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civilengineering土木工程 structureengineering结构工程 beam梁 column柱 ringbeam圈梁 carbon碳纤维 strainharden应变硬化 duration持续时间 durability耐久性 bond结合力 adhesion附着力 safetyfactor安全系数 shearwall剪力墙 concrete混凝土 reinforcedconcrete钢筋混凝土 cement水泥 settlement沉降 skyscraper摩天楼 foundation基础 multifunctional多功能 initially最初的 crak开裂 destory破坏 fireresistance耐火性 corrosionresistance耐腐蚀性 purlin檩条 neutral中和轴 fatigue疲劳 interlock使连接 remedy修理 combustible易燃的 integrity完整性 seismic地震 shrinkage收缩 slurry泥浆 mortar砂浆 yield屈服 distortion扭曲 spalling剥落 workability和易性 superstructure上部结构 rigidity刚度 ductility塑性 elasticity弹性 creep徐变 stability稳定性harzardous危险construction建造execution施工novel异常的asphalt沥青intensity强度colonnade柱列sidewall侧壁profilesteel型钢symmetrically对称additionalstess附加应力spacing间距formula公式collision碰撞deformation变形aggregate砂石aggregategrading砂石级配archaxis拱轴archbridge拱桥archrib拱肋archrise拱高assessment评估axialforce轴向力axialload轴向荷载axialstrain轴向应变axialstress轴向应力axialtensilestength轴向抗拉强度beamandslabconstruction梁板结构bearingpile承重桩bearingplate承重板bearingpost支承柱bearingstress承载应力bearingsurface承载面bearingwall承重墙bedrock基岩bendingmoment弯矩bendingstiffness弯曲刚度bendingstress弯曲应力boundarycondition边界条件boxfoundation箱形基础boxgirder箱形主梁breakingstrain断裂应变breakingstrength断裂强度breakingwave破碎波brittlefailure脆性破坏buckling压曲bucklingload压曲荷载camber拱度cantileverbeam悬臂梁cantileverslab悬臂板controlledgradient控制梯度conversionfactor换算系数coordinates坐标corner-pointmethod角点法coupledvibration耦合振动crackdeformation裂缝变形creeplimit蠕变极限creeprate蠕变速率creeprupture蠕变破坏creepvalue蠕变量criteria标准criticaldamping临界阻尼criticalfrequency临界频率criticalload临界荷载criticalstablestate临界稳态crosssection横断面cyclicchange周期改变cyclicdegradation周期衰化cyclicload周期荷载curing养护dam坝damping阻尼curvature曲率deadload恒载decompressioncurve卸荷曲线deflection挠度designlife设计使用期designstrength设计强度detrimentalsettlement有害沉降deviatorstress应力差differentialsettlement不均匀沉降dilationrate膨胀率S-wave剪切波dynamicanalysis动态分析dynamicmagnificationfactor动力放大因子dynamicresponse动力反应earthquakescale震级earthquakewave地震波earthquakezone地震带elasticconstant弹性常数elasticlimit弹性极限elasticmodulus弹性模量energyratio能量比equivalentstess等效应力equivalenttime等效时间equivalentdampingratio等效阻尼比equivalentdiameter等效粒径executivesummary摘要expansionindex回弹指数extensiontest拉伸试验factorofsafetyagainstoverturning抗倾覆安全系数fail破坏failurecriterion破坏准则failureenvelope破坏包络线failuremechanism破坏机制failureplane破坏平面failurescar破坏痕迹failurestrain破坏应变failurewedge破坏棱体feasibilitystudy可行性研究flexiblestructure柔性结构flexiblewall柔性墙flexuralrigidity抗挠刚度flexuralstress挠曲应力forcedvibration强迫振动fundamentalfrequency基本频率frictiondamping摩擦阻尼generalshearfailure整体剪切破坏harmonicvibration简谐振动horizontalload水平荷载hydraulicjack液压千斤顶hypocentre震源hysteresismodulus回滞模量immediatesettlement瞬时沉降immediatecompression瞬时压缩impactload冲击荷载impactstrengthindex冲击强度指数impulseload脉冲荷载inertia惯性力intensityofearthquake地震烈度interpolation内插laboratory实验室lateralcompressiontest测压试验lateraldeflection侧向挠曲lateraldeformation侧向变形lateralrestraint侧向约束lateralstrain侧向应变lateralsupport侧向支撑lateralyield侧向屈服leastsquares最小二乘lengthheightratio长高比limitstate极限状态limitstatedesign极限状态设计法magnificationfactor放大因素masonrywall砖石墙massconcretewall大体积混凝土墙massforce体积力yieldcriterion屈服准则yieldlocus屈服轨迹yieldpoint屈服点yieldstress屈服应力yieldsurface屈服面yieldvalue屈服值methodofmoments力矩法bentframe排架rigidframe刚架model模型modeoffailure破坏模式modeofmovement位移模式modeofvibration振型modeltest模型试验modulusofcompressibility压缩模量modulusofdeformation变形模量modulusofdilation膨胀模量modulusofelasticity弹性模量modulusofresilience回弹模量modulusofrigidity刚性模量Mohrscircle摩尔圆naturalfrequency固有频率nondestructivetest无损试验normalforce法向力normalstress正应力normalstrain正应变numericalanalysis数值分析oceanstructure海洋结构partialfactor分项系数partialsafetyfactor分项安全系数partialloadfactor分项荷载系数permanentdeformation永久变形permanentstructure永久结构permeability渗透性planestress平面应力planewave平面波plasticzone塑性区precision精度probability概率probabilitydesign概率设计program程序progressivefailure渐进性破坏project计划property性质proportionalerror相对误差proportionalloading比例加荷proportionality比值slenderbeam浅梁deepbeam深梁puchingshear冲剪quake-resistant抗振randomerror随机误差randomvibration随机振动randomprocess随机过程randomanalysis随机分析reductionfactor折减系数regressionanalysis回归分析regulation系列reinforcement钢筋reliabilityanalysis可靠性分析reloading再加荷repair修复repeatedload重复荷载resonantfrequency共振频率responsespectrummethod反映普法resultantintensity总强度resultantload总荷载rigidityindex刚度指数rule规律rupture破裂rupturediagram破裂图sample样本sampling取样seismicacceleration地震加速度seismiceffect地震效应seismicforce地震力seismicshear地震剪力seismicstrainenergy地震应变能sensitivity灵敏度simulatedcondition模拟条件simulationexperiment模拟试验stabilityevaluation稳定性评价stabilitystudy稳定性研究stabilization加固straingauge应变计strengthenvelope强度包络线strengthparameters强度参数cavern溶洞caving塌陷centralspan中跨距centricload中心荷载centroid重心chat碎石clearspan静跨距clearwidth静宽coarseaggregate粗砂石collapseload破坏荷载collapsestate破坏状态columnanalogy柱比法columnbracket柱托columncap柱帽columnfooting柱脚columnframe柱架columnstrip柱带combineddeadload组合恒载compartmentwall分隔墙compositebeam组合梁compositewall组合墙compositeslab组合板compressivefailure压缩破坏compressivestrain压缩应变compressivestrength抗压强度concentratedload集中荷载concretecore混凝土芯concretecover混凝土保护层concretecubetest混凝土立方块测试concretedesign混凝土配合比设计concretedurability混凝土耐久性confiningstress局限应力consolidation加固constructionjoint施工缝continuousload连续荷载couplingbeam并联梁dead-loadtest恒载试验deflectioncurve挠度曲线designcriterion设计准则designdrawing设计图designsafetyfactor设计安全系数earthquakeproofjoint防震缝edgebeam边梁eccentricload偏心荷载effectivestress有效应力elementofconstruction结构单元stressanalysis应力分析stressconcentration应力集中stresscontrol应力控制stressdifference应力差stressdistribution应力分布stressfield应力场stresslevel应力水平stresspath应力路径stresspathmethod应力路径法stressratio应力比stressredistribution应力重分布stressrelaxation应力松弛stressstate应力状态stresstensor应力张量stress-straincurve应力-应变曲线stress-strainrelationship应力-应变关系stripfoundation条形基础structureintegrity结构完整性structuremember结构构件systematicerror系统误差tension拉力tensionzone受拉区testmethod试验方法testresult试验结果ultimateload极限荷载ultimatebearingcapacity极限承载能力ultimatelimitstate极限状态ultimatestressstate极限应力状态uncertainty不确定性unit单位unitweight容重universaltestmachine万用试验机unloading卸载wavecrest波峰waveequationanalysis波动方程分析wavespectrum波普wavevelocity波速web腹板windload风荷载windrose风玫瑰图windstressfactor风压系数estimate预算excessivedeformation过量变形excitation激振excitingforce激振力finiteelementmethod有限元法flexure挠曲forecast预测functionalrequirement功能要求timberstructure木结构steelstructure钢结构plainconcrete素混凝土staticallydeterminatestructure静定结构staticallyindeterminatestructure超静定结构trussstructure桁架结构simplysupportedbeam简支梁fixedbearing固定支座fracturemechanics断裂力学gravity重力internalforce内力allowablestress允许应力fatigueanalysis疲劳分析shell壳displacement位移literature文献journal期刊patent专利keyword关键字analysismethod解析方法numericalmethod数值方法computation计算liveload活荷载reducedload折算荷载long-termstrength长期强度nonlinearelasticmodel非线性弹性模型constitutivemodel本构模型mixedstructure混合结构shellstructure壳体结构shearwallstructure剪力墙结构frame-shearwallstructure框架剪力墙结构tubestructure筒体结构suspendedstructure悬挂结构high-risestructure高耸结构tunnel隧道beamfixedatbothends两端固定梁continuousbeam连续梁connection连接basicvariable基本变量reliabilityindex可靠指标limitstateequation极限状态方程serviceabilitylimitstates正常使用极限状态designsituation设计状况transientsituation短暂状况accidentalsituation偶然状况explosionaction爆炸作用snowload雪荷载craneload吊车荷载floorliveload楼面活荷载roofliveload屋面活荷载shipimpactforce船舶撞击力representativevalueofanaction作用代表值characteristicvalueofanaction作用标准值quasi-permanentvalueofanaction作用准永久值prestress预应力restraineddeformation约束变形Poissonratio泊松比ductilefailure延性破坏heightofsection截面高度breadthofsection截面宽度diameterofsection截面直径perimeterofsection截面周长areaofsection截面面积firstmomentofarea截面面积矩secondmomentofarea截面惯性矩radiusofgyration截面回转半径length长度degreeoffreedom自由度fractile分位数significancelevel显著性水平equivalentbaseshearmethod底部剪力法time-historymethod时程分析法modeanalysismethod振型分解法spreadfoundation扩展基础rigidfoundation刚性基础singlefooting独立基础combinedfooting联合基础raftfoundation筏形基础retainingwall挡土墙soil土palace宫殿temple寺庙church教堂scaffold脚手架verify校验cantileverbridge悬臂桥cantileverfoundation悬臂基础cantileverretainingwall悬臂式挡土墙cantileversupport悬臂支架constructioncolumn构造柱prestressedconcretestructure预应力