分析马克吐温作品的英语论文.doc

英语专业本科学期论文题 目The Literature Features of Mark Twains Works 学院名称 指导教师 职 称 讲师 班 级 学 号 学生姓名 2011 年 4月 28日 AbstractMark Twain is a real critics of America，his literature most main feature is humorous、satire，and many works of his literary are full of fantasy hero。Each of his literature has its unique implication，many of these literature are full of meaning of critical social phenomenon。He experience the process of United States from “free” capitalism to imperialism of development。Its ideas and creative also manifests burning satire，then it is becoming pessimism。In every literature of Mark Twain is almost full of humorous and satire， So in his literary, the main three feature is humorous、satire、fantasy。The paper will conduct its analysis and descriptions around this three aspects。To combine a literature and the culture background，only by this can we understand the intonation。During analysis，this paper selected some of his masterpiece，then comparative analysis his hero of his masterpiece，analyses their growth 、action and ideas。So we can true know the characteristics of hero in Mark Twains literature。This paper analyzed that the three characteristics is also the main representative of Mark Twains literature.Key words:humorous ；satire ；fantasy 摘要马克吐温是美国的现实批判者，他的文学作品最主要的特征就是幽默、讽刺，而且他的很多作品中的主人公都是充满幻想的人。他的每个作品都有其独特的寓意，很多作品都是具有批判当时的社会现象的含义。他经历了美国从“自由”资本主义到帝国主义的发展过程，其思想和创作也表现了辛辣讽刺，然后又是悲观厌世的发展阶段。几乎在他的每部作品中都会充满幽默和讽刺，因此他的作品中最大的三个特征就是：幽默、讽刺、幻想。本文主要是就这三个文学特征来展开叙述。只有结合作品和作品所处的文化背景，我们才能真正理解这篇文章的语调，在分析的过程中，这篇论文选择了几个代表作里的主人公来分析，分析他们的成长，分析他们的行为，分析他们的思想。这样我们就能真实的了解马克吐温作品中的主人公的特性，这篇论文所展开分析的三个特征也是马克吐温作品的主要风格。关键词：幽默 ；讽刺 ；幻想Contents1 .Introduction1.1: Purpose of the research （1）1.2: About Mark Twains introduction （1）2. The character analysis of Mark Twains works2.1: Description some characters of masterpiece （1）2.2: A brief comparison of those characters （2）3. The character analysis of Mark Twains different period works（3）4The intonation analysis of literature of Mark Twain4.1: The analysis of the language of his literature （4）4.2: The analysis of the Figures of speech of his literature （4）5.The true meaning analysis of his literature5.1: The analysis of the ideas of some masterpiece （4）5.2: combine the literature and the culture background （5）6.Conclusion （6）7.Bibliography （7）1 .Introduction1.1 Purpose of the researchThrough the understanding of Mark Twains novel, we can further understand the characteristics of his writing，we can understand more Mark Twain,too.1.2 About Mark Twains introductionMark Twain was an American writer，his original name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens，Clemens was born on November 30, 1835 in Florida。Mark Twain inherited tenderminded from his father.He had been engaged in a lot of occupation,he was apprenticed to a printer and wrote for his brothers newspaper. He later worked as a licensed Mississippi river-boat pilot. In 1864 Twain left for California, and worked in San Francisco as a reporter，in the 1890s，Mark Twain was deep in debt because of his failure in business and publising firm.Between 1876 and 1884 he published several masterpieces ，Tom Sawyer (1881) and The Adventures of Hucklebeery Finn（1884）。 He created the unique graceful style and laid a foundation of the modern American literature, He put the oral applied to be in the works,such as The Adventures of Hucklebeery Finn, this work, according to the characters of different appearances, using seven different languages. Make the reader feels like themselves hear Finn and Jim speaking . His merit is played a humorous in work,In many works,reader especially loved The Innocent Abroad (1869 )、Roughing It (1872)、The Adventures of Tom Sawyer(1881)、The Life on the Mississippi(1883) and so on.Mark Twain love America.He died on April 21, 19102. The character analysis of Mark Twains works2.1 Description some characters of masterpieceMark Twain has many excellent works, In the paper,I will analysis some masterpiece.Firstly ,I would analsis his most famous masterpieces ：The Adventures of Tom Sawyer(1881)。