unit 15 Learning学案 北师大版必修5

M5 unit 15 Learning（1）1. suspect vt. 猜想；怀疑;(没有证据而)怀疑有罪(第 二个音节重读) She has more intelligence than we suspected her to possess. 她的智慧比我们猜想的要高。(相当于suppose) I suspect her motives. 我怀疑她的动机不纯。(相当于doubt) He was suspected of a theft. 他有偷窃嫌疑。adj. 可疑的,不可信的 (第一个音节重读) The evidence given by them is highly suspected. 他们提供的证据非常值得怀疑。n. 可疑分子；嫌疑犯 (第一个音节重读) When the man was found dead, the police arrested two suspects. 当发现那个人死后,警察逮捕了两名可疑分子。我们怀疑他提供假情报。 _我怀疑他是个说谎的家伙。 _We suspected him of giving false information.I suspect him to be a liar / that he is a liar. 2. instruct vt. 教,指导；通知,告知；指示,命令 He instructed us (in) how to use the computer. 他教我们如何使用电脑。 His uncle instructed him in French. 他的叔叔教他法语。 We were instructed not to tell about it. 我们接到指示不得说出此事。instruction n. 教,讲授;指示,命令;s用法说明Read the instructions carefully before you use it.使用之前请仔细阅读说明书。3. apart from, besides, but与except这些词都有“除了”的意思，但在使用时相互间还是有区别的。apart from既可以表示“除是个例外”，还可表示“包括在其中”的意思；也就是说，它既可以代替besides也可以代替except。No one has passed the difficult exam, apart from the new student.No one has passed the difficult exam except the new student.除了新来的那个学生外，没有人通过这次艰难的考试。Apart from a few English words, I know a little grammar about English language.Besides a few English words, I know a little grammar about English language.除了一些英语单词之外，我还懂一点儿英语语法。besides作介词用时的意思是“除了之外还有”。The boy works hard at his lesson besides being intelligent.那男孩除了脑子聪明以外，学习也很用功。but作介词用时的意思是“除了之外”，相当于except，但它前面一般是不定代词而不是其他词。He never told me anything but his work.除了工作，他不和我说任何事情。except作介词时的意思是“除了是例外”。We go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.我们除了星期六和星期天不上学外，其他的日子都上学。1. 除了足球，我还喜欢打篮球和排球。_2. 除了我们的老师，没有谁能在功课上帮助我们。_【答案】1. Besides football, I like playing basketball and volleyball. 2. Nobody but our teachers could help us with our lessons.4. pace n. 步速；速度at the pace of 3 miles an hour 以每小时3英里的步速quicken the pace of educational reform 加快教育改革的进度She works so fast that I cant keep pace with her.她工作得很快,我跟不上她的速度。v. 踱步 The lion paced the floor of his cage restlessly. 狮子烦躁地在兽笼里走来走去。那个小男孩跟不上他哥哥的步子。 _ _会后经理烦躁/焦虑地在房间踱来踱去。 _ _The little boy cant keep pace with his elder brother.After the meeting the manager paced up and down the room. 5. reflect vt. 反射,折射；映出,反映 Mirrors reflect light. 镜子反光。 The clouds / trees were reflected / mirrored in the water. 云彩/树木倒映在水中。vi. 沉思,深思,考虑 reflect on a problem 思考一个问题 reflect on what to do next 考虑下一步怎么办一个人的神态反映出他内心的思想。 _ _我经常思考人生的美丽与复杂。 _ _Ones looks reflect the thoughts passing through his mind.I often reflect on the beauty and complexity of life.6. lack vt. 缺乏,缺少 He lacks confidence in himself. 他缺乏自信心。n. 缺乏，缺少 Lack of evidence resulted in their being set free. 因证据不足,他们被无罪释放。lacking adj. 缺少的be lacking in 缺乏He is lacking in responsibility. 他缺乏责任心。她有决心，而她兄弟却没有。 _ _这植物因缺水而枯死了。 _She has the determination that her brother lacks.The plant died for lack of water. 7. access n. 通路，接近/使用进入某地的方法/权利/可能性，接近某人的方法/权利/可能性； v. 