被动语态5.ppt

PassiveVoice 被动语态 ThePassiveVoice 被动语态 一 被动语态的定义 语态是动词的一种形式 用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系 当主语是谓语动作的执行者 则为主动语态 Ioftenrepairthecar 当主语是谓语动作的承受者 则为被动语态 Thecarisoftenrepaired byme 二 被动语态的结构被动语态由助动词be 过去分词构成 时态通过be表现出来 be done 表格 被动态基本结构 am is aredone was weredone am is arebeingdone was werebeingdone shall will begoingtobedone wouldbedone have hasbeendone hadbeendone 1 Theymakeshoesinthatfactory 三 主动语态变被动语态的方法 Shoes aremade bythem inthatfactory PractisePeoplegrowwheatinNorthChina 2 Theyboughttencomputerslastterm 3 Someworkersarepaintingtheclassroomsnow 4 Wehavemadetwentymorebeds 5 LingFengcantakegoodcareofPolly Readthefollowingsentences1 Itiscalledastamp 2 What sitmadeof 3 Whichlanguageisspokenbythelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld 4 Englishisusedverywidelyasaforeignlanguage 5 SilkisproducedinSuzhou 6 Wherearebananasgrown 动词语态英语动词有两种语态主动语态 主语是动作的执行者被动语态 主语是动作的承受者ManypeoplespeakEnglish 主动语态 Englishisspokenbymanypeople 被动语态 肯定句 否定句及疑问句如下 CarsaremadeinChangchun CarsarenotmadeinChangchun ArecarsmadeinChangchun Yes theyare No theyaren t Wherearecarsmade p26 将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语 将主动语态的谓语动词改为 be 过去分词 结构 将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语 放在谓语动词之后 有时可省略 主动语态改为被动语态的方法 将下列句子改成被动语态 1 WeuseEnglishasaforeignlanguage Englishisusedasaforeignlanguage byus 2 PeoplewritebusinesslettersinEnglish Businesslettersarewritten bypeople inEnglish 3 TheymaketelephonecallsinEnglish Telephonecallsaremade bythem inEnglish 4 TravelersandbusinesspeopleuseEnglish Englishisusedbytravelersandbusiness 5 FarmersgrowriceinZhejiang RiceisgrownbyfarmersinZhejiang 过去时 含情态动词的被动语态 AmankilledJack HanMeifoundGranny books Theybuiltthebridge Jackwaskilled byaman Granny bookswerefoundbyHanMei Thebridgewasbuilt Hecananswerthequestion Wemustplanttreesinspring Nurseshouldtakecareofthechildren Thequestioncanbeanswered byhim Treesmustbeplantedinspring Childrenshouldbetakencareof 主动语态变为被动语态时注意 含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况 EgHegavetheboyanapple 1 把间接宾语改为主语 直接宾语保留不变 Theboywasgivenanapple 2 把直接宾语改为主语 此时 间接宾语前要加to或for Anapplewasgiventotheboy give pass show send to buy draw make for 含双宾语的被动Myfathergavemeanewbookonmybirthday Anewbookwasgiventome bymyfather Iwasgivenanewbook bymyfather 2 不带的to不定式 改为被动语态时不定 式前要加to Theywatchedthechildrensing Thechildrenwerewatchedtosing 3 短语动词是不可分割的整体 改为被动语态时要保持其完整性 介词或副词不可遗漏 Wemusttakegoodcareoftheyoungtrees Youngtreesmustbetakengoodcareof 4 带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时 一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语 宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语 Hecuthishairshort Hishairwascutshort Theytoldhimtohelpme Hewastoldtohelpme 5 注意 不及物动词不能用被动语态happen takeplace appearbut不及物动词带上介词或副词构成的短语 相当于及物动词 后面可带宾语 takecareof lookafter takeoff lookat sendfor lookup EgTheoldmanshouldbetakengoodcareof 6 主动表示被动情况1某些VI动词表被动含义如carryout lockopen read teach wash write 用来说明主语性质特征 常与not hardly well easily badly nicely等连用Meatcutseasily