2015高考英语一轮-必修五-Unit-1复习题及答案解析.doc

Unit 1Great scientists.单词拼写1The doctor is wellknown for having_(治疗)some people of the deadly disease.2Richardson_(推断出)from his studies that equality between the sexes is still a long way off.3The army was welltrained and wellarmed，and had little difficulty_(击败)the enemy.4The_(建设)work of the theatre is supposed to be completed within the year.5Employees are expected and required to _(参加)team meetings. 6The president became too_(热心的)over a big navy.7The scientists are doing _(科学的)research on the rats.8His injuries were_(严重的)and he was rushed to hospital.9Its difficult to_(操纵)the machine.10He is intensely_(谨慎的)not to make mistakes in spelling.答案1.cured2.concluded3.defeating4.construction5attend6.enthusiastic7.scientific8.severe9.handle10cautions.完成句子1_the American government _the French officials_the news about Syria.美国政府和法国官员都没有证实有关叙利亚的这则新闻。2She smiled suddenly，_.她突然一笑，露出一口洁白的牙齿。3She_casually before carrying out a research.在进行调查研究之前，她从不随便下结论。4_our home，he always brings me a gift.每次我叔叔来我们家，他总会带给我一件礼物。5_Mr.Wang give a performance at the party.有人建议王先生在晚会上演个节目。答案1.Neither；nor；have confirmed2exposing a set of white teeth3never draws a conclusion4Every/Each time my uncle comes to5It was suggested that.用适当的动词形式填空，体会非谓语动词的用法(专项训练)1_(shock) and sad, Alice stood there and couldnt help bursting into tears.2All flights_(cancel) because of the snowstorm，many passengers could do nothing but wait.3The restaurant_(serve)western food at the far end of the street is now very popular.4_(catch)in a traffic jam，students of a college in India answered their exam papers on the school bus.5He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them_(interest)in his lectures.6I smell something _(burn) in the kitchen.Can I call you back in a minute?7_(drive)by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more greenhouses.8. Hill often attends public lectures at the University of London, chiefly_(improve) his English.9The discovery of the new drug is of great significance to people _(suffer)from heart problems.10A letter_(post), he hurried to the shop for some shopping.答案1.Shocked2.had been cancelled3.serving4Cerested6.burning7.Driven8.to improve9.suffering10 posted.完形填空体裁：夹叙夹议话题：人生感悟新 课 标 第 一 网词数：329难度：建议用时：16分钟If youre going to do something，my dad used to say，do it right.Mostly he said that after my halfhearted(不尽力的)_1_ to weed the vegetable garden.For some reason，he knew that there were white roots still_2_ deep in the ground without looking around the garden.So I would be in the _3_again the next day with a spade dig deep and_4_ the roots of our garden.As I tried to focus my attention to _5_，Dads words kept echoing in my mind：“Do it right.”I saw a perfect example of what Dad was talking about last week when one of the teams in the company was _6_. All of us were sad to see them go.They were good friends and _7_，and we worried about them.And_8_，at such times you always wonder：am I next?But as we watched them during the week they were given to_9_，many of us noticed that they werent handling this in quite the way we expected them to._10_ none of them found another job，there was also no bitterness or_11_ in their departure.I didnt hear a negative word. I didnt see any _12_ or unhappy facesat least，not from them.Instead，I saw grace.x k b 1 . c o m“Its_13_，”one of my colleagues whispered.“I went over there to offer comfort and support to them，and they _14_comforting me.”Ancient Greeks believed that swans save their sweetest song for the moments to their_15_.I dont know if my departing friends _16_ their ending as a “swan song” or not，but the calm，quiet dignity with which they embraced their cruel reality touched and _17_us.Lee，a man who has seen and_18_ lots of layoffs during almost 40 upanddown，onagainoffagain years with the company，_19_ nicely for all of us.“Now，that doing it right，”he said.新*课*标*第*一*网Somewhere，I just know Dad was smiling his_20_.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过小时候清除菜园杂草的经历以及公司里几个被解雇的同事的表现，向我们诠释了“Do it right”的内涵。1A.attempts BjudgementsCexpectations Drequests答案A父亲大多是在“我”没有尽力尝试清除菜园的杂草时说这句话。attempt“努力，尝试”，符合语境。2A.planted Bburied Cgrown Dstuck答案B根据上下文可知，此处表示“父亲知道仍然有一些白色的根深埋在土里”，故buried符合语境。3A.house BschoolCgarden Dcompany答案C因此第二天“我”总是又在花园里，拿着锹深挖，认真除去我们菜园里杂草的根。4A.look forward to Bcome up withCfit in with Dget down to答案D参见上题解析。get down to表示“开始认真注意(或对待)某事”，符合语境。look forward to“盼望”；come up with“找到(答案)”；fit in with“适应”。5A.watching BthinkingCdigging Dworking答案C由上句中的“with a spade dig deep”可知，此处表示在“我”专心挖草根的时候，父亲的话一直在“我”的脑海里回响。6A.turned down Blaid offCcut down Dgiven up答案B根据下文中的“All of us were sad to see them go”及“lots of layoffs”可知，此处表示“我们公司的一个团队被解雇了”。故lay off“解雇”，符合语境。7A.competitors BcolleaguesCdirectors Dconsultants答案B由上下文可知，此处表示“他们是我们的好朋友和好同事”。8A.frankly BnaturallyCequally Dgenerally答案A并且，老实说，在那样的时候，你会想知道：我是否是下一个呢？因为同事被解雇，所以在那种时候，每个人也会担心自己是否会被解雇，故frankly“老实说”，符合语境。9A.hurry up Bturn upCpack up Dcome up答案C上文说到同事被解雇了，所以此处应是给他们一周收拾东西的时间。故pack up“收拾行装，打包行李”，符合语境。10A.Since BWhen CUnless DWhile答案D根据上下文可知，空处所在句和后一句之间是让步关系，因此选while，表示“尽管”。尽管没有一个人找到其他的工作，但是他们也没有痛苦或难过。 11A.sadness BpuzzleCanger Ddelight答案A根据语境可知，此处应该选一个与bitterness意思相近的词语，因此选sadness。