综英4 u6.ppt

Unit6 AFrenchFourth TextoneTexttwoOralactivityPost readingActivity TextOne 1 Pre readingQuestions2 Backgroundinformation3 LanguageStudy4 Analysisofthestructure Pre readingQuestions 1 WhatdoyoudotocelebrateNationalDay 2 HowmuchdoyouknowaboutNationalDayofdifferentcountriesintheworld 3 Whatistheculturalpenetration 4 Whatdoyouthinkofstudyingabroad 千奇百怪的各国国庆日 据统计 全世界以国家建立的时间为国庆日的国家有35个 我国以建国的1949年10月1日为国庆节 以占领首都那天为国庆节的有古巴 柬埔寨 捷克和斯洛伐克 有些国家以国家独立日为国庆节 1804年1月1日 海地人民歼灭了拿破仑的6万远征军 在太子港宣布独立 从此就把每年的1月1日定为国庆节 墨西哥 加纳等国也是如此 还有些国家以武装起义纪念日作为国庆节 罗马尼亚把共产党领导武装起义 推翻安东尼斯库反动统治后 转入反法西斯战争的1944年8月23日定为国庆节 法国是以摧毁专制性象征物的日期 定为本国国庆节 另有一些国家以重大会议日为国庆节 美国以1776年7月4日大陆会议通过 独立宣言 的日子为国庆日 加拿大是以英国议会1867年7月1日通过 大不列颠北美法案 这一天为国庆节 日本是以天皇裕仁的诞辰日为国庆 还有以国家元首的生日为国庆节的 如尼泊尔 泰国 瑞典 荷兰 丹麦 比利时等国家 USIndependenceDayJuly4th US IndependenceDayisthenationalholidayoftheUnitedStatesofAmericacommemoratingthesigningoftheDeclarationofIndependencebytheContinentalCongressonJuly4 1776 inPhiladelphia Pennsylvania AndalthoughthesigningoftheDeclarationwasnotcompleteduntilAugust the4thofJulyhasbeenacceptedastheofficialanniversaryofUnitedStatesindependence Bytheearly1800sthetraditionsofparades picnics andfireworkswereestablishedasthewaytocelebrateAmerica sbirthday mosttownsandcitiesusuallyhavebigfireworkdisplaysforalltoseeandenjoy BastilleDay 法国国庆日 July14th BastilleDayisaNationalholidayinFrance ItisverymuchlikeIndependenceDayintheUnitedStatesbecauseitisacelebrationofthebeginningofanewformofgovernment TheBastillewasaprisoninFrancethatthekingsandqueensoftenusedtolockupthepeoplethatdidnotagreewiththeirdecisions Tomany itwasasymbolofallthebadthingsdonebythekingsandqueens So onJuly14 1789 alargenumberofFrenchcitizensgatheredtogetherandstormedtheBastille ThepeopleinFrancecelebratethestormingoftheBastilleasthebeginningoftheFrenchRevolution TheRevolutionsbroughtgreatchanges Kingsandqueensnolongerrule Thepeoplerulethemselvesandmaketheirowndecisions Culturalpenetration 1 Diet2 Wedding 3 Clothing cheong sam4 TVprogram film5 Popmusic6 Books Backgroundinformation 1 Aboutthetext thistextistakenfromTheAtlanticMonthly July August2001 Thismagazinehasover150 yearhistory Itsreadership nownumbers1 5millionacrossthecountry 2 Abouttheauthor CharlesTrueheartisacorrespondentfortheWashingtonPostbasedinParis Aboutthetext TheAtlanticMonthly 1857年11月 第一期 大西洋月刊 出版 称自己为 一本有关文学 政治 科学与艺术的杂志 它在创刊宣言中这样写道 在政治领域 大西洋 将坚持无党派 无偏见原则 但不管如何 人们都将确信它是美国理想的代言人 它会坦率地同任何人物与党派杰出 但其观点会超越狭隘地党派与个人偏见 这种态度将是真理与持久繁荣根本 它拒绝将自己置于任何派系中 但它将永远会与拥戴自由 国家进步 荣誉这种信念的人在一起 这一年 铁路还没有贯穿美国 但人们知道即将就会到来 达尔文的 物种起源 两年之后才会发表 而那个叫林肯的总统4年之后才上台 但有一点确凿无疑 越来越多的人移民至美国 寻求自由与尊严还有财富 今天的 大西洋月刊 已经成为美国最受尊敬的杂志 它的发行量达到了47万份 每期有120万人在阅读 是 美国国家杂志奖 无法错漏的名字 而伴随着 大西洋月刊 的成长 美国文化与美国理想不但已经觉醒 甚至要成为一种霸权 150年前 爱默森仅仅希望美国人能够摆脱欧洲文化的压抑 而今天 是法国人在义愤填膺地抵制美国文化 我们可以宣称好莱坞电影低级 我们却必须承认林肯艺术中心代表了世界最高级的文化 从海明威 菲茨杰拉德出现起 美国文学就已经不再是荒漠 爱默森与今天的美国人应该同样相信 大西洋月刊 在其中起到了一定的作用 今天的世界比起150年前已经庞杂得多 大西洋月刊 所需要关注的问题呈爆炸性的增长 但是 有一点它似乎一直在努力坚持 对于任何事物采取一种超然 充满智力性 幽默的 有艺术感的态度 AbouttheAuthor CharlesTrueheart 华盛顿邮报 记者WashingtonPost 华盛顿邮报 