Tom is a clever naughty children，at the same time, he also is full of justice and counsel, and courage. In his childhood，he alwsys done a lot of bad things to make his aunt feel sad ,but he always can find many ways to avoid punish.He is also like to fantasy,many times, he likes fantasy some wont happen processes and results.when his aunt wronged him,he left his home and sat under the Thatchers window,then he started fantasy.He thought he is lying down and dying right there and her finding his body in the next morning. He always pursues free life, So in others mind, he was a rebellious children. But he has always been a full of justice and courage boy. When he and huck saw a murder case, huck chose conceal, but he chose to tell the truth. He hate reality life,so he want to be a pirate,but he always care his aunt,so he is a filial boy. In the end, Tom and Huck found the Murderer,Tom didnt feel fear,so he is a very brave boy,The most important thing is that he found the treasure, Secondly,I would analsis his another famous masterpieses: The Adventures of Hucklebeery Finn(1884).Huck is a celver boy,when he was imprisoned by his father,he fled when his father was drunk.Jim and he left their home, Huck made a slain illusion to confuse people,sometimes, Huck often go to town to ask about some news,From those aspects,we can get some information that Huck is a very clever and careful boy.when he know many people were chasing Jim,He didnt afraid,theyexperience many adventures.but they feel very happy,so we can know that Huck is a very sunny boy. When he saw a murder in the boat,he was very calm.In the end ,he thought out a good way to save people who was in the boat and let themselves successful escape.From those aspects,we can get some informatiion that Huck is a brave boy,At last,Huck get the treasure.2.2 A brief comparison of those charactersAlthough only two examples are enumerated, but I have seen all of his novels, their basic hero have similarities。Most of them are innocent, smart, unrest in reality, justice and they are very brave. They always keep some kind of ideals, a kind of escape from reality life. But in the end, some of them still full of justice and courage to face life now and some choose escape from reality life.no.No matter what they choose,the hero was a kind people. In the novel, hero has a feature that most are not very rich. Although hero always embrace ideal, but in real life, they rolled around everywhere.So I strongly believe that they are similarity.In general,they are kind、honest and hospitable, joyful, justice.3. The character analysis of Mark Twains different period worksIn the 19th century 60 70, Mark Twain published works were 70 articles, the main features is extreme hyperbole, humor, funny. In part of the works, humor contain irony, such as running for governor,bad childrens story,good boy story and so so.In this period, he allegorical social phenomenon: racial discrimination, the press a miasma, speculation psychological and social moral disorder and hypocrisy. At the end of the 1960s Mark Twain went east,he publishedf the fool abroad and tough life and the gilded age three ministers of the works. Novel character has entrepreneurs, politicians, farmers and the petty townsfolk. The author, by artistic image tells us that in the capitalist free competition era, acquire a large wealth is speculators, entrepreneurs and politicians, nobody is always dreaming.Early 1970s, he published the adventures of Tom Sawyer, the Mississippi River and huckleberry Finn, This period he is stable, the book describes many social life beforethe civil war , created many characters. Novel written by American English pure, open the oral tradition of American literature style.In the late 1980s, Mark Twain published king Arthur court Connecticut americans,fool Wilson and so so, These works irony and analyzes the United States of money corrode action,The early 20th century, Mark Twain published a series of anti-imperialism: The Use of the Lynching of Political United States ,To Living in the Darkness of Man, Finn General Ralston for Defense, War Prayers. In the paper, the author accused the imperialist aggression, sympathy and support for the colonists fight. As the author further understanding of social reality, cheerful and lively mood also gradually become melancholy indignation, which in his later political is particularly obvious anti-imperialist4.The intonation analysis of literature of Mark Twain4.1 The analysis of the language of his literatureMark Twains novels are written in a colloquial style,such as Jim said:hello, you .It is a dead man ,He is naked.He has been shot 20 in the back,I think he has been dead two or three