M7U4Grammar.doc

Module 7 Unit Four Period Grammar 主备：卢霞 审核：谢琴Part I Preview sheet 请仔细观察下面的例句，和你的同学一起来总结一下短语动词的用法，然后补全归纳部分的内容。【例句呈现】1. a. John is leaving for London tomorrow and I will see him off at the airportb. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has given out?c. We havent worked out a date for the meeting.d. You cant predict everything. Often things dont work out as you expect.2. a. Its the present situation in poor areas that calls for much higher spending on education and training.b. I dont care for riding in the street listening to the music at night.3. a. We must work hard to make up for lost time, or well never catch up with othersb. Anyone who swims in the river could end up with a nasty stomach upset.4. a. In our childhood, we were often reminded by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.b. It went without saying that they demanded an end be put to discrimination.5. a. Women make up only a small proportion of the prison population.b. When youre the boss you can make up your own rules.c. They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play.6. a. I had gone over and over what happened in my mind.b. She was scared to go against her fathers wishes.c. When youre going through a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.7.a. He was brought up by his grandparents in the rural village.b. She went over to her parents house to pick up some clean clothes.【归纳】一、短语动词的构成英语中有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语，其作用与一个单独的动词差不多，这种形式的组合，我们称为动词短语或短语动词，其构成常有“动词+副词”，“动词+介词”，“动词+副词+介词”，“动词+名词+介词”等。二、短语动词的构成 1. “动词+副词”，通过观察例1可知“动词+副词”可作_ (如例1a，lb)，也可作不及物动词(如例1b，ld)，有些可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，如work out。通过观察例1a和例1c可发现在“动词+副词”的词组中宾语如是名词，则可置于副词后面，亦可置于动词和副词之间。而如果宾语是_，只能置于动词后面，即动词和副词之间。2. “动词+介词”其后可以跟名词、代词、动名词等，构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语总是在介词后面，如例2a中call for相当于_，例2b中care for相当于_.3. “动词+副词+介词”，通过观察例3可发现该短语在词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语总是位于_之后，常见的还有look down upon，put up with， do away with， look forward to， keep up with，put up with，do away with等。4. “动词+名词+介词”，通过观察例4可知该短语在词义上也相当于一个及物动词，需注意该结构的被动语态，如例4b。常见的还有：take care of，spend sometime in，give rise to，have a look at等。三、短语动词的用法注意点1. 通过观察例5可知，同一短语动词在不同语境下中有不同含义，如make out，在例句4a意思为“_”；在例句4b意思为“_”；在例句4c意思为“_”。2通过观察例6可知，同一动词可与不同副词或介词搭配，构成意义不同的短语动词，如例句6a中的go over意思为“_”；例句6b中go against意思为“_”；例句6c中go through意思为“_”。3. 通过观察例7可知，同一介词或副词可跟不同动词搭配，所构成短语意义也不同，如例7a中bring up意思为“_”；例7b中pick up意思为“_”。由动词+ up构成的短语动词还有： call up召唤，打电话给；come up走进，上来; cut up切碎; fix up修理；give up_；go up 上升，增长；grow up 长大；look up尊敬，向上看，查寻；make up虚构，弥补，组成；put up举起，搭建；pick up 捡起，（开车）接某人，偶然得到；set up建立，创（纪录）; send up发射; show up _；turn up出现，把调高一点; take up_等。Part 2 Activity leading sheetI. Choose proper phrasal verbs to complete the sentences, there should be one left.1. give up give in give away give off give back (1) A win today could _ her _ her confidence. (2) When they die, plants _ gases such as carbon dioxide. (3) _ his job was the last thing we expected him to do. (4) At that time, we felt like they _ company secrets.2. put up put aside put out put forward put off (1) Grants were available to help with the cost of _ new school buildings. (2) He rejected all the proposals _ by the committee. (3) Ill _ going to Quebec until youre well enough to take care of yourself again. (4) Hannah _the light _ and went to sleep.3. get over get through get along get across get down (1) Hes not good at _ his ideas _ to us. (2) I think this problem can be _ without too much difficulty. (3) We can _ perfectly well without her. (4) Thousands of refugees will die if these supplies dont _ to me.4. break through break in break into break into (1) There was no one nearby who might see him trying to_ the house. (2) Mrs Southern listened keenly, occasionally _ with some questions. (3) I was in a nightclub in Brixton and a fight _. (4) Scientists think they are beginning to _ in the fight against cancer.II Correct the following sentences.1. He advised better use be made into our spare time to learn English.2. Had she lived up her promise, she would have made it to the BeiJing University.3. The band are hoping to put up a UK show before the end of the year.4. The police have appealed for anyone with information to come forward and talk to them.5. Many people have to turn up the meaning of this word in the dictionary.6. At that time, I was close to tears with frustration, but I held on. Multiple choice.1. This picture was taken a long time ago . I wonder if you can_ my father. Afind out Bpick out Clook out Dspeak out 2. Rod loves _ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again. A. taking apart B. giving away C. making up D. turning off3. OK, Ive had enough of it. I give up. You cant _ your responsibilities. A. run off with B. run up against C. run out of D. run away from4. Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _ preparing your business plan. A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up5. Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _ jokes. A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up6. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _ his notes. Abringing up Breferring to Clooking for Dtrying on7. His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has _ many good changes in their lives.A. got through B. resulted from C. turned into D. brought about8. Kathy_ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.A. picked up B. took up C. made up D. turned up 9. Weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. Lets_it. A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to10. The experiment has_ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets. A. found out B. pointed out C. ruled out D. carried out11. Thousands of people _ to watch yesterdays match against Ireland. Aturned on Bturned in Cturned around Dturned out12.My mother opened drawer to_the knives and spoons. A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put together13. Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just _ sweet dreams. A keep up with B put up with C end up with D catch up with14. Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up15. You look well . The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _ you, I suppose. A. agree with B. agree to C. agree on D. agree about 16. The athletes years of hard training _ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up17. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _ almo