高考英语 阅读理解系列训练（4）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练（4）及答案解析(2012泸州一诊)a dead sixton satellite passed over the west coast and near auckland before burning up over a remote area of the pacific ocean, nasa maps show.the 20yearold upper atmospheric research satellite (uars) dropped about 24 pieces of metal debris (碎片) over 800 km as it entered earths atmosphere on saturday.nasa data tracks its descent (下落) from above the indian ocean off the coast of africa to the pacific ocean at 14.1 degrees south latitude and 189.8 degrees east longitude.new zealand was the only major land mass on its reentry path.nasa says satellite debris scattered (撒落) over the south pacific ocean about as far away from large land masses as you can get.it says the us air force calculated the satellite entered earths atmosphere generally above american samoa.but pieces of it did not start hitting the water for another 480 kilometers to the northeast, southwest of christmas island.experts believe the metal pieces fell over an 800kilometre span.on saturday, scientists said it was possible some pieces could have reached northwestern canada, but nasa said overnight that new calculations show it landed earlier than they thought, nowhere near north america.nick johnson, nasas chief scientist for orbital debris, said the satellite had descended “well within” the range predicted (预测) by the joint space operations center (jsoc)“this was not an easy reentry to predict because of the natural forces acting on the satellite as its orbit decayed (轨道变形)some other nations around the world also were monitoring the satellites descent in the last two hours and all the predictions were well within the range estimated by jsoc.”uars was launched aboard space shuttle discovery in 1991.nasa stopped using the satellite in 2005, after moving it into a lower orbit that cut its life short by 20 years.文章大意：nasa地图准确预测了卫星碎片的坠落轨迹。63which is the right reentry path of the falling satellite?a.ionzpo b.aiona cpoionz dioponaioindian ocean; nznew zealand; popacific ocean; aafrica; nanorth america)答案：a细节理解题。由第四段可知，该卫星碎片的轨迹一定包含new zealand，可以排除b、d两项；由第三段可知，该卫星碎片从印度洋上空坠落，最后落在了太平洋；所以a项正确。64which is true about the debris according to the text?a.some reached north america.b.few fell about american samoa.c.some reached the sea a little later.d.most dropped onto the land and some into the pacific.答案：c细节理解题。由第五段第一句话可知。65what can we infer from nick johnsons words?a.jsoc did a good job in predicting.b.the satellite descended in a set way.c.the satellite was controlled by jsoc.d.it was not easy for the satellite to reenter.答案：a推理判断题。由第七段第一句话可知，joint space operations center对该卫星回归的预测非常准确。66from the text we can know that the satellite was at first designed to use for about_.a.15 years b.20 years c35 years d40 years答案：c细节理解题。由最后一段可知，该卫星是1991年发射的，2005年停止使用，这颗卫星的设计使用年限被缩短了20年。所以，该卫星的设计使用年限是35年。*结束 (2012自贡二诊)astronauts aboard the space station celebrated a space first on wednesday by drinking water that had been recycled from：their urine(尿)，sweat and water got from air. they said “cheers，” clicked drinking bags and toasted nasa workers on the ground.the urine recycling system is needed for astronaut stations on the moon and mars. it also will save nasa money because it wont have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttles or cargo rockets. besides, its important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six.the recycling system had been brought up to the space station last november by space shuttles endeavour, but it couldnt be used until samples were tested back on earth. so when it came time to actually drink up, nasa made a big deal of it. thethreeman crew stood holding their drinks and congratulated engineers in two nasa centers that worked on the system. “this is something that had been the stuff of science fiction，” american astronaut michael barratt said before taking a small mouthful. “the taste is worth trying.” the new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet, moves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the vapor is collected. the rest of the urine is thrown away. then the water vapor is mixed with water from air, and then it goes through filters(过滤器). when six crew members are aboard it can make about six gallons from urine in about six hours. “some people may find the idea of drinking recycled urine distasteful, but it is also done on earth, but with a lot longer time between urine and the tap，” said marybeth edeen, the space stations national lab manager.the technology nasa developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 asian tsunami.67according to the text, the recycling system is important because_.ait makes traveling to the moon for the average person possiblebwith it nasa wont need to ship any water up the space stationcit can help meet the need for more water after the crew is expandedd. it protects the environment in space by reducing the amount of waste答案：c细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“.it wont have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttles or cargo rockets. besides, its important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six.”可知选c。