八上考点名师精.doc

树立新目标 注入新力量 朝着新方向 创造新辉煌初二英语(上)名师精讲朱立刚2013-07-24汇聚专业队伍 应用先进理念 采用灵活方式 追求卓越效果Unit 1 How often do you exercise?1. 粗黑体词：exercise hardly ever once twice time Internet program result active for about milk coffee chocolate drink health habit try grade better same as different difference maybe although for keep must less2. how often “多久一次”，对频率提问频率的表示：(1)频度副词：always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly ever,seldom,never (2)频率短语：once a week, twice a day, three times a month, every day3. exercise n.不可数“锻炼” 可数“体操/练习题”(do morning/eye exercises) v.运动锻炼4. hardly “几乎不”，是个表示否定的词。5. ever “曾经” have ever done曾做过 hardly ever 几乎不曾 for ever永远6. once“一次，一旦” at once马上7. twice“两次，两倍” 8. time“时间”不可数，“次数”可数9. Internet 永远大写首字母，且前有the surf the Internet网上冲浪10. program“节目”可数，=show11. result“结果”可数 常用作短语:as a result，且用逗号与句隔开12. active形容词“积极活跃的”， 名词activity “活动”可数13. for介词“对于” It is adj. +for sb. +to do sth.“做某事，对于某人来说，是的” as for “至于” 拓展：凡是介词后通常跟“宾格”或“现在分词doing”14. about介词“关于” 副词“大约” about twice a week at about 8:0015. milk “牛奶”不可数 coffee“咖啡”不可数 chocolate“巧克力”不可数16. drink “喝” drink drank drunk Drink Drank Drunk 千杯不醉17. health 名词“健康” healthy形容词“健康的” keep in good health=stay healthy18. habit“习惯” 可数19. try“试图，努力” ， try to do sth.“试图做某事”20. look after sb. well=take good care of sb. “好好照顾某人”21. grade“分数”可数 get good grades “年级”可数 Im in Class 8, Grade 8.22. better “更好的” good/ well 的比较级 be good at“擅长”be better at “更擅长”23. same“相同的” (1)前永远有the,接单数(2)常用短语 the same as “和一样”24. different形容词“不同的”，接复数 be different from“与不同”difference名词“区别”可数 make a difference to使对造成不同25. maybe副词“或许，大概” 常放于句首，常考同义句转换:Maybe he is a Chinese.=He may be a Chinese.26. although, though, even though, even if 四个“虽然，即使，尽管”，不与but 连用27. for 介词“达，计”，后常接时间，距离，金钱等 for 5 years28. a lot of =lots of “许多大量”，接复数或不可数名词29. keep “保持” keep adj. keep doing sth. keep sth. adj. keep sb. doing sth.30. must“必须”情态动词+动词原形 Must I ? -Yes, you must./No, you neednt. “一定”表推测 “一定不，不可能”cant mustnt “不准”31. “少”few(否定)/a few（肯）+可数复数 比较级：fewer最高级：fewestlittle(否定)/a little(肯)+不可数名词 比较级：less 最高级：least课文点：复习一般现在时：对日常活动提问What do you do on weekends? I usually go shopping.What does she do on weekends? She always goes to the movies.1. three or four times a week 每周三四次2. all the students=all of the students most students=most of the studentssome students=some of the students no students=none of the students3. want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事4. be good for 对有益 be bad for 对有害5. How many hours/times.? How many +复数6. pretty “相当”副词， 俗称“very”7. eating habit“饮食习惯”8. help sb. do/to do sth.帮某人做某事 help sb. with sth.帮某人某事9. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 不可数and 不可数，作主语被视为复数10. Why not do?=Why dont you do?“你何不做某事呢？”(表示提建议)11. kind of +adj. “有点”12. keep in good health=keep healthy=stay healthy=be healthy 保持健康Unit 2 Whats the matter?1. 