Thecardroveeasily Hisnovelsellswell某些感观动词表被动含义如feel look taste smell soundThisshirtfeelsmuchsofterthanthatone Thisorangetastesnice 3某些动词表被动含义如weigh measure cost last breakout takeplace happen Themeetinglastedtwohours 4get come go P P表示被动含义用来强调动作结果或表示出乎意料的偶然事件 come go常与否定连用Theygotdelayedbecauseoftheholidaytraffic Thewoman scomplaintswentunnoticed 5在need want require deserve doing句型中 动名词表示被动 Thegardenneedswatering Thegardenneedstobewatered 6有些动词的不定式 blame let rent用主动表被动Nobodywastoblamefortheaccident Thehouseistolet 7一些介词短语用作定语或表语时表被动Thethiefwasunderarrest Applesareonsale 将下列句子改为被动语态 一 WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass Theparentsfoundtheboyinthestreet 3 Wemustcleantheblackboard 4 Isawherreadingabookhoursago Arecorderisoftenused byus inourEnglishclass Theboywasfound bytheparents inthestreet Theblackboardmustbecleaned byus Shewasseenreadingabookhoursago 6 Someonehasstolenmybike Theyarebuildingahouse Myfamilywillbuyacomputernextweek Mybikehasbeenstolen Ahouseisbeingbuilt Acomputerwillbeboughtnextweek 二 IoftenbuyMothersomething Mybrothergavemeabook Wecanhearhersingthissong Theboy swordsmadeuslaugh Motherisoftenboughtsomething SomethingisoftenboughforMother Iwasgivenabook Abookwasgiventome Shecanbeheardtosingthissong Weweremadetolaughbytheboy swords 4 Sheshouldlookupthenewwordsinadictionary 5 Theoldmanputonahat Thenewwordsshouldbelookedupinadictionary Ahatwasputon 单项 1 Yourbikecan t there A beputB isputC beputtedD putted2 Look Abigmodernbuilding inourcity A isbuiltB isbeingbuiltC hasbeenbuiltD isbuilding3 Myroom tomorrow A iscleanedB becleanedC willbecleanedD iscleaning4 Thispicture longlongago A drawnB isdrawnC wasdrawnD wasdrawing5 Thewindows onceaweek A havebeencleanedB iscleanedC arecleanedD arecleaning6 Thesickgirl tothehospitalatonce A mustsendB bemustsentC mustbesentD besent 7 Ourclassroommust cleaneveryday A keepB tokeepC bekeptD tobekept8 Whatanicecamera Yeah It Shanghai A madeinB ismadeinC ismadeofD madeof9 He tosingintheopenairjustnow A heardB washearingC washeardD hasheard10 Assoonasheheardheloudnoise hewentouttoseewhat A washappeningB washappenedC hashappenedD willhappen 1Thesilenceofthelibrary onlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover AhasbeenbrokenBbreaksCbrokeDwasbrokenSarah hurryup I mafraidyouwon thavetimeto beforetheparty AgetchangedBgetchangeCgetchangingDgettochange D A 3Rainforests andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture AcutBarecutCarebeingcutDhadbeencut4Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection AhascompletedBcompletesChasbeencompletedDiscompleted C D 5Allthepreparationsforthetask andwearereadytostart AcompletedBhadbeencompletedChavebeencompletedDcomplete6Hundredsofjobs ifthefactorycloses AlostBwillbelostCarelostDwilllose C B 7Hetoldustokeepasecretofthethings AdiscussingBtodiscussCbeingdiscussedDhavingdiscussed8ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics by2006 AhasbeencompletedBhascompletedCwillhavebeencompletedDwillhavecompleted C C 9Whenfirst tothemarket theseprod