人教版高中英语必修四第一单元知识点串讲.doc

Book 4 Unit 1 Great women and their achievements1.Women of achievement 成功女士【词语拓展】achieve vt.获得；达到achievement n.(成就；成绩)achievable adj.(可完成的；可达到的)achieve ones end 达到目的achieve nothing 一事无成【小试身手】根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。（1）Arguing for trifles will not _.（达到我们的目的）（2）You will never_ if you spend your time that way.（有所成就）（3）His laziness makes it impossible for him to _.（成功）2.She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education.(P1)她帮助改善了监狱条件以及给予犯人工作和教育。【词语拓展】condition n.(条件，情况，状况)conditional adj.(有条件的；视而定的)on condition that.条件是如果in (out of) condition 状况好(不好) make it a condition that.以为条件under condition of 在情况下【小试身手】根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。（1）You can use my car _you must be careful while driving.（条件是）（2）I cant go climbing this summer, for I，m_ .（健康状况不佳）（3）Her parents allowed her to go, but _ (以为条件)she should get home before midnight.3.She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.(P1)她将一生都奉献给了中国妇女儿童的医疗事业。【词语拓展】devote vt.奉献；贡献devotion n.奉献；贡献 devotional adj.奉献的；虔诚的devote.to.致力于，献身于(to为介词)【小试身手】根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)He started to study ecology and decided _ _ .(献身于这门科学)(2)Caroline began_ .(更加关注工作)(3) _ (他对妻子的忠诚)is kown to all.4.Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.(P2)简已经研究黑猩猩家族很多年了,并帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么地相似。【词语拓展】behave v.表现；举止；行为behaviour n.行为；举止；态度behave well守规矩behave oneself 举止得体well-behaved 表现良好的badly-behaved 表现差的【小试身手】根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。(1)Parents should educate their children to _ .（守规矩）(2)He _（举止得体）so as not to give offence to others.(3)When a boy reaches manhood, he should_.(行为应象个男子汉)(4)Generally speaking, teachers like _ children, and at the same time they won，to look down upon _ students.5.However,the evening makes it all worthwhile.(P2)但是到傍晚时分，我们就觉得这一切都是值得的。worthwhile adj.值得的，重要的It，s worthwhile taking the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.给新雇员详细解释一下工作要求,费点事也是值得的。【词语辨析】worth；worthy这两个词都有“值得”的意思，但worth只能作表语，后接名词或动名词。 “be worth n.”这个结构中，名词一般是表示金额或者是effort，expense等词。be worth doing 结构中，doing是动名词主动形式表被动，不可换成不定式。worth 可用well来修饰，表示“很”“非常”的意思，但不可用very修饰。worthy 可作表语也可作定语。作定语时，意为“值得尊敬的”。worthy常构成的结构是：be worthy of+n.be worthy of being donebe worthy to be done 【小试牛刀】根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。（1）The film is well _ .（很值得再看一遍）（2）The problem is_.（值得讨论）（3）The picture is_ .（值10美元）（4）The place is _.（值得参观）（5）The teacher is a _man.（可敬的）（6）_ (值得)to discuss the question once again.6.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.(P2)她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活而不能用于娱乐或广告。【词语拓展】argue v.争论；争辩argument n.(争论；争辩)argue for 为而争论argue against 争辩(反对)argue with sb.同某人争论argue about/over sth.争论某事argue o doing sth.说服某人做某事argue sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事【即学即练】根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列小片段。 The workers, who （1） (为而争论)their own rights, （2） （同争论）the boss for a few days, but failed to （3） him （4） （说服做某事）giving them a rise in wages.Step4.Summing &chewing, summarizing knowledge（总结反刍 ，知识梳理）Discuss the usages of the following similar words and finish the exercises in groups: 【近义词辨析】 1.argue 和 quarrel 【课本原句】She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.(P2)她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活而不能用于娱乐或广告。argue v“争论；争辩 ，吵嘴”，与quarrel是同义词。【观察例句】Nobody could quarrel with your conclusions.你的结论无可辩驳。 The man quarrelled with his wife about children.那个男人与妻子因孩子而吵架。They argued the plan for a long time.他们就该计划辩论了很长时间。