粗黑体词：have cold back arm ear eye foot hand headleg mouth neck nose tooth fever rest should headache ago so illness thirsty early problem way traditional believe weak angry medicine western everybody get few stay important moment until hear2. matter“事情，问题，差错”可数 Whats the matter?=Whats wrong?Whats the matter with ?=Whats the problem with?=Whats the trouble with?3. have“有，吃，饮，上（课），得（病）”4. cold 形容词“冷的” 名词“感冒”可数 have a cold“得感冒”5. an arm an ear an eye foot feet tooth-teeth6. rest 动词“休息” 名词“休息” have a rest7. should 情态动词 (1)后接动词原形 (2)变否定句直接+not (3)变一般疑问句，提前8. ago“以前”，是一般过去时的标志9. so“如此这样”(1)简略回答I think so. (2)so+adj./adv.+that+从句 “如此以致于10. illness名词“疾病”可数 an illness ill和sick都是形容词，病人不能说ill person11. advice名词“建议”不可数 suggestion名词“建议”可数12. thirsty“渴的” hungry“饿的”13. be stressed out“紧张的”=be nervous14. early“早的(地)”，形容词或副词 反义词：late15. problem名词“问题，难以处理的事” question名词“问题，用于回答的问题”16. way名词(1)“路”the way to“去的路”on my way home“在我回家的路上(2)“方法，方式” the way to do sth.“做某事的方法”17. tradition名词“传统” traditional 形容词“传统的”18. believe“相信，认为”，(1)该词易写错 (2)该词与think一样，都要否定前移19. weak形容词“虚弱无力的” 反义词：strong“强壮的”be good at “擅长”反义短语：be weak in“不擅长”20. angry形容词“生气的” be angry with=be mad at“生某人的气”21. medicine名词“药”不可数 (1)take the medicine“吃药”(2)medical adj.“药学的”22. east south west north东西南北，都+ern变形容词eastern southern western northern23. everybody复合不定代词“每人，人人”，作主语被视为单数24. get“变得”，后接形容词作表语，become,be,turn,go“变得”都如此25. “少” few+复数名词 little+不可数名词 表示否定，即“没有” a few+复数名词 a little+不可数名词 表示肯定，即“少，但有一些” 特例：a little boy “一个小男孩”26. stay“保持”，后接形容词作表语，keep也如此 stay healthy=keep healthy27. important形容词“重要的” It is important (for sb.) to do sth.“做某事对某人来说是重要的”28. moment名词“片刻” at the moment此时,=now29. until=till连词“直到”，notuntil才直到 (主将从现)30. hear“听说；听见”(1)hear sb. do/doing sth. “听见某人做/正在做某事”(2)heard (3)hear about /hear of“听说” hear from“收到的来信”课文点：1. lie “躺”，过去式lay lie down“躺下”2. hot tea with honey“加蜂蜜的热茶” with“带有的”a house with an interesting garden带有趣花园的房子 a girl with funny glasses3. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor看医生4. not anything=nothing He shouldnt eat anything.=He should eat nothing.5. feel“感觉”，后接形容词作表语 feel well“感觉健康良好”well“好”指身体好，动作好 good“好”指其它好，（品质好）6. hope“希望”hope to do sth.“希望做某事” hope +从句“希望”wish“希望”wish to do sth.“希望做某事” wish+从句“希望”wish sb. to do sth.7. go to bed 上床睡觉 listen to music 听音乐 此类短语中无the8. blance名词“平衡”可数， blanced形容词“平衡的”9. need “需要” ，need to do sth.需要做某事 10. too much“太多”+不可数名词 too many“太多”+复数名词much too“太”+adj./adv.11. 动名词短语作主语，被视为单数：Eating herbs is good for your health.12. to do 不定式表示“目的” You should exercise to keep healthy.13. improve“提高，改善”My Putonghua isnt improving.14. practice名词“练习”不可数 动词“练习”practice doing sth.“练习做某事”15. Im sorry to hear that.“听到那件事情，我很伤心。” 用于表示同情Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?1. 