高考英语二轮 单项选择+宾语从句专练（3）.doc

2013高考英语：二轮单项选择+宾语从句专练03（答案、解析）21. -would you please lend me the dictionary?- _.a. you are welcome b. not at all c. thank you d. here you are22. five apples are not enough for them, they need _.a. three another b. three other c. three more d. three more than23. -where _ the dictionary? i cant see it anywhere.-i _ it right here. but now its missing.a. did you put; have put b. have you put; put c. had you put; was putting d. were you putting; have put24. -where is mary? -at _.a. mr. browns b. the browns c. mr. browns d. the mr. browns25. what the boy _ make his friends happy.a. does did b. did did c. do do d. do does26. is this school _ you studied at ten years ago?a. which b. that c. where d. the one27. -its too late now. i think its time for me to leave. - _.a. good idea b. good night c. good evening d. really28. -the cake smells delicious. - _.a. so does it b. so it does c. so is the cake d. so it is29. i _ my father _ and he did so.a. advised; to stop smoking b. tried to persuade; to give off smokingc. persuaded; to give up smoking d. suggested; to stop to smoke.30. grandpa is old, but he is still very _.a. living b. alive c. strong d. younger31. can you _ me ten dollars? ill pay it _ to you tomorrow.a. borrow; off b. lend; off c. borrow; back d. lend; back32. -have a nice holiday! - _. a. the same as you b. you do, too c. the same to you d. the same with you33. “is there anyone in your class _ the name of mary? ”_. a. whose; no b. her; none c. by; no one d. called; nobody34. the girl _ a beautiful skirt has told me the news. which is not right?a. wearing b. dressed in c. in d. having on35. they told us that these small apples are often sweeter than big _.a. those b. one c. that d. ones参考答案21. d表示“给你”。22. c three more表示“再多三个”。23. b24. a mr. browns = the browns “在布朗先生家”。25. b第一个did做主语从句的谓语, 第二个did是主句谓语的强调形式。26. d此处的 the one = the school, 在定语从句中充当 at的宾语, 故定语从句中的关系代词that/which省略了。27. b good-night意思是“晚安”。28. b so it does = indeed it smells delicious.29. c30. b alive此处意思是“有活力”。31. d pay sb. money back = pay money back to sb. 表示“还某人的钱”或“偿付（借款）”。pay sb. off表示“付清工资解雇某人”和“偿清（欠款）”。32. c 双方同时度假, 互相祝愿时用语。33. c by the name of =whose name is= who is called。当被问及“有没有人”或“谁”时, 你要回答“no one”或“nobody”。34. d此题四项都表示“穿着”这一含义, 但“have on”没有进行时, 因而也没有现在分词形式做后置定语。35. d此题中big ones = big apples, 泛指。the big ones = the big apples, 特指。*结束*结束宾语从句宾语从句的功能相当于名词词组，在句子中充当宾语。该从句在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。1. 考查宾语从句的语序问题。语序应用陈述语序，且引导词一定要在从句的最前面。【考例】when changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know_.（10上海）a. he is entering which lane b. which lane he is enteringc. is he entering which lane d. which lane is he entering【解析】which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序，引导词位于从句句首。答案为b。2. 考查宾语从句的连接词问题。（1）引导宾语从句的有从属连词that, whether 和if；连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever等；连接副词when, where, how, why等。选用何种连接词主要根据所选词在从句中所作成分；从句意判断句中缺少的意项。【考例】she is very dear to us. we have been prepared to do _it takes to save her life.（09湖南）a. whichever b. however c. whatever d. whoever【解析】whichever“无论哪一个”； however“无论如何”； whoever“无论谁”； whatever“无论什么”。由分析可知，该引导词引导的是宾语从句，且从句中take缺少宾语，由句意“她对我们来说是非常宝贵，我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。”可知，应用whatever。答案为c。【考例】weve offered her the job, but i dont know_ shell accept it.( 2011山东卷 33)a. where b. what c. whether d. which【解析】根据句意“我们提供给她了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受”。whether “是否”， where “哪里”what “什么”，which “哪个”。 答案为c。【考例】the message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand.( 2011上海卷 38)a. whyb. thatc. whichd. what【解析】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。句意为：你试图通过言语表达的意思或许恰恰跟别人理解的相反。