接近，使用Citizens may have free access to the library.市民可以免费使用这个图书馆。I cant access the file on your company because Ive forgotten the code.我无法使用贵公司的文件， 因为我把代码忘了。accessible adj. 可接近的；可使用的；随和的be accessible to sb. 能为某人接近或使用的available adj. 能够被获得的/使用的/到达的/(人)有空闲的 1. 我们在教室里可以上互联网。We _ the Internet in the classroom.2. 唯一能接近此人的方法是通过其秘书。_ the man is through his secretary.3. 药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。Medicine should not be kept where it is _ children.【答案】1. have access to2. The only access to3. accessible to8. acquire vt. 获得,取得；开始占有或具有； 学到(知识等)How did he acquire his wealth? 他的财富是怎样得来的？get, obtain, gain与acquireget为普通用词；obtain正式用词,尤指经过努力而获得、取得；gain暗示通过努力争取到或赢取到自己需要 的或者想要的东西；acquire也属正式用语,指通过努力、能力、行 为表现等“获得,得到”。obtain, gain和acquire 基本可互换。9. assume vt. 假设,以为；承担；假装 I assume that this is the best possible translation. 我认为这可能是最好的译文了。 I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it. 我错了,我愿为此承担责任。 10. alternative adj. 替换的；供选择的 n. 可供选择的事物Their main job is to find an alternative sources of energy.他们的主要任务是找到一种替代能源。It rained all day long last Sunday, so I _.上周日下了一天雨，我除了待在家中别无选择。【答案】had no alternative but to stay at home11. approve vt. 批准,核准；赞成,称许,同意； vi. 赞成,称许 approve of sth. We dont approve of solving the problem by way of fighting. 我们不赞成用打架的方式来解决问题。 注意其名词形式：approval委员会批准了这个报告。 _我无法赞同这种行为。 _The committee approved the report. I couldnt approve such conduct. 12. urge vt. 推进,驱策；极力主张,强烈要求(此义 引导的宾语从句用虚拟should do)；催促,力劝 He was urged by his conscience. 他受他的良心所驱策。 He urged us to give a helping hand to the beggar. 他敦促我们帮帮那个乞丐。他们要求图书馆假期也开放。_They urged that the library (should) be kept open during the vacation.13. be accustomed to / adapt to / adjust to be accustomed to=be used to 习惯于 He was accustomed to command, not to obey. 他习惯发号施令,而不是服从。 adapt to 适应adapt oneself to 使自己适应The new students are very slow to adapt to the rules.新生对于那些规定适应得很慢。adjust to 适应adjust oneself to (调节自己)以适应I was not able to adjust myself to the working environment there. 我适应不了那里的工作环境。你要适应那里的新环境。 _ _我这个年龄还可以适应国外的生活吗？ _You have to adapt yourself to the new environment there.Could I adjust to life abroad at this age?1. I felt as if I had done something wrong. (句型：as if / though 后面的从句常用过去时 或过去完成时表示虚拟) It looks as if its going to rain. 看样子好像要下雨。 He speaks English perfectly as if he had lived in England for many years. 他英语讲得很好，好像他在英国生活了很多 年似的。as if与as though 意义与用法完全相同，可换用。as if 与as though 后面的从句既可以用虚拟语 气也可以用陈述语气。要根据具体的上下文 确定使用何种语气。对比： The baby looks as if he is ill. 这孩子好像病了。(真的病了) The clown looks as if he were ill. 那个小丑好像害病似的。(虚拟语气)1.他装作若无其事的样子。 _ _2.看起来他们好像实验成功了。 _ _He behaved as if / though nothing had happened.It looks as if they have succeeded in the experiment.3.那个长头发的男孩子看起来像个姑娘。 _ _The boy with long hair looks as if he were a girl.2. Its obvious / surprising that从句：主语从句 Its obvious that it will rain tomorrow. 很显然明天会下雨。 有些形容词引导的主语从句需用虚拟should do