高一英语必修三第三单元学案.doc

Book 3 Module 3 The violence of Nature The First Period: WordsWords Forms1. disaster n. 灾难 disaster area 灾区 disastrous adj. 灾难性的, 悲惨的 disastrously 灾难性地，悲惨地2. violent adj. 猛烈的，激烈的violently adv. 猛烈地，激烈地 violence n. 暴力3. experience n. 经历，经验 experience vt. 经受，体验experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的 (skilled)（be experienced in在.方面有经验）4. current n. 海流,潮流 current adj.现在的,现行的 (current affairs时事) currently adv.当时，时下5. occur vt. 发生 occurrence n. 发生的事，事件6. rotating adj. 旋转的，循环的 rotate vt. 旋转，转动 rotation n. 旋转，转动7. strike vt. 袭击 strike n. 罢工（go on strike 举行罢工）striker n.罢工的人8. possibility n. 可能（性）possible adj. 可能的 possibly adv. 可能地9. terrifying adj. 吓人的，可怕的 terrify vt. 使害怕 terrified adj.感到害怕的10. thankfully adv. 感激地 thankful adj. 感激的 thank vt. 感谢 thanks n.谢意 11. hopefully adv. 满怀希望地 hopeful adj. 满怀希望的 hope vt.希望，期待hopeless adj. 没有希望的 12. active adj.活跃的actively adv.活跃地activity n.活动,活力inactive adj.不活跃的 Words Study1. column n. 柱,支柱,圆柱；（报纸印刷上的）栏；专栏，项目现在请大家读这一页的左边一栏。 1) Now please read the left-hand column of this page. 2) The newspaper devotes its columns to the discussion of the problem. 该报把各栏都用来讨论这个问题。2. furniture U（总称）家具 一件家具 an article of furniture/a piece of furniture 怀特夫妇买了些新式家具布置起居室。Mr. and Mrs. White have bought some modern furniture for their living room. 3. strike (struck struck/stricken)vt.1）打，击；2) (疾病、灾害)侵袭；3) 思想、念头的出现；4) 划火柴；5) 给某人留下印象；6)（钟）敲响；7) 撞击、雷击 1) She struck me in the face. 她打了我一巴掌。2) The area was struck by H1N1. 这个地区遭到了猪流感的侵袭。3) An idea suddenly struck me. 我突然想到一个主意(hit me； occurred to )4) These matches are too wet to strike. 火柴太湿，划不着。5) I was struck by her beauty. 她的美貌给我留下了深刻的印象。6) At midday the clock strikes twelve. 正午时，钟敲十二点。7) The tree had been struck by lightning. 那棵树被雷击了vi. 罢工工厂工人为更高的报酬正在罢工。 The workers at the factory are striking for more pay.n. 罢工；打击、攻击、空袭The workers went on strike. 工人罢工了。stricken: 受煎熬的；遭受的，受之困的He was stricken by the death of his good friend.他朋友的死让他很受煎熬。poverty-stricken family_贫困家庭_earthquake-stricken area_遭受地震侵袭的区域4. experienceU经验 1) 他缺乏经验。He is short of experience. 2) 他们从经验中学习。 They learned by experience. C 经历，体验 1) 我在农村有过一些很有意思的经历。 I had some interesting experiences in the countryside.v. 经验；经历；感受 1) We have experienced what hardships mean. 我们体验过艰苦生活。 2) 他经历了许多困难。He experienced many difficulties. 5. event n. （重大的）事情，事件; （运动）项目，比赛1) The founding of the Peoples Republic of China is a great event in the history of mankind. 中华人民共和国的成立是人类历史上的一件大事。 2) He entered for field and track events. 他参加了田径赛。 6. pick up1) 拾起；抱起The children picked up many sea shells at the seashore. 孩子们在海边捡到许多贝壳。 2)（无意中）学会 In that way Ill be able to pick up some theoretical knowledge too. 这样我也能学到一些理论知识。3) 见到；听出，收听到 We picked up the harbour lights as we sailed along. 我们向前航行时看见了港口灯塔。 4) 搭载 ;用车接送Well send the ambulance to pick him up. 我们要派一辆救护车把他接走。 5) 好转，改善The market always picks up in the spring.市场情况总是在春天好转。Trade is picking up again.生意又有了起色。The Second Period: Reading & Cultural CornerLanguage points1. current n. 水流或气流潮流; 趋向，趋势1) There is a strong current in the river. 河里有一股很强的水流。 2) The electric current has been shut off. 电流已被切断。 3) Newspapers influence the current of thought. 报纸影响思潮。 adj. 流通的；通用的; （指时间）时下的1) This note is no longer current. 这种纸币已不流通。2) Our current methods of production are too expensive.我们现今用的生产方法太花钱了。2. occurvi. 发生；存在1) When did the accident occur? 那事故是什么时候发生的？ 2) Many mistakes occur in your composition. 你的作文出现了许多错误。 Phrases:sth occur to sb 某人想起、想到某事物it occurs to sb that某人想起、想到(sth.) occur to (sb.）某事被某人想起，某人想起某事 ;occur 的主语通常为某事，只是为了保持句子的平衡，而将该事用it来表示，后置的that从句是真正的主语。_A good idea occurred to him. 他突然想起一个好主意。It never occurred to him that he could pass the exam. 他从来没有想到他会通过考试。比较：happen，occur，take place happen: 非计划的事情发生；碰巧（happen to do/it happens that）1.All sorts of unexpected things might happen.什么样的意外都有可能发生。2. I happened to meet her on my way home.我在回家的路上碰巧遇见了她。3. It happened that the new person in the office was the woman he had met at Gails party.凑巧的是，办公室新来的人就是他在盖尔办的聚会上遇到的那位女士。occur：表发生时为正式用语，很少用于口语The court will decide what really occurred.法庭会判定到底发生了什么事。take place: 有计划、有安排的事情发生The wedding will take place in St Peters Church.婚礼将在圣彼得教堂举行。