是美国华盛顿哥伦比亚特区最大 最老的报纸 1970年代初通过揭露水门事件和迫使理查德 尼克松总统退职 华盛顿邮报 获得了国际威望 许多人认为它是继 纽约时报 后美国最有声望的报纸 由于它位于美国首都 它尤其擅长于报道美国国内政治动态 而 纽约时报 则在报道国际事物上更加有威望 也有人指责 华盛顿邮报 过分关心政治而忽略了对其它方面的报道 华盛顿邮报 今天属于华盛顿邮报公司 该公司还拥有一些其它媒界或非媒界的企业 包括 新闻周刊 2004年12月21日华盛顿邮报公司宣布要从微软购买网上杂志 Slate 该品牌在世界品牌实验室 WorldBrandLab 编制的2006年度 世界品牌500强 排行榜中名列第五十 SchoolofForeignStudies Globalization Globali zation Metaphorsofglobalization 2 mosaic 1 Meltingpot 3 salad February19 2020 15 Illustratehowimportantitistopreserveone sowntraditionalcultureintheprocessofglobalization Howdoyouunderstandthefollowingmetaphors TextOrganization Thistexttalksabouttheinfluenceofaforeigncultureonexpatriatedfamilies Itcanbedividedintothreeparts InPartI Paragraphs1 3 theauthorstartswithawayofcelebratinghishomecountry sNationalDay i e theIndependenceDayoftheUnitedStates InPartII Paragraphs4 9 hemakesacontrastiveanalysisofthecostsandbenefitsoftheexpatriatedpeople PartIII Paragraphs10 12 hetalksabouttheeffectofglobalization Languagestudy Part Para1 3 Inthispart theauthortellsusthathecelebratedhisNationalDayinanothercountryhangingbyanoldflagfromafourth floorbalcony Hethenremindspeoplelikehimoftheirnativecountryandculture Q1 WhydoestheauthorhangtheAmericanflagfromhisfourth floorbalconyinParis Hedoesitfortworeasons First asanAmericanlivinginParis flag hangingistheonlythinghecandotocelebratetheIndependenceDay Second hewantstousetheflag hangingasaspecialmeanstoteachhischildrenabouttheAmericanhistoryandasareminderoftheirAmericanidentity Languagestudy Para1 3 Q2 Theauthorhaskepttheoldflagforalongtime Whydidn thegetanewone Thetextdoesnottellusexplicitly butitisverylikelythatthisflagwasbroughttoParisfromtheU S alongtimeago Totheauthor theoldflagisabetterreminderofhishomecountrythananewone Languagestudy Para1 3 Q3 Whydotheauthorandhisfamilygobackhomeforthesummer Asexpatriates theyarenotusedtothecustomandculturaltraditionsinFrance buttheyhavelittleaccesstothetraditionalcultureoftheirmotherland SotheygobackhometotracetheheritageofAmericans Inaddition becausetheirchildrenarerearedupinacompletelyforeignculture theyhavetheobligationtoteachtheirchildrenthecultureandhistoryoftheirmotherland Languagestudy Para1 3 Languagepoints1 foldaway makesomethingintoasmaller neatershapebyfoldingit usuallyseveraltimes E gThesecampingchairscanbefoldedawayandputinthetrunk Thepieceofpaperwasfoldedawaycarefullyandtuckedintoherpurse foldaway adj designedtobefoldedupforeasystorage afoldawaybed Languagestudy Para1 3 2 regulation adj conformingtoregulationsorrules E g aregulationcap uniform 制帽 制服 inregulationdress uniformChristiansusuallydecoratetheirhouseswiththeregulationdecorationsasChristmasapproaches Pleasedriveattheregulationspeedonmotorways Languagestudy Para1 3 3 butinmymind seyeanAmericantouristmaynoticeitandsmile inone smind seye inone smemoryorimagination Pp butIimaginethatanAmericantouristmaynoticeitandshowhisappreciationofmyactionwithasmile 4 passerby Apersonwhopassesbypl passersby Languagestudy Para1 3 5 thedateandtheoccasionthatpromptitsappearance prompt 1 