答案为d。【考例】the shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face.（2011北京卷 31）a. whatb. howc. thatd. why【解析】由句中的is可知其前面是由what引导的主语从句，且what在从句中作offer的宾语，故答案为a项。答案为a。（2）宾语从句中注意下列几组相似意思的区别。考查引导词whether与if的区别。两者都表示“是否”，都可引导宾语从句；但如果宾语从句是否定句一般用if；下列情况用whether作介词宾语；后紧跟or not; 作discuss等词的宾语。【考例】at first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better.（09北京）a. when b. how c. why d. if【解析】句意为“最初他不喜欢这件新工作，但是他决定给自己几个月的时间来看一下这件工作是否会变得更好。”所以用if表“是否”，引导宾语从句。答案为d。【考例】we havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad. (06江苏)a. if b. where c. whether d. that【解析】句意为“我们还没有解决他是否有必要出国留学这个问题。”此处是宾语从句，表“是否”，含有不确定，且作介词的宾语，故用whether。答案为c。【考例】weve offered her the job, but i dont know_ shell accept it.（2011山东卷 33）a. where b. what c. whether d. which【解析】根据句意“我们提供给她了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受”。whether “是否“， where “哪里“what “什么”，which “哪个“。答案为c。（3）考查引导词wh-与wh-ever的区别。“wh-ever”引导宾语从句时，其含有“无论”之意，其引导宾语从句无疑问意义，相当于名词或代词加一个定语从句，而wh-多有疑问之意。【考例】could i speak to_ is in charge of international sales please? （09海南）a. who b. what c. whoever d. whatever【解析】whoever引导的宾语从句作了 to 的宾语，同时whoever作is in charge of international sales please的主语。whoever意为“任何人或无论谁”，相当于any person who或the person who。答案为c。（4）考查引导词no matter+疑问词与疑问词+ever的区别。“no matter+疑问词”只能引导状语从句；而“疑问词+ever”既可引导状语从句，也可引导宾语从句。【考例】the book can be of help to _ wants to do the job.（09陕西）a. who b. whomever c. no matter who d. whoever【解析】此处从句作介词to的宾语。引导词做从句的主语，指人，意思是：无论是谁,no matter+疑问词不能引导宾语从句。答案为d。（5）考查what与how引导的感叹句充当宾语的区别。此时意为“多么”，what修饰“形容词+名词或a(an)+形容词+名词”，而how修饰“形容词或副词、many，little（少），much, few等+名词或形容词+a(an)+名词（单数）”【考例】i was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _silly mistakes i had made.（05湖南）a. what b. that c. how d. which.【解析】句意为“我对她的话很吃惊，它迫使我承认我犯了多么愚蠢的错误。”宾语从句表感叹，中心词为名词，所以用what。答案为a。【考例】parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future. (04广东)a. that b. how c. such d. so【解析】句意为“使父母亲明白教育对他们子女的未来来说是多么地重要。”宾语从句表感叹，中心词为形容词，所以用how。答案为b。（6）考查引导词what与that的区别。what作连接代词并表示“所的”之意，相当于the+名词+that”或“all that”,可指代不确定的事物等，在句中作主语、宾语或表语等。that在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何成分，翻译中，不译。【考例】it is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.（2011重庆卷 34）a. whose b. what c. which d. that【解析】考查宾语从句。what引导宾语从句，同时在从句中作use的定语。还原句子为“a new invention can be of what use”。 答案为b。3. 考查宾语从句的时态问题。当主句中的谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句的谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响，可根据句子的实际情况使用不同的时态。当主句中的谓语动词是过去时，从句的时态也是表示过去的时态。既一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时。当从句表示客观事实或真理时，其时态不受主句谓语时态的影响，而用一般现在时。【考例】when alice came to, she did not know how long she _there.（2011全国卷,29）a. had been lying b. has been lying c. was lying d. has lain【解析】句意为“当alice苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选a。答案为a。【考例】bob has gone to california.（2011北京卷,32） oh, can you tell me when he _?a. has left b. left c. is leaving d. would leave【解析】句意为“bob已经去了加利福尼亚。噢，你能告诉我他什么时候离开的？”bob has gone to california，去的动作已经发生过，说明他离开的动作发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时。答案为b。【考例】a lot of people often forget that oral exams _to test our communicative ability.（2011上海春招,32） a. designb. are designed c. are designingd. are being designed【解析】句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等时间状语连用。oral exams与design的关系存在着被动，故选b。答案为b。【考例】i hear you _in a pub. whats it like? （2011江苏卷,21） well, its very hard work and im always tired, but i dont mind.a. are workingb. will work c. were working d. will be working【解析】句意为“我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？咳，这是份辛苦活，老感到累，不过我不介意。”对话所用的现在时表明现在还在酒吧里上班，用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。故选a。答案为a。