粗黑体词：plan away send postcard bike famous Europe something lake leave countryside nature forget finish tourist2. babysit “临时照顾” (1) 双写t，再加ing (2)过去式babysat3. plan 动或名词“计划”(1)双写n再加ing或ed (2)plan to do sth.“计划做某事”4. go camping go hiking go fishing go sightseeing “go +doing”5. how long (1)“多久”，对时间段提问，回答常用“for”(2)对长度提问6. away“离开”，be away是leave, go away的延续式7. get back“回来”，get back to.“回到” get back from“从回来”8. send“发送，寄”(1)过去式sent (2)sendto把送到(3)send sb. sth.=9. postcard“名信片”，名词，可数10. bike“自行车”，名词，名数，别称：bicycle11. ride“骑，乘”，(1)过去式：rode (2)ride +a/an/the/sbs+交通工具“乘”(3)ride to=go to by bike (4)名词，The bus ride is boring.12. sightseeing“观光游览”，名词， sight“风景” see“看见”13. famous“著名的”,(1)be famous for因而著名(2)be famous as作为而著名14. take a vacation去度假 =go for vacation=go on vacation15. Europe“欧洲”，(1)European“欧洲的/人”,可数 (2) a European country16. something“某事/物”(1)被视为单数（2）“敢死队”永远冲锋在前，即定语后置17. lake“湖”，名词，可数18. leave“离开，出发”(1)过去式left (2)leave for “前往，去”(3)延续式be away19. nature“自然”，前常加the ，natural“自然的”20. forget“忘记”(1)过去式forgot (2)forget to do忘记去做 / forget doing忘记做过21. a lot“很，非常”=much (1)Thank you very much.=Thank you a lot.(2)a lot of/lots of 22. finish“完成”, finish doing “做完”23. tourist“游客”，名词，可数 tour “旅游”课文点：1. 进行时be doing(1)表现在，译为“正在做”(2)表示将来，译为“即将做”2. That sounds good/nice.表示对所提建议同意3. Who are you going with?“你将和谁去？”，注意不要丢句尾的with4. They are relaxing at home.“他们将在家放松”，注意本句中relaxing是现在分词5. on+具体某一天 on Monday on the 12th of June6. in the mountains“在山里”7. Have a good time! “祝你玩得高兴”，用于祝愿对方旅游度假等愉快8. show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.“给某人看某物”9. be like “是什么样子” 10. Hows the weather?=Whats the weather like?“天气怎样？”11. think about doing “考虑做”12. decide to do “决定做” decide on sth.“定于”13. There are many people who speak French. 定语从句，译为“的”14. cant wait“等不及，迫不急待”，接to do 15. this afternoon今天下午 this weekend本周末 this summer今年夏天 常表示将来16. a good place to go sightseeing“一个观光旅游的好地方”Unit 4 How do you get to school?1. 粗黑体词：train forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety hundred minute take by far kilometer shower quick bicycle early mile stop north part river boat must more than car town ill worry so much2. train名词，可数“火车” 名词，不可数“训练” 动词“训练”+sb. to do3. 数字32-999，十位与个位间加“-”，百位与十位间加and4. hundred数词，“百”(1)数+hundred+复数名词 (2)hundreds of+复数名词5. minute名词，可数“分钟” 5 minutes walk6. take“花费”+to do spend+on/doing pay+for 物+cost “看搭档，选花费”7. by 介词，“由，乘，被” by+交通工具 =on +a/an/the/sb.s+交通工具8. far 形容词，“远的”(1)farther/farthest 更远 further/furthest进一步，继续 (2)3 kilometers away不可用far (3)how far对距离提问9. kilometer名词，可数“千米”，缩写km10. shower动词或名词，可数 “淋浴” take a shower11. quick形容词“快的”，近义词fast quickly近义词fast12. early形容词或副词 “早的（地）” 反义词late the early bus早班车13. mile名词，可数“英里”=1.609千米14. stop名词，可数“车站”(中途) station“总站” stop to do 与stop doing 区别15. transportation名词，常用单数，“交通运输”16. north形容词，“北方的” North America北美洲17. part名词，可数“地区；区域；部分，零件”18. depend on“取决于，依靠”19. river名词，可数“河江” boat名词，可数“小船” by boat“乘船”20. must“必须”情态动词+动词原形 Must I ? -Yes, you must./No, you neednt. “一定”表推测 “一定不，不可能”cant mustnt “不准”21. more形容词或副词“更多的，更” ，用于构成比较级（即+原级）22. than连词“比” than前一定是比较级23. means名词=way“方法”24. car 名词，可数“小汽车” by car=in a car“乘小汽车”25. town名词，可数“镇” city名词，可数“城市”26. ill形容词“生病的” “病人”sick people，不能说ill people27. worry“担心” worry about=be worried about担忧28. so副词“这么，那么”(1) “如此以至于”so+adj./adv+that such+n.