tomovetoact spur incite e g Anoisepromptedtheguardtogobackandinvestigate 嘈杂声促使卫兵回头调查 2 Togiveriseto inspire e g Theaccidentpromptedareviewofschoolsafetypolicy 这场事故引起对学校安全制度的反思 Pp TheeventofthethirteenstatesofBritishcoloniesdeclaringtheirindependenceonJuly4 1776broughtabouttheappearanceofthisflag Languagestudy Para1 3 6 expatriate 1 vi settleoneselfabroad E g TheseBritishexpatriateinSpain 2 vt tosendsb intoexile Adj expatriated expatriatee g Tokyoremainsthemostexpensivecityintheworldforexpatriatefamiliestolivein U expatriation7 inpart partly8 barbecue foodpreparedonametalapplianceatagathering Languagestudy Para1 3 9 suppresssuchoutwardsignsoftheirheritage Pp donotgivemanifestationsoftheirtraditionalculturehandeddownfromtheirancestors suppress vt prohibittheactivitiesof toinhibittheexpressionofE g suppressasmile Thetroopssuppressedtherebellionbyfiringonthemob 军队向暴徒开枪镇压叛乱 suppression U e g apolicyofsuppression高压政策 Languagestudy Para1 3 heritage u culturaltraditionsthathavebeenpasseddownfrompreviousgenerations E g 我们中国人有伟大的文化遗产 WeChinesehaveagreatculturalheritage 10 refuel tofillwithmorefuelforavehicle fig tofillsomeone smindwithmoreknowledgeoftheirnativeculture E g Oiltankerswillaccompanythecontainersfortrans oceanrefuelling Inasocietyofintensecompetition peoplehavetorefueleveryyeartocatchupwiththerapidrenewalofknowledge Languagestudy Para1 3 12 Q A questionsandanswers13 Thestatusofacitizenwithitsattendantduties rights andprivileges E g AmericancitizensandBritishsubjects Languagestudy Para1 3 14 theAmericaninme Pp thefeelingofbeingAmericanwhichisdeeplyrootedinmymind 15 twinge C abriefexperienceofanemotion bytypicallyanunpleasantone E g atwingeofguilt 犯罪的愧疚atwingeofconscience良心的责备Foramoment ArnoldfeltatwingeofsympathyforMr Wilson Hefeltaslighttwingeinhisbrokenleg Languagestudy Para1 3 16 unease anxietyordiscontent E g Weleftwithadeepsenseofunease becauseweknewsomethingwasbeinghiddenfromus 17 lacuna anunfilledspaceorinterval agap Plural lacunae Languagestudy Para1 3 18 July4isoneofthetimeswhentheAmericaninmefeelsatwingeofuneaseaboutthegreatlacunaeinourchildren sunderstandingofwhotheyareandispromptedtotrytofillthegaps Pp July4isoneofthetimesI asanativeAmerican feelinstinctivelyuneasyaboutthegreatgapsinourchildren sunderstandingoftheirAmericanidentity andthusIammotivatedtodosomethingtofillthegaps oneamongmany Among usuallyreferstooneamongmanyInherhometown shewasabigfishinasmallpond butaftershemovedtoNewYork shewasjustonlyoneamongmanymillions 在她家乡 她很了不起 可是搬到纽约后 她就不过是芸芸众生之一了 Languagestudy Part Para4 9 Thispartisthemainbodyoftheessay inwhichtheauthortellsuswhatisgoodandwhatisbadinlivinginaforeigncountry Hesupportshisargumentwiththeexperienceofhisownfamilyandthedifferencebetweenhisgenerationandthegenerationofhisownchildren Languagestudy Part Para4 9 Questionstobeconsidered 1 Whatarethecostsandbenefitsofraisingchildreninaforeignculture Itisdifficultforchildrentounderstandandidentifythevirtuesoftheirnativeculturewithoutlivinginitsotheyneedtogobacktotheirnativecountrytocompensatefortheineffectivefamilyeducation