《医学科研写作》同济医学院课件-参考文献的检索-1(2011).ppt

文献的检索 References Manyauthorsthinkthatthereferencesarearelativelyunimportnatpartofthemanuscriptandgivethemlittleattention Typically therearemoreMistakesinthereferencesthananyotherpartofthemanuscript Whatisthepurposeofreferences Sothatotherscanseetheprimaryinformationsources Toassistothersfollowingyourwork Toprovideanaccuratepathofevolutionofresearch Whatshouldbecited PreviousstudiesthatimpactuponyourownworkWorksthathelptoprovidethebackgroundandcontextforyourownworkandinterpretationsPapersthatsupportyourideasandhelpdiscussyourresultsPaperswhichmaygivedifferentinterpretationswhichyouwishthereadertocomparewithyourown Textbook excellentresourcesforfundamentalconcepts needtocheckformoreup to dateinformationinjournalsoron line Peer reviewdjournalreviewarticles excellentwaytofamiliarizeyourselfwithanewfieldofresearchPeer reviewedresearchjournalarticles provideaprimarysourceforscientificinformation Website mustbeevaluatedverycarefully Whatyouneedtoreference Notgeneratedbyyourselfwithinthetextofyourmanuscript Stateafactorsomebodyelse sopinion Needtocitethesourceofthatfactoropinion evenifyouhavere wordedorre writtenthatinformation Formattingyourbibliography Journalarticle oneauthorHarlow H F 1983 Fundamentalsforpreparingpsychologyjournalarticles JournalofComparativeandPhysiologicalPsychology 55 893 896 Journalarticle threetosixauthorsKernis M H Cornell D P Sun C R Berry A Harlow T 1993 There smoretoself esteemthanwhetheritishighorlow Theimportanceofstabilityofself esteem JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology 65 1190 1204 Journalarticle morethansixauthorsHarris M Karper E Stacks G Hoffman D DeNiro R Cruz P etal 2001 WritinglabsandtheHollywoodconnection JournalofFilmandWriting 44 3 213 245 Magazinearticle oneauthorHenry W A III 1990 April9 Makingthegradeintoday sschools Time 135 28 31 BookCalfee R C Valencia R R 1991 APAguidetopreparingmanuscriptsforjournalpublication Washington DC AmericanPsychologicalAssociation AnarticleorchapterofabookO Neil J M Egan J 1992 Men sandwomen sgenderrolejourneys Metaphorforhealing transition andtransformation InB R Wainrib Ed Genderissuesacrossthelifecycle pp 107 123 NewYork Springer AbookorarticlewithnoauthororeditornamedMerriam Webster scollegiatedictionary 10thed 1993 Springfield MA Merriam Webster Newdrugappearstosharplycutriskofdeathfromheartfailure 1993 July15 TheWashingtonPost p A12 NOTE Forparentheticalcitationsofsourceswithnoauthornamed useashortenedversionofthetitleinsteadofanauthor sname Usequotationmarksanditalicsasappropriate Forexample parentheticalcitationsofthetwosourcesabovewouldappearasfollows Merriam Webster s 1993 and NewDrug 1993 Atranslatedworkand orarepublishedworkLaplace P S 1951 Aphilosophicalessayonprobabilities F W Truscott F L Emory Trans NewYork Dover Originalworkpublished1814 NOTE Whenyoucitethisworkintext itshouldappearwithbothdates Laplace 1814 1951 AnonlinejournalarticleKenneth I A 2000 ABuddhistresponsetothenatureofhumanrights JournalofBuddhistEthics 8 4 RetrievedFebruary20 2001 fromhttp www cac psu edu jbe twocont htmlNationalResearchCouncil 1999 Arsenicindrinkingwater SubcommitteeonArsenicinDrinkingWater http www4 nationalacademies org news nsf isbn 030906337 OpenDocument ChapterorsectionofanonlinedocumentTheFoundationforaBetterWorld 2000 Pollutionandbananacreampie InGreatchefscookwithchlorofluorocarbonsandcarbonmonoxide Chap 3 RetrievedJuly13 2001 fromNOTE UseachapterorsectionidentifierandprovideaURLthatlinksdirectlytothechaptersection notthehomepageoftheWebsite http www apastyle org faqs html JournalNameandAbbreviation JournalAbbreviationResourcesontheWebhttp www library uiuc edu biotech j abbrev htmlBiologicaljournalsandabbreviationshttp home ncifcrf gov research bja Journalnameabbreviation ISSNnumberandcoveragehttp www bioscience org atlases jourabbr list htmJournaltitleabbreviationshttp www wsulibs wsu edu general journal abbreviations html Threeways PubMedJCRonwebThenationalcooperationsystemoflibrary PubMed LinktoPubMed http www ncbi nlm nih gov entrez query fcgi Input journals intheSearchbox Input fullnameofajournal abbreviationofajournal intheForbox Press Go button JCRonweb 期刊引用报告 JournalCitationReports简称JCR 是对世界权威期刊进行系统客观评价的有效工具 通过对来源于ISI的科学引文索引 SCI 和社会科学引文索引 SSCI 