高考英语 阅读理解基础练习精品题（18）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习精品题（18）及答案阅读理解 starting at a new workplace can be stressful for anyone, whether you have years of experience or are just beginning your career. here are a few expert tips to help you.1.be the early birdreaching the office early will give you more time to explore and absorb your new surroundings. arriving early also gives you time to network. and of course it helps impress the new boss by showing your eagerness to work.2.ask questionsit shows your mangagers that you are interested in learning about you new job. more importantly, the answers will help you adapt to your new surroundings quickly. and try to limit yourself to general or work-related questions.3.watch your body languageyour actions can give away a lot more than you think. frowning, folding your hands, rocking back-and-forth in you chair or shaking your leg constantly, are some gestures that might give the impression that you are nervous, not confident or are too casual about your job.4.be a listenerlisten more and talk less. when you talk more, you might unintentionally speak out of turn. lsitening and observing can help you learn more about you peers and managers and their way of doing things. try not to get sucked into office politics.5.arrive ready to learnchange is always difficult, but prepared to absorb a new culture, different ways of doing things and take on new responsibilities. try not to say things like “i used to do this in this way”, which makes you seem too aggressive or even annoying.6. dont rush to shake things upwe normally see people come in and make a quick assessment of what is happening, and start making changes quickly. thats not a god idea because it can cause conflict with your new team. instead consider introducing your way of doing things slowly while you communicate with your team as often as possible.apply these principles and within no time you would have made a place for yourself in the organization.9which of the following is true according to the passage?athis passage is intended for people who have just graduated form college.bwe can ask any personal question after arriving at a new place.cwe can continue working in the same way as before.dlistening and observing can benefit you a lot.10what does the underlined phrase mean in the sixth piece?aconcludebdecidecchangedplan11what can we infer from the passage?aif you need help, dont hesitate to ask people around you in the new organization.bpeople can be under pressure to work after arriving at a new place.cit is better to arrive at offices as early as possible.dtalking more can make it easy for people to get into the office politics.12what is the purpose of this passage?ato educatebto persuadecto instructdto advisedc ad c52013江苏卷 dmark twain has been called the inventor of the american novel.and he surely deserves additional praise：the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.i say clever because antislavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the civil war.h.b.stowes uncle toms cabin is only the most famous example.these early stories dealt directly with slavery.with minor exceptions, twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.he drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.again and again，in the postwar years，twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race.consider the most controversial, at least today, of twains novels, adventures of huckleberry finn.only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as huckleberry finn，twains most widely read tale.once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums(贫民窟)”more recently the book has been attacked because of the character jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(the term nigger jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.)but the attacks were and are sillyand miss the point.the novel is strongly antislavery.jims search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic.as jchadwick has pointed out, the character of jim was a first in american fictiona recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual：jim, the father and the man.”there is much more.twains mystery novel puddnhead wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day.written at a time when the accepted wisdom held negroes to be inferior(低等的)to whites，especially in intelligence，twains tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth.a slave gave birth to her masters baby and，for fear that the child should be sold south, switched him for the masters baby by his wife.the slaves lightskinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slaveholding class.the masters wifes baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.the point was difficult to miss：nurture(养育)，not nature，was the key to social status.the features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudicemanner of speech，for examplewere, to twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.twains racial tone was not perfect.one is left uneasy，for example，by the lengthy passage in his autobiography(自传)about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows” in his youthmostly with white men performing in blackfaceand his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them.yet there is no reason to think twain saw the shows as representing reality.his frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.was twain a racist？asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of lincoln.if we read the words and attitudes of the past through the “wisdom” of the considered moral judgments of the present，we will find nothing but error.lincoln，who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him.and twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier，and inventor of jim，may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.65how do twains novels on slavery differ from stowes?atwain was more willing to deal with racism.btwains attack on racism was much less open.ctwains themes seemed to agree with plots.dtwain was openly concerned with racism.66recent criticism of adventures of huckleberry finn arose partly from its _atarget readers at the bottombantislavery attitudecrather impolite languagedfrequent use of “nigger”67what best proves twains antislavery stand according to the author?ajims search for his family was described in detail.bthe slaves voice was first heard in american novels.cjim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.dtwain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.68the story of two babies switched mainly indicates that _aslaves were forced to give up their babies to their mastersbslaves babies could pick up slaveholders way of speakingcblacks social position was shaped by how they were brought updblacks were born with certain features of prejudice69what does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 7 refer to?athe attacks.bslavery and prejudice.cwhite men.dthe shows.70what does the author mainly argue for?atwain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.btwain was an admirable figure comparable to abraham lincoln.ctwains works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.dtwains works should be read from a historical point of view.