68from paragraph 5，we can know_.a. the theory behind the recycling system b. the effect of the recycling systemc. an opinion on recycling urine d. the process of recycling urine答案：d推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“the new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet, moves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the vapor is collected. the rest of the urine is thrown away.”可知，这是循环利用的过程。69what did edeen say about recycled urine and the recycling system?athe taste of recycled urine is not as good as that of common water.bthe recycling system has made a science fiction story come true.cthe idea of drinking recycled urine makes astronauts feel unpleasant.dit takes a longer time on earth to make water from urine than in space.答案：d推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句中“.it is also done on earth, but with a lot longer time between urine and the tap.”可知，在地球上，把尿净化成自来水需要更长的时间。70.what is the best title for the passage?a. the research of nasa has made great progressb. new technology is used in the space stationc. drink up：space station recycles urine to waterd. good news：water recycled from urine tastes good答案：c主旨大意题。根据全文可知，主要讲述了在空间站将尿转换成水。*结束 (2012广西老牌高中一调)tired of all the pushing in supermarkets? fed up with waiting in endless lines to pay for what you have bought? angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? if this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of troublefree(安全可靠的)shopping, or is it？online shopping brings its own challenges. here are a few things to bear in mind when browsing(浏览)various websites. the claim(主张)made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe and secure way to make purchases. the evidence challenges this. in any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud(诈骗)once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation.another problem is the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. this might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. also, product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue! perhaps the wisest plan is to purchase items where design and color are not essential to customer satisfaction.some even argue that online shopping indirectly contributes to global warming. yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? often by some large van porting out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. you are also by now becoming increasingly irritated(使烦恼)by the fact that the delivery is late and you have wasted the leave from work you have taken to receive it!without question, online shopping is here to stay and it has its benefits. however, perhaps it is not as wonderful as some of its supporters claim it to be.文章大意：网购越来越受欢迎，但是它也有许多缺点。71the author lists several questions in paragraph 1 to_.a.support online shopping b.collect answers from readersc.introduce the topic of the passage d.show his dislike of going shopping答案：c推理判断题。由第一段可知，作者列举出问题的目的是为了引出下文。72by what can online shoppers avoid fraud?a.choosing big websites. busing only trusted websites.c.collecting shopping evidence.d.seeking advice from the police.答案：b细节理解题。由第二段最后一句话可知，避免上当受骗的方法就是使用可信度高、声誉好的网站。73what can we learn about online shopping from paragraph 3?a.we shouldnt believe product descriptions easily.b.its normal for a blue dress to change into green.c.its usually wise for us to buy colorful products.d.product appearances are sometimes not good.答案：a细节理解题。由第三段中的“.product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue！”可知，网购的时候，产品的描述不一定可信。74the author agrees with the fact that_.a.customers are never satisfied with productsb.online shopping is a safe way to make purchasesc.delivery delay often makes online shoppers unhappyd.online shopping has nothing to do with global warming答案：c推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知，网购中商品的递送环节常常是网购者不满意的地方。75what is the authors attitude towards online shopping?a.very popular.b.a wise choice.c.a waste of time.d.not troublefree.答案：d推理判断题。文章第一段的最后两句话实际上概括了作者对于网购的观点：网购也有许多缺点，网购也有不尽如人意的地方。*结束*结束 attractive fathers do not pass their looks on to their sons but they will hand their good looks down to their daughters, research shows. in a study of family photographs, psychologists professor david perrett and elisabeth cornwell - now at the university of colorado have found that while both father and mother can influence the attractiveness of their daughters, the couples good looks do not necessarily contribute to the attractiveness of their son as an adult. handsome men with masculine(男子气概,阳刚) looks are likely to pass on masculine features, but not facial attractiveness. the theory suggests it is not unusual for attractive parents to produce a beautiful daughter while failing to pass on the same good looks to a son. while many celebrity mothers produce stunning daughters - such as goldie hawn and her daughter kate hudson or jerry hall and her daughter georgia - the same is not necessarily true of celebrity fathers. sean stewart, the son of rod stewart and his first wife alana, would probably be judged less attractive than his model sister kimberly. we cant see a strong relationship between the parents attractiveness and the sons. if the parents are supermodels, the chances are the daughters will be lookers, perrett said. prof perrett said it