的数据进行分析 JCRWeb版收录了世界上各学科最具影响的7 000多种期刊 这些期刊涵盖了200多门学科 JCRonWeb分为两个版本 即 JCR Science 收录6 088种期刊 JCR SocialScience 收录1 747种期刊 FindFreeFull TextArticleshttp www library uiuc edu biotech j abbrev htmlHighWirePressstanforduniversityhttp highwire stanford edu inthepress asbmb asbmb 2002mar dtlWOW FullTextANDFree http www2 iastate edu cyberstacks JAS htmFindjournalnames journalnameabbreviations ISSNnumbersandcoveragehttp www bioscience org atlases jourabbr list htmFreeFull TextArticlesandBookshttp www nafwa org lma directory Free Full Text Articles and Books Free Full Text Articles and Books phphttp www tcc edu lrc indexes dbfull htm TheInternetResources Directories SearchEnginesforFreeFullTextArticles DirectoryofOpenAccessJournals DOAJ FindArticlesatBNET com FreeMedicalJournals GoogleScholar HighWirePress MagP OAIster PubMedCentral arXiv Directories SearchEnginesforFreeFullTextBooks A s SearchInsidetheBook Bookshelf GoogleBookSearch InternationalChildren sDigitalLibrary ICDL OpenDOAR ProjectGutenbergFreeeBookLibrary TheNationalAcademiesPress NAP s OpenBook TheOnlineBooksPage TheOpenLibrary TopReferenceSitesforCreatingaResearchPaper 1TheOWLatPurdueConductingPrimaryResearchWritingaResearchPaperResourcesforDocumentingSourcesTheOwlatPurduehasahugecollectionofresourcesforpeoplewhoneedtopreparearesearchpaper Inadditiontoresearchwritingtips youwillalsofindimportantinformationaboutdocumentingsources conductinginterviewsandgeneralwritingmechanics 2UniversityofHouston VictoriaResearchPaperInformationCenterDocumentationStyleCenterUHVResearchWorkshopTheUHVAcademicCenteroffersawholeslewofresourcesforresearchpaperwriters Theirsiteoffersstep by stepinstructionsonresearchinganddraftingpapers aswellasaDocumentationStyleCenterandanonlineworkshopforresearchers 3EncyclopediaBrittanicaBrowsebySubjectBrowseAlphabeticallyBrowseIndexTheonlineversionoftheEncyclopediaBritannicaisfullysearchableandoffersthreedifferentwaystofindexactlywhatyouarelookingfor Thesiteincludesarticles images videos afullyupdatedatlas adictionary athesaurus andmuchmore Someitemscanonlybeaccessedwithapremiummembership butthereisaseven dayfreetrialthatyoucantakeadvantageofatanytime 4InternetPublicLibrary IPL SubjectCollectionsReferenceSectionReadingRoomAconsortiumofcollegesanduniversitiesdevelopedandmaintainstheInternetPublicLibrary Thisfullysearchabledatabaseincludesareadingroom books magazinesandnewspapers areferencesection almanacs encyclopediasanddictionaries andsubjectcollectionsoneverythingfrombusinessandeducationtolawandgovernment 5InternetArchiveTheWayBackMachineResearchpaperssometimesrequiretheuseofoldinformationthatcan tbefoundusingaregularsearchenginelikeGoogle Butthatdoesn tmeanyoucan tsearchthewebforthistypeofinformation TheInternetArchive sWayBackMachineletsyousurfthewebasitoncewas Inadditiontobeingabletosearchthrough30billionpagesthatdatebackallthewayto1996 youcanlookforaudiofiles textandimages 6TheRefDeskQuickReferenceResearchToolNewspaperDatabaseFactsEncyclopediaTheRefDeskisamassivenon profitsitewithinformationonnearlyeverytopicimaginable Searchabledatabasesandindexesofweb basedsourceshelpyoufindeverythingyouneedquickly Otherhandytoolsonthissiteincludeacurrencyconverter calendars worldclocks dictionariesandencyclopedias 7WestfieldStateCollegeElyLibraryAmericanPsychologicalAssociationGuidelinesModernLanguageAssociationGuidelinesChicagoManualofStyleGuidelinesTheElyLibraryofWestfieldStateCollegeoffersanexcellentsummaryofthethreemaindocumentationstylesusedforresearchpapers Youwillalsofindmultipleexamplesforeachstyleandlinkstoadditionalresources 8BartlebyReferenceSearchPortalColumbiaEncyclopediaQuotationCollectionBartlebyisanInternetpublisherofliteratureandreferencematerials TheirsiteoffersfreeunlimitedaccesstopublicationslikeColumbiaEncyclopedia AmericanHeritageDictionary WorldFactbookandGray sAnatomy Asearchabledatabasemakeseverythingeasytofind 9U S CensusBureauDataAccessToolsAmericanFactFinderStateandCountyQuickFactsTheU S CensusBureauisawonderfulsourceofdataifyouarelookingforinformationabouttheAmericanpeopleortheeconomy Inadditiontofactfindersandothersearchabledatabases thesiteoffersaccesstomaps inflationcalculatorsandmuchmore 10ModernLanguageAssociationFrequentlyAskedQuestionsAboutMLAStyleMLA ModernLanguageAssociation documentations