【要点综述】 本篇为说明文，谈到马克吐温的小说是否对奴隶制和偏见进行了反抗，以及它受到不同人士的批评情况。65b推理判断题。由第二段的“twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.”可知，马克吐温把对奴隶制和偏见的攻击融在故事中，隐晦地表达。而早期小说是直接攻击方式(dealt directly with slavery)，因此b项说他的小说对种族主义制度的攻击非常不明显是恰当的。a项文章没有提及；c项与题干无关，答非所问；d项文章没有提及。66d推理判断题。根据关键词adventures of huckleberry finn定位到第三段。由“more recently the book has been attacked because of many occurences of the word nigger.”可知答案。a项中的target readers错误，文章没有说到；b项不符合文意；c项中的impolite language范围过广，文章只是说到批评者对nigger一词的出现感到不满。67c细节理解题。由第四段的末句“the character of jim was a first in american fictiona recognition that the slave had two personalities”可知答案。a项中的in detail文章没有提及；b项中的the slaves voice与文章的the character of jim不一致；d项文章没有提及。68c推理判断题。由第六段可知，举这个例子是为了说明奴隶的社会地位是由生活环境决定的，而不是人的自然本性。69d词义猜测题。由画线词所在句的前面一句可知：没有理由认为马克吐温把这些表演当作表现现实，后句紧接着解释：马克吐温对奴隶制和偏见的不断攻击说明了他敏锐的意识，而这些是shows所没有表达出来的，可见they应该就是指代shows。70a作者意图题。末段首先提出一个疑问，然后通过论据否定了这个观点，最后总结了一下自己的观点：and twainmay have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice than any other novelist in the past century，可见作者要反驳的是末段首句所表达的疑问，只有a项符合，其他各项只是对具体例子的说明。 housing price in china has always caused heated discussions among property（房产）developers and ordinary chinese. to many property developers and local government officials, housing price in china is still low compared with many developed countries. however, the average housing price in the united states is only 8,000 yuan per square meter, while in china, it is even higher than in the united states. this shows that there are some bubbles(泡沫) in chinese real estate market, the international finance news reported. although the average price of residential houses in the united states, after converted to renminbi, is about 8,000 yuan per square meter, the houses in us are not sold in terms of building area, as most chinese property developers do when they sell their houses. if us property developers sell their houses according to the building area, then the housing price will be even lower than 8,000 yuan per square meter. in most big chinese cities, such as beijing, shanghai, and shenzhen, houses are sold at a price even higher than those in the us. the high housing sales price in large cities in china proves that chinese real estate market does have some bubbles. moreover, chinese houses can not be compared with houses in us in terms of building quality, environment and supporting facilities. furthermore, it should be noted that american peoples average income is several dozen times higher than that of chinese people. how can the chinese afford to buy a house which is even more expensive than that sold in us? at the beginning of 2007, chinese government issued a set of policies that aimed to benefit the public. now in order to reduce the high housing prices, the government can regulate(控制) the real estate market by raising tax on property industry and controlling the release of loans and lands to property developers. at the same time, the government should allow people to build more houses through various fund-raising channels, such as funds collected from buyers or raised by working units. by applying these multiple means, it is expected that the high housing prices can be lowered. 13what is the average housing price per square meter in china? a8000 yuan b10000 yuan c7000 yuan dits not mentioned here14which of the following does not support the idea that the average housing price in china is even higher than in the united states?achinese houses can not be compared with houses in us in terms of building quality, environment and supporting facilities.bamerican peoples average income is several dozen times higher than that of chinese people.cthe houses in us are not sold in terms of building area, as most chinese property developers do when they sell their houses.dthere are more people who need houses in china is larger than that in the united states.15how many measures are mentioned in the last paragraph in order to reduce the high housing prices?afour b three ctwo done16what is the main idea of this passage? athe housing price in china is so high that the government should do something useful to prevent it. bthere are some bubbles in chinese real estate market cthe average housing price in china is even higher than in the united states dchinese government issued a set of policies that aimed to benefit the public.1316、ddb a london（reuters）- britain needs to spend up to one billion pounds a year to protect easily destroyed english wildlife habitats from climate change, intensive（集约）farming and population growth, a government-backed report said on friday.it urged the government to transform conservation policy in the next 40 years to avoid a devastating loss of the countryside that supports thousands of important plants, trees and animals. british ecologist john lawton, who led the year-long study, said englands wildlife habitats are too small and isolated to protect many species from increased strains in coming decades. creating a stronger, better connected network of well-managed habitats will cost between 600 million pounds and 1.1 billion pounds each year, the report estimated（估计）. failure to act could lead to the loss of areas rich with diverse species, such as meadows, wiids and rivers, the report said. centuries of human activity have helped to shape these habitats and they will need ongoing management if they are to survive, it said. the united nations called on world leaders this week to take bold action to preserve animal and plant species. it says the world is facing the worst losses since the dinosaurs vanished 65 million years ago. england has at