Butthepracticeofraisingchildreninaforeignculturehasitsmerits Forexample ithelpsthechildrentoacquirethenewculturewithoutbeingexposedtothedisadvantagesoftheirnativeculture Languagestudy Part Para4 9 2 Whatistheauthor spurposeoftellingthestoryofhisownchildreninParagraphs4and5 Howisthestoryrelatedtohisargument ThestoryofhischildrenistypicalofAmericanexpatriatesinFrance Ittellsusthatthechildrencanlearnalotaboutanewculturewithoutlosingcompletelytheirownlanguageorbeingexposedtothefolliesoftheirownculture Butatthesametime thestoryalsoshowsthatitisratherdifficultforthechildrentounderstandthehistoricalheritagesoftheirmotherlandastheirpeergroupsintheU S Languagestudy Part Para4 9 3 DidtheauthorachievethepurposeofhissummertravelintheU S Notreally Duringthesummervacation theauthorvisitedhisbrother sfamilyinMassachusetts Inoneweek stime theytookthechildrentolearndetailsoftheAmericanRevolution Theyhopethatthereenactmentofthewarwillhelptheinnocentchildrentounderstandthegreathistoricaleventthatledtothefoundationofthenation Buttohisdisappointment theresultisnotquitesatisfactorybecausethechildrencannotcompletelygraspthegistofwhattheysaworheard Languagestudy Part Para4 9 LanguagePoints1 Ifyoudescribesomethingasnotmuchofaparticulartypeofthing youmeanthatitissmallorofpoorquality 称不上Ithasn tbeenmuchofaholiday 2 issue isanimportantsubjectthatpeoplearearguingaboutordiscussing E g Timeisnotanissue butmoneyis 3 Andourphysicalseparationfromournativelandisnotmuchofanissue Pp Andlivingawayfromournativecountrydoesnotmattermuch inourchildren sacquisitionofournativelanguage Languagestudy Part Para4 9 4 grateful thankfulE g Iamgratefultoyouforhelpingme 5 objectlesson astrikingpracticalexampleofsomeprincipleorideal实物教学课E g Thatwasanobjectlessoninhowtohandleadifficultcustomer 6 folly U afoolishact idea orpracticeE g It mitafolly作蠢事Thefolliesofyoutharefoodforrepentanceinoldage 谚 年轻时胡闹 年老时烦恼 Languagestudy Part Para4 9 7 holdatadistance keepsth atadistanceJayhadalwaystendedtokeephisgirlfriendsatadistance 8 convey vt 1 makeanidea impression orfeelingknownorunderstoodbysomeoneE g Mr KissingersaidtheAmericanshadconveyedtheirviewstotheIsraeligovernment WhenIreturnedtomycompany Itriedtoconveythewonderofthisnewmachinetomycolleagues Languagestudy Part Para4 9 2 Toconveysomeoneorsomethingtoaplacemeanstocarryortransportthemthere e g TherailwaycompanyextendedabranchlinetoBrightlingseatoconveyfishdirecttoBillingsgate U conveyance9 afar U adv alongdistanceE g sawitafaroff 远远地看它 traveledafar到远方旅行 Languagestudy Part Para4 9 10 morethan notonlyE g 1 Modernscienceismorethanalargeamountofinformation 2 Jasonismorethanalecturer heisawriter too nomore than notanymorethanE g DrHuisnomoreapoetthanDrWuisaphilosopher DrHuisnotapoetanymorethanDrWuisaphilosopher 1 Aesop sfables TheAesop sFablesreferstoacollectionoffablescreditedtoAesop 620 560BC aslaveandstory tellerthatlivedinAncientGreece Aesop sFableshavebecomeablankettermforcollectionsofbrieffables