+that (2)世界上只存在so many/much/few/little+n.，不用such29. much副词(1)“十分，非常”=a lot Thanks very much.=Thanks a lot. (2) “得多”，后接比较级，He is much taller than me.课文点：1. “到达”(1)get to (2)arrive in/at (3)reach 前两者在接地点副词时省略介词2. 对做事的方式提问，用how3. He takes the train to school.=He goes to school by train./on the train.He walks to school every day.=He goes to school on foot every day.4. It takes sb. st. to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”5. Tom wants to know_.线上的句子叫宾语从句：引导词后用陈述语序6. What think of ?=How like?你认为怎么样？7. around the world=over the world“全世界”8. In places where there are rivers and lakes.“在有河和湖的地方”线上句子叫定语从句9. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus.(1)fun不可数“乐趣”(2)a lot+比较级10. need to do “需要做某事”Unit 5 Can you come to my party?1. 粗黑体词：lesson another concert whom tomorrow weekday training chemistry American match whole over free2. lesson名词，可数“课，课程” have/take a math lesson“上数学课”3. another“又一，再一”，表示总量增加，other“其它的”the other“其余的”(1)两者,onethe other“一个另一个”(2)很多,someothers.有的其它的4. concert名词，可数“音乐会” go to the concert“去听音乐会”5. whom（who的宾格）“谁”,对宾语人提问 ，通常被who代替6. 另一种五天the day before yesterday,yesterday,today,tomorrow,the day after tomorrow7. weekday名词，可数“工作日” weekend“周末”8. invitation名词，可数“邀请” invite动词“邀请” invite sb. to do sth.9. training(1)名词，不可数“训练”(2)train名词，可数“火车”(3)train动词“训练”+sb. to do10. chemistry名词，不可数“化学”，学科词均被视为单数Chinese math English physics chemistry history politics music PE art computer science11. American (1)形容词“美国的，美洲的” (2)名词，可数“美国人”12. project名词，可数“课题，项目”13. match(1)名词，可数“比赛，竞赛”(2)动词“搭配” (3)名词，可数“火柴”14. whole 形容词“整个的，全部的” the whole+名=all the+名15. over副词“从一边到另一边，越过” come over to顺便来访16. free形容词(1)空闲的 (2)免费的 (3)自由的 freedom名词“自由”17. till“直到”=until， notuntil“直到才”课文点：1. study for a test“为考试而学习”2. 学会拒绝Sure, Id love to. But Im sorry, I cant.3. on+周几(上下午晚上) too much+不可数名词“太多”4. Thanks for asking.“感谢邀请” ask sb. to do sth. ask sb. not to do sth.5. Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday中考必考词汇6. What day is it today? 今天周几？ Whats the date today?今天几号7. Thank you for your invitation.=Thank you for inviting me.感谢您邀请我。8. be busy with sth.忙于某事 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事9. keep quiet保持安静 (keep+adj.)10. try to do sth.努力做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事11. discuss=talk about “谈论”Unit 6 Im more outgoing than my sister.1. 