days.Come in.Huck,but dont look at his face.Its terrible(朱蓉贞 ,1996：8）. Black Jim words is to use black oral English. So reader will feel very kind,when they reading, like in the ears hear Jim speak.His Language directly, accurate and simple, Long sentence is extremely scarce, Basically ,most sentence are simple sentences or tied for complex sentences.such as:The sun rose over a quiet world and looked warmly down upon the peaceful village. （Tom Sawyer .1881:22） Sometimes even not grammar rules, But in his novels, the biggest characteristic is colloquial language, When he describes the scene, many are described with the dialogues ,and use a lot of dialect. 4.2 The analysis of the Figures of speech of his literatureMark Twains novel use a lot of rhetoric，such as exaggerated and irony,Firstly,I will analysis exaggrated.All of the children were wearing their best clothing and the pretty young girls all looked prettier than usual (Tom Sawyer .1881:30),In this sentence,he used exaggerated, Mark Twain deliberately exaggerated peoples dress, Meanwhile, on the other hand, this also ironic those church custom .Secondly, I will analysis irony.And finally,they would say many prayers:prayers for the church,for the people of the village,for the village itself,for America,and for people in countries all over the world. (Tom Sawyer .1881:32). This sentence used irony,.He wrote a lot of prayer, prayer word very exaggerated, the chaplain looks very pretentious. These are strongly mock the church ceremony.5.The true meaning analysis of his literature5.1 The analysis of the ideas of some masterpieceRunning For Governor(1870), Hero is a nomination as New York long candidates, He is the candidate of the best reputation.He is a man who are integrity and helpful, So he was elected who has the greatest chance, But then there are a lot of things, He was framed by the others, They want to let him lose the opportunity to campaign. They say he perjury and steals and so so. Finally they really succeed. Mark Twain really gave up running for governor, He was filled with disappointment, he finally chose to give up.The Adventures of Hucklebeery Finn is a story about escaping,Huck and Jim left their home and went to someplace where they had never been. In exile on the way, they met with many difficulties, Many people want to pursue them, and natural threats, and lifes difficulties and so on,but they never gave up , They also help some people,In the end, they get much treasure.Tom Sawyer is a story about a boy, When he was young, He always resist with family. His aunt always worried about him, Although he is very naughty, he is very clever, He always wanted to escape from the reality. One day, his friend and he witnessed a homicide, His friend choosed silent, but he eventually cover-up nabbed the murderer.In the end,he became the hero and got a lot of wealth.5.2 combine the literature and the culture backgroundRunning For Governor was published in the American after civil war ended five years. In 1865, the war was over, the new President Johnson forgiven part of the slave owners rebellion and ridiculously offered to the principle of equality accept the southern rebel states to rejoin federal. Meanwhile, in the north of speculators, slave owners in the south and the ku Klux did many bad things .At a time when the us presidential election, state governor is generated by the bipartisan campaign, in order to be able to win both Democrats and Republicans to vote in roping, Two parties to fight each other. Run for governor reflect the darkness of the social reality, for Americas democracy painted a picture of a wonderful caricatures.In 1884, In the southern United States is a planter slavery North is bourgeois wage-labour system, They are contradictory, thus caused a political and economic opposites, The central issue is the support and opposition to the slaves system. This caused the civil war, namely the civil war .So The Adventures of Hucklebeery Finn is mainly expressed views of black people. In fact, in Mark Twains heart, he against black slavery, So, in the novel, he made a fugitive image of blacks. Moreover, the black fugitive succeeded, and in the final huck and he get much wealthes. So, this novel reflects that Mark Twain didnt approve the slaves system.When Mark Twain was young, he has experienced much , Actually, Tom Sawyer is a book whi