课时4unit5 grammar 省略.ppt

1 简单句中的省略 1 省略主语 祈使句中的主语通常被省略 其他省略主语的情况多限于现成的口语中 1 You Comein please 2 I Seeyoutomorrow 3 I Thankyouforyourhelp 2 Therebe结构中there的省略Inandaroundthecitytherearelotsoftrees 3 省略主语或谓语的一部分1 It Soundsagoodidea 2 Wouldyoulike Somethingtodrink 3 Youcome Thisway please 4 省略宾语可以省略宾语的全部 可以省略作宾语的动词不定式 只保留to 但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态 则须在to后加上be或have 1 DoyouknowMissHu Idon tknow her 2 Don ttouchanythingunlesstheteachertellsyouto touch 3 Areyouateacher No butIwanttobe ateacher 4 Hehasn tfinishedthetask Well heoughttohave finishit 5 省略表语1 Areyouthirsty Yes Iam thirsty 2 Hisbrotherisn tlazy Norishissister lazy 6 同时省略几个句子成分1 Areyoufeelingbetternow I mfeeling Better now 2 Whendidyoureadthenovel Ireadit Longago 3 Let smeetattheschoolgateasthesameas wemet yesterday 2 并列句中的省略 两个并列分句中 后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分 1 Myfatherisadoctorandmymother is anurse 2 Istudyatcollegeandmysister studies athighschool 3 Lin sfatherwasnotathome buthismotherwas athome 3 主从复合句中的省略 1 主句中有主语和谓语被省略1 I m Sorrytohearthatyouareill 2 It sa Pitythatyoumissedsuchagoodchance 2 省略从句中与主句相同的部分Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto visittheirparents 3 主句与从句各有一些成分被省略Thesooner youdoit thebetter itwillbe 4 其他省略 1 连词的that省略1 宾语从句中常省略that 但多个宾语从句并列时 通常只省略第一个thatHesaid that thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart 2 在定语从句中that在作宾语时才能省略Thebook that Iborrowedyesterdaywashers 2 在某些状语从句中 当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或者从句主语为it 且从句谓语部分有be动词时 可省去 主语 be 部分1 When hewas stillaboyof10 hehadtoworkdayandnight 2 As hewas achild helivedinIndia 3 If youare askedyoumaycomein 4 Though heis young heknowsalot 3 不定式符号to的省略 1 并列的不定式可省去后面的toItoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment 2 前面出现过的动词在下文再次出现时 可省略不定式符号to后面的内容 Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto visittheirparents A Wouldyouliketocometotheparty B I dloveto cometheparty 3 I mafraid think believe hope guess后接的宾语从句可用so和not来代替 如Doyouthinkitwillrain Ihopeso Ihopenot 4 某些使役动词 let make have 及感官动词 see watch hear notice observe feel lookat listento等 后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to 但在被动语态中须将to复原 Isawtheboyfallfromthetree Theboywasseentofallfromthetree Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday Weweremadetowork12hoursaday 5 主语从句中有动词do 后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带 Whatwecandonowis to wait 6 find当 发现 讲时 后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带 Wefoundhim to workveryhardattheexperiment 但如果是不定式tobe 则不能省略 Shefoundhimtobedishonest 4 条件从句中有should were或had时 可以省略if 但要将should were或had提至句首 IfIwereyou Iwouldgiveitup Ifitwerenotforyouradvice wecouldn thavegotoverthedifficulties IfIhadhadtime Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain Ifthereshouldbeaflood whatshouldwedo Discoveringusefulstructures 3 Rewritethesesentencesbytakingouttheunnecessaryparts Theburnthatshegotfromtheironwasredanditwasverypainful P37 2 Aboywasontheleftsideofthesickwoman andagirlwasontherightsideofthesickwoman 3 Shehasadaughterwhoisinhospital 4 Hewenttothedoctorbecausehehadtogotothedoctor 5 Didshepassthefirstaidtestthatshedidyesterdayordidn tshepass 6 Shecouldnotdecidedwhethertosendhimtohospitalornottosendhimtohospital not 7 Whenyournoseisbleeding youshouldbendforwardsothatthebloodrunsoutofyournoseandtheblooddoesn trundownyourthroat 8 Onlysomeofthestudentshavedoneafirstaidcoursebutmostofthestudentshaven tdoneafirstaidcourse notdownyourthroat Thesesentencesarecorrect However oneormorewordshavebeenleftout Canyoutellyourpartnerwhichwordsaremissing 1 Thetemplesurroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment Thetemple whichis surroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment P374 2 ThefirstbookIreadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond Thefirstbook that Ireadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond bookthatIreadthisterm 定语从句中的省略 3 Toherteacher ssurprise shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthanexpected Toherteacher ssurprise shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthan shewas expected todo 在than as引导的比较状语从句中的省略 4 Idon tthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital buttheymighthave Idon tthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital buttheymighthave returnedfromthehospital 在并列复合句中 后面分句中与前面分句中相同的部分常可省略 5 Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidn t Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidn t wanttohelptheaccidentvictim 在并列复合句中 后面分句中与前面分句中相同的部分常可