12A.tears Bsmiles Cdangers Dfears答案A“我”没有从他们脸上看见眼泪和难过的神色。13A.upsetting BexcitingCdisappointing Damazing答案D根据上文的内容和后一句中同事的话可知，此处表示“我”的一个同事认为被解雇的同事的表现是令人大为惊奇的。14A.objected to Binsisted onCended up Dkept onx k b 1答案C此处表示“我”的一个同事是去给他们安慰和支持的，结果最后他们反过来安慰了“我”的那个同事。end up doing意为“以为结果，以告终”，符合语境。15A.birth Bdeath Carrival Dparty答案B根据上下文可知，此处把同事们离职前的淡定与天鹅临死时的歌唱作一个对比，因此选death。16A.view BrecognizeCchoose Ddescribe答案A“我”不知道我要离开的朋友们是否把他们的离开视为一首“天鹅之歌”。view.as意为“把视为，以看待”，符合语境。17A.discouraged BwarnedCinspired Damused答案C他们用来拥抱残酷事实的这种淡定和大度，感动和激励着我们。inspire意为“激励”，符合语境。18A.celebrated BwitnessedCresisted Dsurvived答案D根据上下文可知，此处应用survived，表示“艰难度过，幸存”，即“Lee见到过也经历过许多次解雇”。19A.made up Bsummed upCpicked up Dspeeded up答案BLee为我们做了很好的总结。sum up意为“总结”，符合上下文语境。20A.disagreement BindifferenceCadmiration Dapproval答案D由上文可知，这位老同事说的话与“我”父亲说的话是一样的，因此此处表示“我”知道父亲一定正在某处微笑着赞同，因此选D。.阅读理解体裁：说明文话题：前沿科学词数：338x kb 1难度：建议用时：6分钟Last nights meteor(流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers.According to Gabe Rothschild, Emerald Valleys mayor，people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes，expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky.What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.“My family was so frustrated，” admitted town resident Duane Cosby. “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing，but it turned out to be a huge disappointments.”Astronomersscientists who study stars and planetshave been complaining about this problem for decades.They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past.They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds，bats，frogs，snakes，etc. For example，outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(迁徙的)birds.According to the International DarkSky Association, “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”Countless more animal casualties(伤亡)result from the use of artificial lighting.Clearly，people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings，but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans，too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a persons chances of getting cancer.Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution.For years，Flagstaff，Arizona，has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory.Similar efforts have been made worldwide，and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them，so that other creatures can share the night.1It happened last night that_.Athe citys lights affected the meteor watchingBthe meteors flew past before being noticedCthe city light show attracted many peopleDthe meteor watching ended up a social outing答案A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可判断选A。2What do the astronomers complain about?AMeteor showers occur less often than before.BTheir observation equipment is in poor repair.CLight pollution has remained unsolved for years.DTheir eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting.答案C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和第二句可判断选C。3What is the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4? ABirds may take other migration paths.BAnimals living habits may change suddenly.CVarieties of animals will become sharply reduced.DAnimals survival is threatened by outdoor lighting.答案D细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知答案。4Lighting regulations in Flagstaff，Arizona are put into effect to_.Alessen the chance of getting cancer Bcreate an ideal observation condition Censure citizens a good sleep at night Denable all creatures to live in harmony答案B细节理解题。根据第六段第二句in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory可知选B。B体裁：说明文话题：语言趣味词数：281难度：新*课*标*第*一*网建议用时：6分钟(2013辽宁卷，D)“Indeed”， George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785，“some kind of fly，or bug，had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.”But the father of America was not the father of bug.When Washington wrote that，Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century，and Americans had alreedy cheated liphningbug(茧火虫) But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language，leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.The American bug could also be a person，referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.Although fan became the usual term，sports fans used to be called racing bugs，baseball bugs，and the like.Or the bug could be a small machine or object，for example，a bugshaped car.The bug could also be a burglar alarm，from which comes the expression to bug，that is，“to install(安装)an alarm”Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to othersconversations.Since the 1840s，to bug has long meant“to cheat”，and since the 1940s it has been annoying.We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program of other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison“had been up the two previous nights discoveringa bugin his invented record player.”【解题导语】本文主要向我们介绍了英语中bug一词的演变。5We learn from Paragraphl that_.AAmericans had difficulty in leaning to use the word bugBGeorge Washington was the first pers on callan insect a bugCthe word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth centuryDboth Englishmen a