【考例】we arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody _into the office during the night.（2011江西卷，30）a. broke b. had broken c. has broken d. was breaking【解析】句意为“我们在早晨到达工作地点时，发现有人在前一天晚上闯进了我们的办公室。”两个时间点，“有人闯进了办公室”发生在“我们到达”之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时。答案为b。4. 考查宾语从句的虚拟语气问题。（1）在表示坚持要求（insist），命令（order, demand），建议(suggest, advise, propose),要求（ask, requre, demand, request）等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do” (2) 用it作形式宾语，宾补是necessary,important,strange,desirable,advisable,requested,vital,urgent,possible等时。，后置的宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”。（3） wish 引导的宾语从句表虚拟语气时，如果从句表示动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状态，则用过去时（be动词只用were形式）；指将来，用过去将来时。(4)would rather引导的宾语从句表虚拟语气时, 如果从句表示动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指将来或现在动作，则用过去时（be动词只用were形式）【考例】where are the children? the dinners going to be completely ruined.i wish they _always late.（2011北京卷, 28）a. werent b. hadnt been c. wouldnt be d. wouldnt have been【解析】句意为“孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。答案为a。【考例】george is going to talk about the geography of his country, but id rather he_ more on its culture. （10江苏）a. focus b. focused c. would focus d. had focused【解析】答案：a。would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式。【考例】dont you think it necessary that he _ to miami but to new york?i agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. （05江苏，33）a. will not be sent; that b. not be sent; that c. should not be sent; what d. should not send; what【解析】答案：b。it作形式宾语，that引导的从句作真正的宾语，necessary作宾语补足语时，从句的谓语动词要用“（should）+动词原形”，又因此从句主语与动词send是被动关系，故用(should) not be sent；第二空的引导词引导的是表语从句，从句有用省略结构，其完整结构是“he has refused to be sent to new york”,由完整结构可知，该从句不缺成分，故用that。5. 考查名词性从句it作形式宾语问题。宾语从句+宾语补足语的结构为了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式宾语,把真正的宾语从句置于句末，常见的it作形式宾语的谓语动词有believe, find, make, guess, suppose等。某些及物动词或短语不能直接加宾语从句，此时用it作形式宾语，然后再接宾语从句，此种用法常见于like, dislike, hate, appreciate等。【考例】he didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. （07天津）a. this b. that c. it d. these【解析析】答案为c。 此题考查的是谓语动词后加宾语的复合结构，clear是宾补，when and where the meeting would be held.是真正的宾语，并置于宾补之后，故用it作形式宾语。【考例】id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (06山东)a. that b. it c. this d. you【解析】答案为b。if you would like to teach me how to use the computer是宾语从句，作appreciate的宾语，该种情况常用it作形式宾语。6. 考查宾语从句的否定转移和该情况下的反意疑问句问题。主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, imagine, consider, expect, guess ,be sure等，且主句的主语是第一人称并为一般现在时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来，其反意疑问句一般与宾语从句的主语保持一致。【考例】i dont suppose anyone will volunteer, _? (01上海)a. do i b. dont i c. will they d. wont they【解析】由主句谓语动词是suppose，主句主语是第一人称并为一般现在时可知，反意疑问句应对宾语从句反问，再者dont实际上是对宾语从句的否定，故反问应用肯定，即will they。答案为c。【考例】i m sure you d rather she went to school by bus, _? (06福建)a. hadnt you b. wouldnt you c. arent i d. didnt she【解析】反意疑问句应对i m sure后的宾语从句的反问，又you d等于you would，故用wouldnt you。答案为b。【考例】i told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, _ ?（2011重庆卷28）a. could he b. didnt i c. didnt you d. could they【解析】反义疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为肯定，故附加部分为否定，本句含有一个宾语从句且主句为“i told them，所以选择b。句意：我告诉他们并非每个人都可以跑得和你一样快，不是吗？答案为b。7. 考查that引导宾语从句时的是否省略问题。一般来讲，宾语从句中的that可以省略，但下列情况一般不省略：当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省；由it作形式宾语；当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时；当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或从句时；当主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时；当某些介词后接that引导的宾语从句时，常见的有in that(由于)，except that(除了)等。【考例】having checked the doors were closed , and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.（07湖南）a. why b. that c. wh