usuallyinvolvingpersonifiedanimals Thefablesremainapopularchoiceformoraleducationofchildrentoday TherearemanystoriesinAesop sFables suchasTheFoxandtheGrapes fromwhichtheidiom sourgrapes wasderived TheTortoiseandtheHare TheNorthWindandtheSunandTheBoyWhoCriedWolf whicharewell knownthroughouttheworld February19 2020 SchoolofForeignStudies 41 2 LaFontaine sfables Theseventeenth centurywriterLaFontaineisbestknownforhispopularFables LaFontaineisoftenregarded onthebasisofhisFables asasuperficialwriterofmorallessonsforchildren Readerstendtooverlookthecomplexirony subtlenarrativestrategies andperceptiveviewofhumannaturewhichcanbefoundintheFablesandhisotherliteraryworks February19 2020 SchoolofForeignStudies 42 Languagestudy Part Para4 9 13 Concord AtownofeasternMassachusettsontheConcordRiverwest northwestofBoston AnearlybattleoftheRevolutionaryWarwasfoughthereonApril19 1775 Inthe19thcenturythetownwasnotedasanintellectualandliterarycenter Population 17 076 14 TheNorthBridge oneofConcord soldestbridges joiningthetowntoGroton Languagestudy Part Para4 9 15 Aglimpseofsomethingisabriefexperienceofitoranideaaboutitthathelpsyouunderstandorappreciateitbetter 16 runacross meetthemorfindthemunexpectedly 17 reenactment U actingoutapostevent Vt reenact enactagainE g reenactedtheeventsleadinguptotheaccident 再次展现导致事故的一系列事件enact 1 Tomakeintolaw E g Congressenactedataxreformbill 2 Toact something out asonastage E g enactedthepartoftheparent 3 gothrough actout Languagestudy Part Para4 9 18 skirmish 1 C ashortroughfightE g BorderskirmishesbetweenIndiaandPakistanwerecommon 2 vi fight E g PoliceskirmishedwithyouthsontheestatelastFriday 19 launch vt i tosetgoing initiate launchacareer 开创一项事业 launchforthonadangerousmission 开始执行一项危险的使命 launchedoutonherownaftercollege 她大学毕业后展开新生活 Three CorneredHats Thetricorne three corneredhat astyleofhatthatwaspopularduringthelate17th 18thcentury IntheUnitedStates thetricorneisassociatedwiththeAmericanRevolution cottonbonnet Languagestudy Part Para4 9 22 confirmto provesomethingdefinitelytrueThesestatisticsconfirmourworstfearsaboutthedepthoftherecession Thespokesmanconfirmedthattheareawasnowintherebels hands 23 goggle eyed havingstaringorprotrudingeyes especiallythroughastonishment 24 make believe adj imitatingsomethingreal pretendinge g Sheusedtoplaygamesofmake believewithhereldersister Theviolenceinthosefilmswastoounreal itwasmake believe Languagestudy Part Para4 9 25 satisfactionswellinginmybreast withmyheartfullofsatisfactionswell vt BeintenselyaffectedorfilledwithaparticularemotionE g toswelllikeaturkeycock趾高气扬Rageswelledwithinme 我心头怒火升腾beswollenwithindignation满腔愤怒beswollenwithpride骄傲Hisemotionswellsandsubsides 他的情绪忽高忽低 Satisfactionswellinginmybreast withmyheartfullofsatisfactionGulliver anEnglishmanwhotravelstotheimaginarylandsinJonathanSwift ssatireGulliver sTravels Gulliver svoyagetoLilliput 小人国 Languagestudy Part Para4 9 27 aswepursuedthisconversation Pp aswecontinuedtodiscussthetopicoftheAmericanRevolution pursue vi Continuetostudy explore