高中英语从句的用法大全.doc

一原因从句1. 由asbecausesince 引导的原因从句：We camped there asbecausesince it was too dark to go on我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。AsBecauseSince it was too dark to go on，we camped there因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。 2.in view of the fact that可用assinceseeing that来表示，但不能用because： AsSinceSeeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand既然你在这儿，就帮我个忙吧。 AsSinceSeeing that Tom knows French，hed better do the talking既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。 二结果从句 结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that, sothat, such that, suchthat, that等。当从句前面有逗号时，so that中that可省略，如：It was dark, so (that) we could see nothing in front of us. “So + 形容词 / 副词 + that”是引导结果状语从句的常用结构，如：He talked so loud that he annoyed the speaker. He was so brilliant that he made a lot of inventions. “such (a) + 形容词 + 名词 + that”与“sothat”的意义相同，如：It was such a hot day that people could not go out. He painted such beautiful pictures that the visitors were lost in admiration. suchsothat引导的结果从句 Asuch是形容词，用于形容词+名词结构之前：They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house他们有一条如此凶猛的狗，以致没人敢靠近他们家。He spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep他说了这么长时间，以致在座的人都犯困了。Bso是副词，用于副词和不带名词的形容词之前：The snow fell so fast that our footsteps were soon covered up雪下得这么快，以致我们的脚印很快就被雪盖住了。His speech went on for so long that people began to fall asleep他的讲话这么长，以致在座的人都开始犯困了。Their dog was so fierce that no one dared come near it他们的狗太凶猛了，所以没人敢靠近它。such不能用于much和many之前，so可用于后跟名词的much和many之前：There was so much dust that we couldnt see what was happening灰尘太大了，使得我们看不清发生了什么事。So many people complained that they took the programme off抱怨的人太多，所以他们取消了那个节目。C 注意：sucha形容词名词可由so形容词a名词来代替，所以such a good man可由so good a man来代替。这只能在名词前面有aan的情况下使用。 热点之一：含有否定意义的副词放在句首引起的部分倒装 此类副词有：not，never，seldom，hardly，rarely，little等。例如： Not a single word did he say at the meeting（在会上，他什么也没说。） 热点之二：含有否定意义的连接词置于句首引起的部分倒装 此类连接词有：not onlybut also，neithernor，no soonerthan，scarcelywhen，hardlywhen等。请看例句： No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang（她一出门电话就响了。） 热点之三：搞清so（nor ，neither）助动词主语与so（nor ，neither）主语助动词之间的区别 前者表示重复前句部分的内容，译为“也是如此”。而后者表示对前句内容的进一步肯定或证实，译为“确实如此”。例如： Lily cant answer the questionNeither can I莉莉不能回答这问题。我也不能。Tom was late for school yesterdaySo he was. 汤姆昨天上学迟到。他确实如此。 热点之四：省略if的虚拟条件句以had were should开头引起的部分倒装 这是虚拟语气中比较特殊的一种，其实质就是省略if后引起的变化。如： Had he worked harder，he would have got through the exams（要是他努力学习的话，他是会通过考试的。） 热点之五：not until置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装 not until意为“直到才”，位于句首时引起后面的主句倒装。如： Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework老师来了他才完成作业。 热点之六：only短语置于句首引起的部分倒装 only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，常引起后面句子部分倒装。如： Only in this way can you learn English well只有通过这种方式，你才能把英语学好。 让步从句它们由下列词来引导：although，though，even though，even if，no matter，however有时也可以使用whatever。as也可以，但是只限于形容词asbe结构。 AlthoughThoughEven thoughEven if you dont like him you can still be polite尽管即使纵然即使你不喜欢他，你仍可有礼貌一些。No matter what you do，dont touch this switch无论怎样，都别碰这个按钮。However rich people are，they always seem anxious to make more money无论人们多么富有，他们似乎总还渴望赚到更多的钱。However carefully you drive，you will probably have an accident eventually无论你开车多小心，最后你大概还会出车祸。Whatever you do，dont tell him that I told you this无论如何，别跟他说这件事是我告诉你的。Patient as he was，he had no intention of waiting for three hours哪怕他再有耐心，也不打算等上三个小时。 比较从句He didnt play as well as we expectedas well as you（did）他打得不如我们预料的好你打得好。He sings more loudly than anyone Ive ever heardthan anyone else （does）他唱得比我听到的任何人唱得都响比任何人都声音响。You work harder than he doesthan himthan I did at your age你比他干得卖劲我在你这个年龄时干得卖劲。 时间从句A 时间从句由下列表示时间的连词来引导：afterimmediatelytilluntilno soonerthan whenas soon assince wheneverbeforethe soonerwhilehardlywhenthe minutethe moment B 时间从句中不用将来时态。1 如将下列将来时态放入时间从句中，须将它变为一般时态。Youll be back soonIll stay till then= Ill stay till you get back你会很快回来，我一直等到那时。 C since从句since从句后面常跟完成时态Theyve moved house twice since they got marriedSince they got married，theyve moved house twice他们结婚后已搬了两次家。He said hed lived in a tent since his house burnt down他说自从他的房屋被烧毁后，他就一直住在帐篷里。Its ages since I sailedhave sailed a boat我未驾驶帆船已有好多年了。I havent sailed a boat since I left college自从我大学毕业后就没再驾驶帆船了。 D after从句after从句之后常跟完成时态：AfterWhen he had rung off I remembered 等他把电话挂断后，我才想起 AfterWhen youve finished with it，hang it up你用完了之后，请把它挂起来。 E hardlyscarcely when，no sooner than The performance had hardly begun when the lights went out= Hardly had the performance begun when the lights went out演出刚开始就停电了。这里可以用scarcely代替hardly，但不常见。He had no sooner drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy= No sooner had he drunk the coffee