粗黑体词：serious note mean as way both physics however laugh for interest though necessary care friendship information2. outgoing形容词“外向的”(1)反义词shy “内向的” (2)an outgoing boy3. twin形容词或名词（可） (1)twin brothers (2)twins4. calm形容词“镇静的”，反义词wild“鲁莽的，野蛮的”5. serious形容词“严肃的，庄重的，严重的” (1)nothing serious没什么严重的(2)三个副词badly seriously terribly“严重地” (3)be serious about对是认真的6. athletic形容词“强健的”，比较级more 7. note名词，可数“注释，说明，笔记，便条” take notes做笔记8. mean动词“意思是” meaning名词，可数“意思”9. as副词“如同那样” as+形副词原级+as 和 一样10. way名词，可数“方面，道路，方式，方法”11. both=2两者都(1)接复数 (2)作主语被视为复数 all3三者或三者以上都 (1)接名词复数或不可数 (2)作主语，由名词决定单复数12. hers名词性物主代词“她的” mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs后不接名词13. physics “物理”，学科词汇被视为单数Chinese math English physics chemistry history politics music PE art computer science14. however“然而”，需要用逗号与句子隔开15. more than=over“超过”16. in common“公有的，共有的”17. be good at =do well in“擅长” be weak in“不擅长”18. schoolwork名词，不可数“学业，功课” homework, housework, work均不可数19. laugh动词 (1)laugh at嘲笑 (2)smile微笑20. for介词(1)Thanks for为(2)buy sth. for sb.给(3)It is adj. for sb. to do sth.对于21. opposite形容词“对立的，相反的，反义词”22. view名词，可数“观点，看法”=idea/opinion23. interest名词，可数“兴趣” take an interest in = be interested in“对感兴趣”24. though连词“虽然，即使，纵然”=although/even though/even if 均不与but连用25. necessary adj.“必要的”It is necessary for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是必要的26. beat 动词“打败”+某人 win动词“赢得”+比赛/奖品27. care动词“在意，计较”(1)care about关心在乎 (2)名词“在意” take care of 28. friendship名词，可数 in a friendship 在一份友谊中29. primary school小学 junior high school初中 senior high school高中30. information名词，不可数“信息” news名词，不可数“新闻消息”message名词，可数“短信，口信” 课文点：1. 形容词/副词变比较级和最高级规则：(1)单音节词 +er/est e+r/st 辅+yi+er/est双写+er/est(2)双音节词 大部分随单音节词，部分随多音节词(3)多音节词:前加more/most (所有的-ing/-ed形容词按多音节词处理)2. tallshort thinfat longshort calmwild3. taller thinner longer calmer wilder shorter heavier funnier quieter curliersmarter more serious more outgoing more athletic more popular4. 比较级前加a lot , a little , much , 表示“更得多”5. a photo of me“我的一张照片(照片上是我)”6. twin sister“双胞胎妹妹” 7. as you can see“正如你所见”8. in some ways“在某些方面”9. look the same“看起来相同” look different“看起来不同”10. My hair is shorter than hers. 同类相比，所以后者用名词性物主代词。11. enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”12. in common“共有的，公共的”13. make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”14. We asked some people what they think and this is what they said. 宾从 表从15. I like to have friends who are like me. 定从16. He always beats me in tennis. beat sb. in sth.在某事上打败某人17. I dont think differences are important in a friendship. 否定前移 区别(复数) in a 友谊 18. be good with sb.“和某人相处得好”“对某人友好”19. for more information“详询”20. 形副词等级比较总结：(1)同级比较：as+原级+as“和一样” 注意：(1)马甲(2)之间形副随前不随后 not so/as+原级+as“不如” 转比较级比较(2)比较级比较：比较级+than 注意：(1)than前一定是比较级(2)a lot/a little/much The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou. The students are more friendly than those in your class. Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. 转最高级比较(3)最高级比较：the最高级in/of+范围 注意：(1)形the副不the(2)