单句改错:1). What do you think is happened to her? She looks unhappy. (is改为has)2). It happened to be no food. (It 改为There).3). He happened on that morning that he had to be present at a meeting. (He 改为It)3. affect vt. 影响; 使感动；(指疾病)侵袭；感染1). Hot weather affects his health. 炎热的天气影响他的健康。 2). He wasnt affected by the news. 他听了这消息后无动于衷。 3). His speech affected the audience deeply. 他的讲话深深打动了听众。 4). She was affected by cold. 她着凉了。 4. By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck.by + 过去时间作时间状语，主句用过去完成时；by + 现在时间作时间状语，主句用现在完成时；by + 将来时间作时间状语，主句用将来完成时；用finish的正确形式填空：1) By 1999, they had finished building the stadium in our city.2) By now, they have finished building the stadium in our city.3) By 2015, they will have finished building the stadium in our city.5. On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1500 injuries.on average 平均来看American people on average live much longer than Europeans.美国人的平均寿命要比欧洲人长得多。above average 高于平均水平 below average 低于平均水平. 6. The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlans coffin ended up in the sea. end up 是一个v. +adv. 结构的动词词组，用作不及物动词，意为“结束，总归”。如表示“以结束”，其后则需加介词with。The party ended up with the singing of Get-together.晚会以歌唱我们在一起结束。At the dinner, we started with soup and ended up with fruit.在宴会上，开始一道菜是汤，最后一道是水果。辨 end up with & end up inend up with 译为“以结束”，指以某种方式结束；end up in 也译为“以结束”，但in后跟的是结果。His first experiment ended up in failure.他的第一次实验以失败告终。 Cultural corner1) one of the most active earthquake regions 最活跃的地震区之一2) in central China 在华中3) lose ones life 失去生命;丧生4) the worst natural disaster in the nations history 这个国家历史上最严重的灾难5) do the most damage 造成最严重的破坏6) in the whole of California 在整个加利福尼亚Language in use 1. What _ our journey was!A. exciting experience B. excited experience C. exciting experience D. an exciting experience2. My father is a man_. A. of many experiences B. of experiences C. of much experience D. of few experiences3. Human beings have five senses for _ the world around them.A. experiment B. experience C. experimenting D. experiencing4. Did it _to you that he was jealous? A. happen B. occur C. happened D. take place5. Misprints _ on every page. A. occur B. find C. take place D. break out6. What was it that _ you greatly? A. affect B. effect C. affected D. efforted7. Smoking too much will _ your health greatly. A. affect B. effect C. effort D. comfort8. When she heard the bad news, her heart _ fast. A. beated B. hit C. hitted D. beat9. They left the house when the clock _ twelve. A. struck B. stricken C. strike D. strikes10. The workers were _ strike and the boss was very angry. A. on the B. in the C. on D. in11. A good idea _ me and I decided to go abroad. A. struck B. hit C. beat D. had12. He was angry and_. A. hit his sons head B. hit the head of his son C. hit his son on the head D. hit head of his son13.He _ his friend in the crowd at once.A. picked up B. picked out C. picked in D. picked off14. Marx _ another foreign language when he was in his fifties. A. picked out B. picked up C. picked to D. picked off15. There were already five people in the car, but he managed_. A. picking me up B. picking up me C. to pick me up D. to pick up me16. An accident happened _ him. A. with B. to C. at D. by17. The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area. A. in B. on C. at D. with18. The flag was raised to the top of the pole _ in the air. A. to wave B. waving C. waved D. being waved19. -I hurried to the railway station, only _ all the tickets for tomorrow had been sold out. -Bad luck! Now wed better telephone and _ the information about tomorrows flight.A. found; find out B. to find; find out C. finding; to find out D. find out; findThe Third Period: Grammar &Listening & Function1. 各种句子构成的间接引语1） 陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）。“I like reading adventure stories,”said John. “我喜欢读惊险故事，”约翰说。 John said that he liked reading adventure stories. 约翰说他喜欢多惊险故事。“I dont like computers,”Sarah said to her friends. “我不喜欢电脑，”莎拉对她的朋友说。Sarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.莎拉跟她的朋友说她不喜欢电脑。2） 疑问句直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序（主语在谓语前面），句末用句号，主语的人称、时态和状语也要作相应的变化。a. 一般疑问句：直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether 或if引导。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked. 没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语（me,him或us等）。He said, “Are you interested in English?” 他说：“你对英语感兴趣吗？” He asked (me) if I was interested in English.他问我对英语是否感兴趣。He said, “Did you see him last night?” 他说：“你昨晚看见他了吗？” He asked (me) whether I had seen him the night before. 他问我前天晚上是否见过他。b. 特殊疑问句：直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导。“What can I do for you?” He asked me. “我能为你做什么？”他说。 He asked (me) what he could do for me.他问我能为我做什么。c. 选择疑问句：直接引语如果是选择疑问句，用where/if引导。She asked, “Are you going there or not?” 她问：“你去不去那儿？” She asked me whether I were going there or not.她问我是否要去那儿。3） 祈使句转述祈使句，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式前面加上tell, ask, order等动词，其句型是：tell/ask/order sb. to do sth., 如果祈使句为否定式，在不定式的前面加not. “Make sure the door is shut,”she said to her little son. “一定要关上门，”她对她的小儿子说。She told her little son to make sure the door was shut. 她对她的小儿子说一定要关上门。2. 间接引语中的呼应 1）直接引语变为间接引语时，要保持人称的一致，如果主句的主语是第一人称，则无需变化，如果是第三人称，则从句的主语随主句的主语而变。 He said, “I like it very much.”他说：“我非常喜欢它。” He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。 2）时态的一致 直接引语变为间接引语时，由于主句的时态一般为过去时，故从句的时态也要做相应的变化。Direct SpeechIndirect Speechthisthatthesethosenowthentodaythat daythis week(month,etc.)that week(month,etc)yesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next(following)daytwo months agotwo months beforea year agoa year beforenext week(month,etc)the next week(month,etc)heretherecomego注意：1）直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。 He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.” He said that light travels much faster than sound. 2）如果在当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为go; 如果在当天转述，yesterday, tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。直接引语变为间接引语的办法引语前为现在（将来）时， 去掉引号变从句。人称、数、格要改动，时态不变别忘记。引语前为过去时， 变为从句请注意：时态向前一“档”移，无需变化唯真理。指示代词需变换，人称、数、格要一致。时（间）地（点）状语相应变，当时当地留原词。 如遇一般（选择、反意）疑问句，whetehr、 if 作连词。若逢特殊疑问句，照用原句疑问（代、副）词。其他变化同上述， 语序改为陈述句。引语若是祈使句， 加to变为不定式。谓语动词酌情变， 按照句义用宾语。掌握方法灵活用， 孰能生巧难变易。将下列直接引语变为间接引语。1. He said, “If I have enough time, Ill do it.”He said that if he had enough time, he would do it.2. He asked, “Are you a party member or a league member?”He asked me whether I was a party member or a league member.3. He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”He said (that) light travels much faster than sound.4. They said, “Well go there tomorrow.”They said that they would go there the next/following day.5. He said, “Im afraid I cant translate this book.”He said that he was afraid he couldnt translate that book.6. “Do you know what is going on now?” he asked his old mother.He asked his old mother whether she knew what was going on then.Exercises：1. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _ in Beijing.(2003上海)A. would be completed B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed2. All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_. (NMET 2003) A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown3. The news came as no surprise to me. I _ for some time that the factory was going to shut down.(2003北京) A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know4. My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I _ half of it.(NMET 2004) A. was missing B. had missing C. will miss D. missed5. The crazy fans _ patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.(2004 重庆) A. were waiting B. had been waiting C. had waited D. would wait6. -George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding? -No. I_. Did they have a big wedding? (2004湖北) A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. had not been invited D. did not invite7.The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.(2004上海)A.causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused 8. We had planted 3000 trees _ the end of March.A. by B. in C. at D. to9. He kept looking at her, wondering whether he _her somewhere.(2004湖北) A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen10. -Im sorry, but I didnt mean _out your secret. -But you know, letting out ones secret means _ ones feelings. A. to let; to hurt B. letting; hurting C. to let; hurting D. letting; to hurt高一英语必背佳句系列Module Three