Were always aruging with each other about money.我们总是为钱吵嘴。He was too tired to argue the point.他太累了，不想讨论这个问题。【归纳总结】【即学即用】请用argue 和 quarrel分别完成下列各句：1他和玛丽争论度假的最好地方。 He _ with Mary over the best place for a holiday. 2他们就这笔钱怎样花而争论不休。 They were _ about how to spend the money. 3. 我们不要为那件麻烦事吵架了，以便我们能静下心来仔细考虑吧！We dont _with each other over the matter so that we can think it over quietly.2.observe 和 watch3.carry on和carry out4.deliver 和 pass5. worthwhile,worthy和worth6. work out，work at，work on，work for和work off（各组近义词组的【归纳总结】与检测答案参见由王军龙主编，陕西师大出版社出版的新课程高中英语词汇导学练P93-95）Step5.Testing in class & improving skills（随堂检测，落实考点）请根据下列每小题后的提示选择出正确答案：【词语辨析题探究】请根据下列每小题后的提示选择出正确答案：Warming-up and reading（ ）1.At last the government put the criminal_by hanging them. A. to die B. to death C. to be dying D. into death 【温馨提示】putto 使（某人）在（某地或某种状况中死亡）。（ ）2. The womans son, to whom she was so _, went abroad five years ago. A. loved B. cared C. devoted D. affected【温馨提示】devote vt 献身，致力于。表示把自己、时间、精力奉献给某种工作、事业等。 devote ones abilities to 把自己的才干用在上；devote ones attention to 专注于.； devote oneself to献身于；devote ones knowledge to 把自己的知识用于。be devoted to 专心于, 热心于, 忠于。（ ）3.When she finished working, she concerned herself_looking after the old people in her area. A.in B. with C. at D. on 【温馨提示】concern oneself with 关心，挂念 ；be concerned about/for 对关心，对.担心 。（ ）4. The matter was_with his father.A. contented B. compeleted C.connected D. confirmed 【温馨提示】be connected with 与有关系 。（ ）5. A little of forts(炮台)was built along the border to protect the country _attack. A.against B. by C. off D. on 【温馨提示】protect A against B。（ ）6. He worked carefully to make_mistakes _in order to get the test passed. A. as many; as possible B. as much; as possible C. many more;/ D. as few; as possible 【温馨提示】asas possible=as.as sb could。（ ）7.Young people are not _to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in.A. conservative B. content C. confident D. generous 【温馨提示】content adj 满足，满意 ;be content with sb/sth 对某人/某物满意 ；be content to do sth 对做感到满意；愿意做某事。conservative保守的,守旧的；confident 自信的；generous慷慨的，大方的。（ ）8. Tom,_yourself. Did you forget the school rules?A. behave B. believe C. perform D. conduct 【温馨提示】behave vi vt 行为，举止，举止适当或有礼，behave oneself 规矩点。（ ）9. In some parts of London, missing a bus means_for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting 【温馨提示】 mean doing sth ; mean to do sth。 （ ）10.The problem he put forth at the meeting was_. Which one of the following is WRONG? A. worth thinking over B. worthy to consider C.worthy of being thought over D.worthy of consideration【温馨提示】be worth doing sth值得一做 ;be worth(ones) while doing/ to do sth 值得做;be worthy of being done/to be done 值得被做be worthy of sth 值得，配。（ ）11. We can communicate _people in every part of the world _the Internet.A. with;with B. with; through C. through; through D. through; with 【温馨提示】communicate with与.通讯；交流。（ ）12.She has _the stars all her life, which she is proud of. A. noticed B. observed C. discovered D. seen 【温馨提示】observe vt 注意到，观察到； 遵守，奉行（法律，协议或习俗）;observe sb do sthobserve sb doing sthB。（ ）13. Mike often argues _his friend _small things angrily, which sometimes makes his friend very unhappy.A.with; for B.with; about C.to; for D. to; about【温馨提示】argue about 就进行辩论 ；argue for 为而辩护；赞成 ；argue with/against sb about/on sth与某人辩论某事 ；argue against 反对. ；argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事。（ ）14. What you have done will not have _your fame. A. a good effect on B. affected C. a good affect in D. effected 【温馨提示】affect vt ； effect n ； have an effect on sth对有影响。（ ）15. Youll_the problem if you keep on _it.A. work at; working for B. work on; working out C. work out; working at D. work for; wo