has previously been suggested that a woman could increase her own reproductive success by choosing a sexy mate whose genes would be passed on to male offspring(后代), making them irresistible to the next generation. but the new study, published in the current edition, contradicts the theory. he said, when we looked at womens faces, we found clear evidence that attractiveness passed from both father and mother to daughter. for the male line, we find that facial masculinity conforms to the rule like father - like son. masculine dads have masculine sons. but we did not find any evidence that facial attractiveness is passed from father to son.72. what does the underlined word lookers mean? a. beauties b. showgirls c. models d. observers73. why did many women previously want to choose a sexy mate according to the report? a. because they wanted to reproduce more beautiful daughters and sons. b. because there existed more possibilities to have more male offspring. c. because they believed that the male offspring would be as good as they were. d. because they took it for granted that their male offspring could be excellent.74. as we know, yaoming is a giant in nba. supposing he is also attractive and masculine, which statement do you think is logical according to the study? a. his son must be handsome and attractive, but less masculine. b. his son must be a handsome man full of masculine character, who is likely to be a promising basketball player. c. his daughter must be an attractive and good-looking girl. d. his daughter must be an unattractive and masculine girl.75. in which magazine can you be likely to find the report of the study? a. animal behaviors b. the geographic magazine c. science and technology progress d. the economist 参考答案 72-75 adca*结束 the motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. so the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a social problem .in fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people just ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. but it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when ones actions could bring death or damage to others. a minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence (疏忽). researchers have pointed out that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can result from the psychological condition of the driver. emotional upsets can affect drivers reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be clear. the experts warn that it is important for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep ones emotion under control.yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not only caused by drivers. street walkers regularly go against traffic rules, they are to blame in most vehicle walker accidents , and many cyclists even believe that they dont obey the basic rules of the road.significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture (制造业) and through regular road-worthiness inspections (车辆上路安检). in addition, speed limits have been lowered. due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. but the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. the only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. those who fail to do all these things present a threat to those with whom they share the road.21 the following is mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents except .a. careless bicycle riders b. people walking in the street c. irresponsible drivers d. irresponsible manufacturers of automobiles 22 why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in paragraph 3?a. to give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.b. to show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.c. to show some of the inaccurate statements by researchers.d. to show the hidden tensions in the course of driving 23 what is the authors main purpose in writing this passage?a. to show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.b. to promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.c. to discuss traffic problems and suggest possible solutions.d. to warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.24 which of the following best reflects the authors attitude toward a future without traffic accident problems?a. doubtful yet still longing for.b. happy and rather confident.c. surprised and very pleased.d. disappointed and not concerned.参考答案 6871 dbda*结束 jan. 7, 2008 - french president nicolas sarkozy would marry his girlfriend, former supermodel carla bruni on feb. 8 or 9, media reported monday. the report said that in december - less than a month after sarkozy met bruni - he gave her a heart-shaped diamond engagement ring. carla bruni, italian singer, former model and girlfriend of frances president nicolas sarkozy, holds the hand of her son aurelien while wearing a pink heart-shaped ring during a visit to the ancient jordanian ruins of petra jan. 5, 2008. french newspapers reported that sarkozy would marry her early in february. sarkozy and his wife of 11 years, cecilia, divorced in october. their marital（婚姻）problems became well known in may 2005 when she appeared in public at the side of event organizer richard attias. a marriage to bruni, a one-time star of the catwalks who is now a