ordiscuss atopic idea orargument E g Let snotpursuethisargument 她持续不断地学了五年英语 ShepursuedthestudyofEnglishforfiveyears Languagestudy Part Para4 9 28 TheFrenchRevolution abourgeoisrevolutionthattookplaceinFrancein18centuryinordertoturnoverabsolutemonarchy TheideologyoftheRevolutionamountedtothepraiseofthe self mademan 29 enlightenment theactofenlighteningorthestateofbeingenlightened E g ThisisdifficultandIneedenlightenment 这很难 我需要指点 enlighten togivethemmoreknowledgeandgreaterunderstandingaboutsomething E g Heenlightenedmeonthissubject Listentobothsidesandyouwillbeenlightened 兼听则明 Languagestudy Part Para4 9 Enlightenment theintellectualmovementthattookplaceinthe18thcenturyEurope Themovementwasmotivatedbythefundamentalideathathumanreasoncouldbeusedtocombatignorance superstition andtyrannyandtobuildabetterworld Theprincipaltargetswerereligion embodiedinFranceintheCatholicChurch andthedominationofsocietybyahereditaryaristocracy 启蒙运动Rousseau Voltaire Languagestudy Part Para4 9 30 bringup introduceitintoadiscussionorconversation 31 riposte makeaquickcleverreplytoaninsultorcriticism It stoughatthetop hesaid It stougheratthebottom ripostedthebillionaire Youcanrefertoanactionasaripostetosomethingwhenitisaresponsetothatthing e g Theoperationisbeingseenasaswiftripostetothekillingofaseniorarmycommander Languagestudy Part Para4 9 32 frameofreference aparticularsetofbeliefs ideas orobservationsonwhichonebaseshisjudgmentE g Pleaseseetoitthatyouaredealingwithsomeonewithadifferentframeofreference Theobserverinterpretswhatheseesintermsofhisownculturalframeofreference 33 ThomasJefferson 托马斯 杰弗逊the3rdU S President Languagestudy PartIII Para10 12 Thisistheconcludingpart inwhichtheauthortouchesupontheeffectofglobalization Thefollowingquestionscouldbeasked 1 WhydoestheauthorrecallhisownexperienceasachildinParagraph10 Becausehewantstoillustratethatasachildhehadaparticularwayofviewingtheworldaroundhim whichwasquitedifferentfromthatoftheadults Hastemakeswaste Sotheknowledgeofhisnativelandshouldbeaccumulatedgradually Languagestudy PartIII Para10 12 2 Whatarethedifferencesbetweentheauthorandhischildrenasexpatriatesataboutthesametimeintheirlives Whatcausesthedifferences Theyaredifferentinbothbehaviorandmentality HischildrenarequiteliketheirFrenchpeersinbehavioranddressstyle whiletheauthorwasquitedifferentfromhisFrenchpeerswhenhewasachild Thesedifferencesareduetotherapidsocialchangesandculturalmergingallovertheworld Theworldisbecomingahugemeltingpotinwhichdifferentculturesoftheworldaremixingup Languagestudy PartIII Para10 12 3 Whydoestheauthorsaythedevelopmentissad Becauseglobalizationbecomesthekeynoteoflifeintheworldtoday Culturesarealsomergingwitheachother Childrencannottelltheexactdifferencesbetweentwoculturesanditisimpossibleforthemtorelivetheauthor sexperienceoflivinginaforeignculture Sothiskindofdevelopmentissadtotheauthor Languagestudy PartIII Para10 12 LanguagePoints1 resonate vievokeorsuggestimages memories andemotionsE g Londonisconfidentandalive resonatingwithallthequalities