that womens brains are smaller than mens? the average womens brain weighs 10% less than mens. since research has shown that the bigger the brain, the cleverer the animal, men must be more intelligent(聪明的) than women. right? wrong. men and women always score similarly on intelligence tests, despite the difference in brain size. why? after years of study, researchers have concluded that its whats inside that matters, not just the size of the brain. the brain consists of “grey matter” andit has been suggested that smaller brain appears to work faster, perhaps because the two sides of the brain are better connected in women. this means that little girls tend to learn to speak earlier, and that women can understand sorts of information from different sources at the same time. when it comes to talking to the boss on the phone, cooking dinner and keeping an eye on the baby all at the same time, its women who come out on top every time. there are other important differences between two sexes. as white matter is the key to spatial(空间的) tasks, men know better where things are in relation to other things. “a great footballer always knows where he is in relation to the other players, and he knows where to go,” says one researcher. that may explain one of lifes great mysteries: why men refuse to ask for directions and women often need to! the differences begin when fetuses(胎儿) are about mine weeks old, which can be seen in the action of children ad young as one. a boy would try to climb a barrier (障碍物) before him or push it down while a girl would attract help from others. these brain differences also explain the fact that more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills, while more women speech skills. it may all go back to our ancestors(祖先) ,among whom women needed speech skills to take care of their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt, according to one research. if all this disappoints you, it shouldnt. “the brain changes throughout our lives according to what we do with it.” says a biologist.57. which of the following is true according to the first paragraph? a. womens brain is 10% less than mens b. grey matter plays the same role as white matter. c. grey matter controls thinking in the brain. d. both sexes have the same amount of white matter.58. what can we infer from the second and third paragraphs? a. women prefer doing many things at a time. b. men do better dealing with one job at a time. c. women do not need to tell directions. d. men have weaker spatial abilities.59. which of the following do you agree with according to the fourth paragraph? a. young boys may be stronger than young girls. b. more women take up jobs requiring speech skills c. women may have stronger feelings than men. d. our ancestors needed more spatial skills.60. what is the writers attitude in writing this passage?a. defensive. b. persuasive.c. supportive.d. objective.c（2010. 辽宁）too much tv-watching can harm childrens ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.one of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern california third-graders. those with tvs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedrooms tvs.a second study, looking at nearly 1,000 grown-ups in new zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of tv during childhood. but the results dont prove that tv is the cause and dont rule out that already poorly motivated youngsters(年轻人)may watch lots of tv.their study measured the tv habits of 26-year-olds between ages 5 and 15. those with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of tv per weeknight during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.in the california study, children with tvs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest, while those with no bedroom tv but who had home computers scored the highest.while this study does not prove that bedroom tv sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldnt have tvs in their bedrooms.64. according to the california study, the low-scoring group might_.a. have watched a lot of tv b. not be interested in mathc. be unable to go to college d. have had computers in their bedrooms65.what is the researchers understanding of the new zealand study results?a. poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more tv. b. habits of tv watching reduce learning interest.c. tv watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds.d. the connection between tv and education levels is difficult to explain.66. what can we learn from the last two paragraphs?a. more time should be spent on computers. b. children should be forbidden from watching tv.c. tv sets shouldnt be allowed in childrens bedrooms. d. further studies on high-achieving students should be done.67. what would be the best title for this text?a. computers or television b. effects of television on childrenc. studies on tv and college education d. television and childrens learning habitsd(2009 湖南)people diet to look more attractive. fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. that is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of australian scientists. the research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “in studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding （繁殖） rights within the group,” explains marian wong. “all other group members are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. we wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.” the reason for the size difference was easy to see. once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. more often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up. it appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. whether they did so voluntarily, by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. the research team decided to do an experiment. they tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. to their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.the discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small. while the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, dr. wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarch