新概念二 lesson 6 冠词.doc

Lesson 6 Percy Buttons 【New words and expressions】生词和短语 beggar n. 乞丐 food n. 食物 pocket n. 衣服口袋 call v. 拜访，光顾 beggar n. 乞丐 beg v.乞求 beg (for) sth. from sb. 向讨要/行乞，乞求 beg sb. for sth. 恳求 乞求 （以一种谦虚的姿态要求） beg sb. (not) to do sth. I beg your pardon? (a. Im sorry/excuse me. b. please repeat.) ( pardon a. 原谅v. pardon me.同forgive me. b. 请求重复int. pardon？) v.+er/or/ar 可表达人的概念谚 Beggars cant be choosers.饥不择食。Let beggars match with beggars. 门当户对。（龙配龙，凤配凤）Beggars do not envy millionaires, though of course they will envy other beggars who are more successful. 乞丐并不羡慕百万富翁，尽管他们一定会羡慕比他们乞讨得多的乞丐。 Beg from beggars and youll never be rich. 向乞丐乞讨，你永远也发不了财。Beggars bags are bottomless. 乞丐永不知足。Beggar （口）家伙-有戏谑之意 美国多用homeless无家可归者 或tramp 流浪汉food 1）食物（通常不可n.） e.g. mental food 精神食粮 2）表示食物种类或作为特种食品时可看做 可n. e.g. In supermarket, we can see various foods. baby foods, healthy foods, frozen foods, 常见 fast food seafood finger food 零食 junk food food chain食物链pocket n. 衣服口袋 jacket/trouser(adj.) pocket pocket dictionary 袖珍词典 pocket-knife pocket money (小孩的)零花钱vs beer money 男士零花钱 pick ones pocket扒窃 put ones pride in ones pocket 姑且忍辱负重 have sth. in ones pocket 胸有成竹 Money burns a whole in ones pocket. 极度挥霍。 inner pocket 内口袋； 夹克的口袋；coat pocket 大衣口袋 pocket book 袖珍书； pocket pick 车上的小偷 change 零钱 get exact change 准备好正确的零花钱 beer money (男人的)零花钱 call 1）v. 拜访 （车、船等）停靠 call on sb. e.g. I will call on you. call at sp./sw. 拜访某地 e.g. I will call at your home. VS visit sb./sp. （正式）The train calls at large stations only. 这列火车只停大站。2）vt.&vi. 打电话 call sb.（up） = ring sb.（up） call back 回某人电话3) vt.&vi. 叫，喊 I heard someone calling. call out =shout 大声喊 4) vt. 呼唤，召唤 Lucy is sick. Please call a doctor. call for 要求 需要 call in sb. 招集和邀请某人 For the project, the government called in a lot of experts. 4）n. a call/cry for help 求助 求救【Text】 I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer. 参考译文 我刚刚搬进了大桥街的一所房子. 昨天一个乞丐来敲我的门, 问我要一顿饭和一杯啤酒. 作为回报, 那乞丐头顶地倒立起来, 嘴里还唱着歌. 我给了他一顿饭. 他把食物吃完, 又喝了酒. 然后把一块乳酪装进衣袋里走了. 后来, 一位邻居告诉了我他的情况. 大家都认识他, 他叫珀西.巴顿斯. 他每月对这条街上的每户人家光顾一次, 总是请求给他一顿饭和一杯啤酒. 【课文讲解】 1、Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. knock v. 敲门 vi. 敲门 I knocked, but no one answered. knock at 敲（门、窗等） knock at the door；knock at the window vt.&vi. 碰撞 You always knock things off the table. 你总是碰掉桌上的东西。 Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning. 今天上午吉姆被一辆公共汽车撞倒了。 She has knocked a cup over again. 她又碰倒了一个杯子。 vt. 把（某人）打成状态 He knocked Tom out yesterday. 他昨天把汤姆打昏过去了。 与off连用时有一些特殊含义，一般用于口语 vt. （价格上）减去，除去，打折扣 They knocked five dollars off the price of the coat. The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.（He reduced the price by 10%.） vi. 下班，停止，中断（工作等） When do you usually knock off? 你一般什么时候下班？ He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven. 他十一点半休息吃中午饭。 2、He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. ask (sb.) for sth =request for sth. 问某人要什么东西 （for 为了这个目的去请求某人, sb.更多的时候不出现, ask for sth.） The boy asked (his parents)for money again/once more. 3、In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. in return for this 作为对的回报，作为交换（this 在代词当中常常指代上文的一件事情） Ill buy a present for him in return for hospitality. （hospitality adj. 热情） in return 作为回报 You lent me this interesting book last month. In return (for it), Ill show you some picture books. In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family. He doesnt want anything in return. 他不想得到任何回报 stood on his head 倒立 stand on ones hands 用手着地(hand单数就是一只手, 双手复数) stand on ones knees 跪着, 膝盖 lie on ones back 仰面躺着 lie on ones side 侧躺 lie on ones stomach 趴着 4、Later a neighbour told me about him. 介词about可以和一些动词连用，以表示“关于（的）”、“ 涉 及（的）” Please tell me about the accident. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事（about关于, 通过其他事自己得出的结论） tell you about him tell you about the word 解释这个单词的意思 tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某件事(把事情直接告诉) tell you the news tell you the word 直接告诉这个单词 5、Everybody knows him. everybody作为主语一定作单数看待, 属于不定代词 所有的不定代词作为主语一律为单数看待 : somebody，anybody，everything等 6、He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer. calls at 光顾，拜访 in the street（英国）/on the street（美国） once a month 一个月一次, 单位表达方式 once adj. 表示每一次（表示频率时后面直接加表示时间的名词）, 计量单位 “/” （每） five kilometers an hour He goes back to the South once a year. 【Key structures】 A, The and Some I 不定art. （article 1.文章 2. 商品 3. 语法-冠词）a/an (元音音素前用an )1） 表示“一”这个数量 意思和“one”相似 e.g. Rome was not built in a day. 冰冻三尺非一日之寒。2） “某一个”表泛指 e.g. This poem was written by a student. (哪个学生不清楚)3） 和n.一起代表一类人或事物 e.g. A teacher must love his students.II 定art. the1) 表特指的人或物，与不定冠词泛指相对应 e.g. We must catch the next bus. 2) 与某些n.连用表示一个民族、阶级、阶层 e.g. The Chinese people are industrious and brave. Life was hard for the working class.3) 也可和可n.单连用，代表一类人或东西。（与不定art.用法3相同）e.g. 谚 The fox may grow grey but never good. 江山易改，本性难移。4) 表世界上独一无二的东西 the sun the moon the earth5) 与adj.；连用 代表一类人或东西 the rich the poor; the deaf the oppressed 被压迫者III Some1） 表示“一些” 用于肯定句，+可n. (pl.)/不可n. 2） 用于疑问句中表征询意见，希望得到对方肯定回答 e.g. Would you like some?3） 可用来修饰可n.单，表示某一个 e.g. Youll forget it some day. (某一天) I will be successful some day. (总有一天)【Special Difficulties】 短语动词 某些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变词义, 这种新的组合称作短语动词 put v. 放 put on 穿上，戴上 take v. 拿走 take off 脱掉，摘掉 look v. 看 look at 看；look for 寻找；look after 照顾；look out 当心；look out of 向外看 call call at；call on；call in；call back； call for 去取某物, 去接某人；需要 The problem calls for immediate action. 这个问题需要立即采取行动 knock v. 敲 knock at 敲门 knock off 下班 He knocked off earlier. knock off 打折 Knock 10% off the price. knock sth. off+地点 把撞倒，如果有地点，用介词 off；无地点，用介词over e.g. knock the vase off the table I knocked the boy off the bicycle. knock over A car knocked the boy over. knock out 打晕, 在拳击场合中, 把人打倒在地叫knock out(专用术语) He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer out. 【Multiple choice questions】 5 A neighbour told me about him. He _d_ Percy Buttons was a beggar. a. told b. said me c. told to me d. said He says + 句子；He says +that+句子； say to sb. tell sb. +that+句子 He said to me/He told me 他告诉我 He told me he was a Beggar./He said he was a Beggar. 6 Everybody knows him. _a_ know him. a. They all b. Each c. Every d. All they all of us, we all 我们所有人 every adj. 每一个 every +n. 每一个(书, 本, 人等) every person likes each adj.&pron. 每一个 each +n；each 直接作主语或者宾语 each person likes./each likes. every只能是形容词性，强调整体，常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目，不能直接做主语；each既可作形容词，又可作代词，强调个体，常用以一个确定的并通常是有限的数目，在作代词时，直接作主语或宾语，使用第三人称单数 Each child in the school was questioned. Every child enjoys Christmas. Each of us has his own work to do.They each have a share. 7 _d_ does he call? Once a month. a. How seldom b. How long c. How soon d. How often once a month 每月一次, 属于频率 对频率提问 : how often How often do you visit your mother? 对时间和次数提问 提问多久 : how long How long do you visit your mother? 对时间提问 提问次数 : how many times How many times do you visit your mother each month? how soon 多久以后 How soon will you finish your homework? 8 A beggar is a person who _a_ . a. asks for money but doesnt work b. asks for food c. works hard d. is out of work out of work 失业 I am out of work./I lose my job. 10 She gave him a piece of cheese. He put the _a_ of cheese in his pocket. a. bit b. bar c. block d. packet a bit of /a piece of 在英文中经常互用 bar 门闩 : 长条状 : a bar of chocolate; a bar of soap block n. 房子；块, 一大块；v. 堵塞 packet 一包 12 All the houses in our _a_ are the same age and size. a. street b. way c. road d. route same age and size 同年代同样式 street 两边有房子的街道, 强调城市里的街道 way, on the way, in the way 挡住某人的路(强调方向) road 路的通称 road home 通往家的路 (张艺谋的